Coding method for coding pixel blocks and apparatus therefor

• US 5,592,302 A
• Filed: 03/19/1993
• Issued: 01/07/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 03/23/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Inventors: Hirabayashi, Yasuji
• Primary Examiner(s): BRINICH, STEPHEN M
• Application Number:
  US08/034,701
• Time in Patent Office: 1,390 Days
• Field of Search: 358/432-433, 358/426, 358/261.1-261.3, 382/56, 382/239, 382/282-283, 382/250, 348/420-421, 348/403, 341/67, 341/76-77, 341/94
• US Class Current: 382/236
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/107 between spatial and temporal predictive coding, e.g. picture refresh
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/124 Quantisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/126 Details of normalisation or weighting functions, e.g. normalisation matrices or variable uniform quantisers
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/132 Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/146 Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/152 by measuring the fullness of the transmission buffer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/176 the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/18 the unit being a set of transform coefficients
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/503 involving temporal prediction adaptive coding with adaptive selection between spatial and temporal predictive coding H04N19/107; adaptive coding with adaptive selection among a plurality of temporal predictive coding modes H04N19/109
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/59 involving spatial sub-sampling or interpolation, e.g. alteration of picture size or resolution
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/60 using transform coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/61 in combination with predictive coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/54 the signals being synchronous H04N21/23602, H04N21/23614, H04N21/2365, H04N21/2368, H04N21/4341, H04N21/4342, H04N21/4347, H04N21/4348 take precedence

Abstract

An amount of data coded in the past is detected at a prescribed period. Criteria for deciding whether a pixel block of interest is to be coded by processing for motion-compensated coding of interframe difference, processing for coding of interframe difference without motion compensation or processing for intraframe coding are adjusted based upon the amount of code detected.

Claims

1. A coding method for coding image data in units of pixel blocks having a prescribed size, each of the pixel blocks constituting a picture, comprising the steps of:

a calculation step of performing a calculation by using image data in a pixel block of a picture of interest and image data in a block of another picture, and generating difference values therebetween;

an orthogonal transformation step of orthogonally transforming the difference values and generating a DC component and AC components;

a masking step of masking a part of an AC component area containing AC components generated by said orthogonal transformation step, said part being determined based on the amount of coded image data; and

a quantizing step of quantizing the AC components processed by said masking step.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said masking step increases a number of the positions which are masked in the pixel block in proportion to the amount of coded image data.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said masking step increases the number of the positions from high-frequency components to low-frequency components in the AC components as the amount of coded image data increases.

4. A coding apparatus for coding image data in units of pixel blocks having a prescribed size, each of the pixel blocks constituting a picture, comprising:

calculation means for performing a calculation by using image data in a pixel block of a picture of interest and image data in a block of another picture, and generating difference values therebetween;

orthogonal transformation means for orthogonally transforming the difference values and generating a DC component and AC components;

masking means for masking a part of an AC component area containing AC components generated by the orthogonal transformation means, said part being determined based on the amount of coded image data; and

quantizing means for quantizing the AC components processed by said masking means.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said masking means increases the number of the positions which are masked in the pixel block in proportion to the amount of coded image data.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said masking means increases the number of the positions from high-frequency components to low-frequency components in the AC components as the amount of coded image data increases.

7. A coding method for coding image data in units of pixel blocks having a prescribed size, each of the pixel blocks constituting a frame image, by using one type of coding method selected based upon correlation with a corresponding pixel block of a previous frame, comprising:

a first transformation step of transforming difference information of a pixel block based upon the selected coding method into frequency space;

a second transformation step of performing averaging in units of pixel blocks for converting the entirety of said pixel block into mean-value data; and

a selecting step of adaptively selecting said first transformation step and said second transformation step.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein coding method corresponding to said first transformation includes processing for coding interframe difference and processing for intraframe coding;

said selecting step selecting one type of processing from among said coding method based upon said second transformation, said processing for coding interframe difference and said processing for intraframe coding.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein said selecting step includes steps of:

calculating a variance value of a pixel block of interest to be coded and a variance value regarding a pixel block of a previous frame selected by the processing for coding interframe difference of said block of interest; and

selecting said second transformation processing, said processing for coding interframe difference and said processing for intraframe coding based upon the calculated variance value corresponding to the processing for coding interframe difference and the variance value corresponding to the pixel block of interest.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein said processing for coding interframe difference includes processing for motion-compensated coding of interframe difference and processing for coding interframe difference without motion compensation.

11. A coding apparatus for coding image data in units of pixel blocks having a prescribed size, each of the pixel blocks constituting a frame image, by using one type of coding processing selected based upon correlation with a corresponding pixel block of a previous frame, comprising:

first transformation means for transforming difference information of a pixel block based upon the selected coding method into frequency space;

second transformation means for performing averaging in units of pixel blocks for converting the entirety of said pixel block into mean-value data; and

selecting means for adaptively selecting said first transformation means and said second transformation means.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein coding method corresponding to said first transformation includes processing for coding interframe difference and processing for intraframe coding;

said selecting means selecting one type of processing from among said coding method based upon said second transformation, said processing for coding interframe difference and said processing for intraframe coding.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said selecting means includes:

means for calculating a variance value of a pixel block of interest to be coded and a variance value regarding a pixel block of a previous frame selected by the processing for coding interframe difference of said block of interest; and

means for selecting said second transformation processing, said processing for coding interframe difference and said processing for intraframe coding based upon the calculated variance value corresponding to the processing for coding interframe difference and the variance value corresponding to the pixel block of interest.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said processing for coding interframe difference includes processing for motion-compensated coding of interframe difference and processing for coding interframe difference without motion compensation.

15. A coding apparatus for coding image data in units of pixel blocks having a prescribed size, each of the pixel blocks constituting a picture, comprising:

calculating means for performing a calculation by using image data in a pixel block of a picture of interest and image data in a block of another picture, and generating difference values therebetween;

orthogonal transformation means for orthogonally transforming the difference values;

masking means for masking apart of an area containing orthogonal transformation coefficients generated by said orthogonal transformation means, said part being determined based on the amount of coded image data; and

quantizing means for quantizing the orthogonal transformation coefficients processed by said masking means.

16. A coding apparatus for coding image data in units of pixel blocks having a prescribed size, each of the pixel blocks constituting a picture, comprising:

calculation means for performing a calculation by using image data in a pixel block of a picture of interest and image data in a block of another picture, and generating difference values therebetween;

orthogonal transformation means for orthogonally transforming the difference values;

masking means for masking a part of an area containing orthogonal transformation coefficients generated by said orthogonal transformation means, said part being determined based on the amount of coded image data; and

quantizing means for quantizing the orthogonal transformation coefficients processed by said masking means, wherein a size of a part to be masked by said masking means is increased in proportion to the amount of coded image data.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein said part to be masked by said masking means is increased in a direction from high-frequency components to low-frequency components in the orthogonal transformation coefficients as the amount of coded image data increases.

18. A coding method for coding image data in units of pixel blocks having a prescribed size, each of the pixel blocks constituting a picture, comprising the steps of:

a calculation step of performing a calculation by using image data in a pixel block of a picture of interest and image data in a block of another picture, and generating difference values therebetween;

an orthogonal transformation step of orthogonally transforming the difference values, and generating a DC component and AC components;

a masking step of masking a part of an area containing orthogonal transformation coefficients generated by said orthogonal transformation step, said part being determined based on the amount of coded image data; and

a quantizing step of quantizing the orthogonal transformation coefficients processed by said masking step.

19. A method according to claim 18, wherein a size of said part to be masked in said masking step is increased in proportion to the amount of coded image data.

20. A method according to claim 19, wherein said part to be masked in said masking step is increased in a direction from high-frequency components to low-frequency components in the orthogonal transformation coefficients as the amount of coded image data increases.