Glazing unit and a method for its manufacture

• US 5,593,784 A
• Filed: 11/22/1994
• Issued: 01/14/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 11/23/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Glaverbel
• Original Assignee: Glaverbel
• Inventors: Chinzi, Calogero
• Primary Examiner(s): SANDERS, KRIELLION ANTIONETTE
• Application Number:
  US08/347,148
• Time in Patent Office: 784 Days
• Field of Search: 428/413, 428/448, 428/451, 428/523, 428/480
• US Class Current: 428/413
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10036 comprising two outer glass sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10045 with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10055 with at least one intermediate air space
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10302 Edge sealing
• CPC Class Codes: B61D 25/00 Window arrangements peculiar to rail vehicles vehicle window arrangements in general B60J; cleaning vehicle windows B60S; heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas H05B3/84
• CPC Class Codes: E06B 3/5427 the panes mounted flush with the surrounding frame or with the surrounding panes E06B3/5436 takes precedence; supporting structures for curtain walls E04B2/885
• CPC Class Codes: E06B 3/6707 specially adapted for increased acoustical insulation doors, windows for insulation against noise E06B5/20
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31511 Of epoxy ether
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31667 Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers, or aldehyde or ketone condensation product
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31786 Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31938 Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon

Abstract

A glazing unit, including a composite glazing panel having a pair of vitreous sheets positioned parallel to one another and having respective marginal portions which face one another; an intervening layer which is comprised of polymeric material, which is sandwiched between the pair of vitreous sheets, and which has viscoelastic properties such that the composite glazing panel has a critical frequency of coincidence (or a lower or lowest critical frequency of coincidence if there is more than one), (φ_p) , which is greater than a critical frequency of coincidence of a notional monolithic vitreous sheet, (φ_m), the notional monolithic vitreous sheet having a shape and an area which are the same as that of the composite glazing panel and having a mass which is equal to the total mass of vitreous material in the composite glazing panel, and an adhesive material which is in contact with each vitreous sheet of the pair of vitreous sheets at at least the respective marginal portions thereof, and which is in contact with an outer face of at least one vitreous sheet of the pair of vitreous sheets at a marginal portion thereof, wherein the adhesive material exhibits, at 20° C., an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.1 MPa, as measured according to ISO 8339.

Claims

1. A glazing unit, comprising:

a composite glazing panel having a pair of vitreous sheets positioned parallel to one another and having respective marginal portions which face one another;

an intervening layer which is comprised of polymeric material, which is adhesively sandwiched between the pair of vitreous sheets, and which has viscoelastic properties such that the composite glazing panel has a critical frequency of coincidence (or a lower or lowest critical frequency of coincidence if there is more than one), (φ

_p), which is greater than a critical frequency of coincidence of a notional monolithic vitreous sheet, (φ

_m), the notional monolithic vitreous sheet having a shape and an area which are the same as that of the composite glazing panel and having a mass which is equal to the total mass of vitreous material in the composite glazing panel, and

an adhesive material which is in contact with each vitreous sheet of the pair of vitreous sheets at at least the respective marginal portions thereof, and which is in contact with an outer face of at least one vitreous sheet of the pair of vitreous sheets at a marginal portion thereof,

wherein the adhesive material exhibits, at 20°

C., an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.1 MPa, as measured according to ISO 8339.

2. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material exhibits, at 20°

C., an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.1 MPa after ageing for 500 hours in water at 55°

C.

3. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material exhibits, at 20°

C., an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.14 MPa.

4. The glazing unit according to claim 3, wherein the adhesive material exhibits an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.14 MPa after ageing in water for 1000 hours at 45°

C.

5. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material exhibits an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.1 MPa over a temperature range of -20°

C. to 55°

C.

6. The glazing unit according to claim 5, wherein the adhesive material exhibits an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.14 MPa over a temperature range of -20°

C. to 55°

C.

7. The glazing unit according to claim 6, wherein the adhesive material exhibits an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.14 MPa over a temperature range of -40°

C. to 70°

C.

8. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material exhibits a rupture strength at 20°

C. of more than 0.70 MPa and a deformation of rupture of greater than 50%.

9. The glazing unit according to claim 8, wherein the adhesive material exhibits a rupture strength of 20°

C. of at least 0.84 MPa.

10. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material has a rupture strength, and wherein the adhesive material exhibits cohesive rupture when subjected to a tensile stress in excess of the rupture strength thereof.

11. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material is selected from silicone adhesive materials.

12. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the critical frequency of coincidence of the composite glazing panel is 1.2 times the critical frequency of coincidence of the notional monolithic vitreous sheet.

13. The glazing unit according to claim 12, wherein the critical frequency of coincidence of the composite glazing panel is 1.5 times the critical frequency of coincidence of the notional monolithic vitreous sheet.

14. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the intervening layer is comprised of a polymeric material which is selected from the group consisting of polyesters, vinyl polymers, epoxy resins, and acrylic resins.

15. The glazing unit according to claim 1, which is a double-glazed unit and which further comprises a second glazing panel positioned in face-to-face spaced relationship to the composite glazing panel, wherein the adhesive material is additionally positioned in contact with the second glazing panel.

16. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein at least one portion of one of the pair of vitreous sheets overlaps an edge of the other of the pair of vitreous sheets and is an overlapping marginal portion.

17. The glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein the composite glazing panel has a periphery, and wherein the overlapping marginal portion extends around the periphery of the composite glazing panel.

18. The glazing unit according to claim 1, further comprising a rigid frame, the composite glazing panel being secured to the rigid frame with the aid of the adhesive material, which adhesive material is in contact with the rigid frame.

19. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material which is in contact with each vitreous sheet of the pair of vitreous sheets extends and is continuous with the adhesive material which is in contact with the respective marginal portions of the outer face of at least one of the vitreous sheets.

20. The glazing unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material which is in contact with each vitreous sheet of the pair of vitreous sheets is the same material as the adhesive material which is in contact with the respective marginal portions of the outer face of at least one of the vitreous sheets.

21. A method of constructing a glazing unit, comprising:

positioning a pair of vitreous sheets in face-to-face spaced relationship to each other to form a composite glazing panel having a space defined therebetween;

filling the space between said pair of vitreous sheets with an intervening layer comprised of polymeric material, wherein the intervening layer has viscoelastic properties such that a critical frequency of coincidence (or the lower or lowest critical frequency of coincidence if there is more than one) of the composite glazing panel, (φ

_p), is greater than a critical frequency of coincidence of a notional monolithic vitreous sheet, (φ

_m), the notional monolithic vitreous sheet having a shape and an area which is the same as that of the composite glazing panel and having a mass equal to the total mass of vitreous material in the composite glazing panel; and

positioning an adhesive material in contact with each vitreous sheet of the pair of vitreous sheets at at least the respective marginal portions thereof, and positioning the adhesive material in contact with an outer face of at least one vitreous sheet of the pair of vitreous sheets at a marginal portion thereof, wherein the adhesive material exhibits, at 20°

C., an elongation of not more than 12.5% when subjected to a tensile stress of 0.1 MPa, as measured according to ISO 8339.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the space between the pair of vitreous sheets is filled with a polymeric material which is a polymer precursor, and wherein the method further comprises one of causing or allowing the polymer precursor to polymerize to a polymer.

23. The method according to claim 21, further comprising disposing a ribbon of sealing material between the pair of vitreous sheets adjacent the periphery thereof, the ribbon having at least one interruption to enable introduction of a material which is one of a polymer or a polymer precursor by injection thereof into the space between the pair of vitreous sheets, the ribbon delimiting the area occupied by the polymeric material in the composite panel.

24. The method according to claim 23, further comprising closing the interruption in the ribbon of sealing material after the injection of polymer or polymer precursor by introducing further sealing material.

25. The method according to claim 21, further comprising positioning the pair of vitreous sheets relative to each other so that at least one portion of one of the pair of vitreous sheets overlaps an edge of the other of the pair of vitreous sheets.

26. The method according to claim 21, further comprising positioning a second glazing panel in face-to-face spaced relationship to the composite glazing panel, thereby to form a double-glazed unit, and wherein the adhesive material is positioned in contact with the second glazing panel.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the adhesive of the double glazed unit and the adhesive in contact with the pair of vitreous sheets of the composite glazing panel are positioned in the same step.