Apparatus for the oxygen enrichment of air

• US 5,593,480 A
• Filed: 07/11/1995
• Issued: 01/14/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: PPV Verwaltungs-AG
• Original Assignee: PPV Verwaltungs-AG
• Inventors: P oschl, G unter
• Primary Examiner(s): SPITZER, ROBERT H
• Application Number:
  US08/495,600
• Time in Patent Office: 553 Days
• Field of Search: 96/108, 96/121, 96/124, 96/130, 96/133, 96/140
• US Class Current: 96/124
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/108 Zeolites
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2256/12 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/102 Nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/402 using two beds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4566 for use in transportation means
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4575 in aeroplanes or space ships
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/0446 Means for feeding or distributing gases
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/047 Pressure swing adsorption
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 13/0259 by adsorption on solids
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 21/045 by adsorption in solids
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2210/0046 Nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 43/10 Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/30 Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

For the oxygen enrichment of air two containers (11,11'"'"') working according to a pressure change process are provided. Each container (11, 11'"'"') is partly filled with a packed zeolite bed (13, 13'"'"'). Compressed air is fed to one container via a common closure device (41). At a certain pressure value a chamber (27) disposed in the container. (11) opens, with oxygen-enriched air flowing into the chamber. The oxygen-enriched air leaves the container (11) via an ascending pipe (37) and can be used as combustion air in internal combustion engines or the like. The one container (11) adsorbs the nitrogen from the compressed air through its packed zeolite bed (13), while the other container (11'"'"'), the chamber of which is closed, is desorbed. An oscillation generator (25) can be used to cause the packed zeolite beds (13, 13'"'"') to oscillate at high frequency and in this way to increase the adsorbing capacity and to accelerate the desorption process.

Claims

1. An apparatus for the oxygen enrichment of air, with at least one container (11) holding a packed zeolite bed (13) and having a container inlet (15) for compressed air, a container outlet (23) for oxygen-enriched air, a container inlet (15) for scavenging air and a container outlet (19) for nitrogen, characterized in that the container (11) includes a separate chamber (27) capable of being opened and gastightly closed relative to the interior of the container (11) by means of the internal container pressure and comprising an upper and a lower portion (31, 33) separable from one another by the internal container pressure, thus producing an annular gap as a chamber inlet (17) said chamber (27) having a chamber outlet (29) connected to the container outlet (23).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that an ascending pipe (37) forms the connection between the chamber outlet (29) and the container outlet (23).

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the container (11) posseses a flexible wall (51) movable by the internal container pressure, with the ascending pipe (37) being securely connected to said wall.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a particle filter (35) is disposed before the container outlet (23).

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the particle filter (35) is disposed in the chamber (27).

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that an oscillation generator (25) capable of causing the packed zeolite bed (13) to oscillate at high frequency is connected to the container (11).

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the oscillation generator (25) is a piezoelement.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, with a controllable closure means (41), characterized in that the container inlet (15) for compressed air, the container inlet (15) for scavenging air, the container outlet (19) for nitrogen and a compressed air source (43) are connected in common to the closure means (41).

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the container inlet (15) for compressed air and the container inlet (15) for scavenging air are one and the same container inlet alternately suppliable with compressed air and scavenging air via the closure means (41).

10. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the closure means (41) consists partly or entirely of ceramic material.

11. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the closure means (41) is designed such that during the opening of the container outlet (19) for nitrogen the container inlet (15) for scavenging air is opened at least for a short time.

12. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein at least two containers (11) capable of being reciprocally charged with compressed air and scavenging air are provided.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the closure means (41) consists partly or entirely of ceramic material.

14. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the closure means (41) is a rotary slide valve having a valve housing (61) with connections (63, 65) for the container inlets and outlets (15, 19), and a valve body (67) rotatable in the valve housing (61), which valve body is capable of being caused to rotate by a rotary drive (69).

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the valve body (67) has on a first face (70) an axial inlet bore (71) not passing through, connected via a radial bore (73) to a first groove (75) on the periphery of the valve body (67), and that the first groove (75) communicates in an opened position with the connection (65) for the container inlet (15) for compressed air and scavenging air.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that on a second face (79) of the valve body (67) an axial outlet bore (81) not passing through is provided, said bore being connected via a radial bore (83) to a second groove (85) on the periphery of the valve body (67), and that the second groove (85) communicates in an opened position with the connection (63) for the container outlet (19) for nitrogen.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the outlet bore (81), its associated radial bore (83) and the connection (63) for the container outlet (19) for nitrogen have a larger cross sectional area than the inlet bore (71), its associated radial bore (73) and the connection (65) for the container inlet (15) for compressed air and scavenging air, and that the second groove (85) has a larger axial width than the first groove (75).

18. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the peripheral positions of the grooves (75, 85) are coordinated with one another such that at first, solely the first groove (75) is in an opened position and subsequently, solely the second groove (85) is in an opened position, and prior to the complete closing of the second groove (85), the first groove (75) is again in an opened position.

19. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that a d.c. motor is provided as the rotary drive (69) of the valve body (67).

20. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a check valve (20) is provided at the container outlet (23) for oxygen-enriched air.

21. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by a pressure adjusting device (53) for setting the value of the internal container pressure at which the chamber (27) is opened.

22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the pressure adjusting device (53) is a mechanical prestressing device connected to the wall (51) of the container (11).