Recombinant lead-acid cell and long life battery
First Claim
1. A lead-acid cell comprising:
- a. a case;
b. positive and negative plates within said case, at least one of said positive plates comprising;
i. a grid comprising;
(1) an outer peripheral member of polygonal cross-section;
(2) a plurality of elongated polygonal cross-section members extending between spaced apart portions of said peripheral member;
(3) said elongated polygonal cross-section members intersecting within said outer peripheral polygonal cross-section member to define an open lattice including adjacent lattice paste holding confinements offset from and communicating with one another transversely to said grid, for holding paste to form said grid;
(4) at least one intermediate member of polygonal cross section extending between spaced apart sections of said outer peripheral polygonal cross-section member and connecting said elongated polygonal cross-section members together at positions intermediate respective extremities thereof;
(5) said elongated polygonal cross-section members having common length sides;
(6) said polygon of said intermediate member having at least two more sides than polygons of said elongated members andii. pasted active material in said lattice; and
c. electrolyte within said case.
3 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A lead-acid cell includes a case, positive and negative plates within the case, microporous separator material between adjacent plates and electrolyte in a starved amount, with the case having jar and covers joined by a weldment along overlapping cover and jars. The positive plates include a grid frame with an intermediate member extending between spaced apart generally peripheral portions of the frame, with pasted active material on the grid frame separated substantially into two portions by the intermediate member. Compressive force is adjustably continuously applied to the positive and negative plates within the case. The plates are suspended within the case at positions removed from the wall of the case, while plate growth is permitted in a manner that plate shorting is avoided.
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Citations
99 Claims
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1. A lead-acid cell comprising:
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a. a case; b. positive and negative plates within said case, at least one of said positive plates comprising; i. a grid comprising; (1) an outer peripheral member of polygonal cross-section; (2) a plurality of elongated polygonal cross-section members extending between spaced apart portions of said peripheral member; (3) said elongated polygonal cross-section members intersecting within said outer peripheral polygonal cross-section member to define an open lattice including adjacent lattice paste holding confinements offset from and communicating with one another transversely to said grid, for holding paste to form said grid; (4) at least one intermediate member of polygonal cross section extending between spaced apart sections of said outer peripheral polygonal cross-section member and connecting said elongated polygonal cross-section members together at positions intermediate respective extremities thereof; (5) said elongated polygonal cross-section members having common length sides; (6) said polygon of said intermediate member having at least two more sides than polygons of said elongated members and ii. pasted active material in said lattice; and c. electrolyte within said case. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A lead-acid cell comprising:
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a. a case; b. positive and negative plates within said case, at least one of said positive plates comprising; i. a planar grid comprising; (1) an outer peripheral member defining a grid plane; (2) a plurality of elongated members extending between spaced apart portions of said peripheral member; (3) said elongated members intersecting within said outer peripheral member to define an open lattice for holding paste to form said grid; (4) intermediate member(s) of cross sectional area substantially at least twice that of said elongated members extending between spaced apart sections of said peripheral member in sufficient number for restraining corrosive growth of said grid to about five percent over a preselected time in direction of extension of said intermediate member(s); and ii. pasted active material within said lattice; and c. electrolyte within said case.
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18. A grid adapted for fabrication of an electrochemically active plate for use in a lead-acid cell, comprising:
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a. a plurality of elongated members defining a paste support lattice; b. at least one reinforcing member connecting at least some of said plurality of elongated members together at positions intermediate respective extremities thereof; c. a second reinforcing member connecting additional ones of said plurality of elongated members together at positions intermediate respective extremities thereof, remotely from said first reinforcing member, being of larger cross-section than said elongated past support members and being of larger cross-section than said elongated members; d. said reinforcing members being of the same cross-sectional area; e. said first and second reinforcing members being parallel; f. said reinforcing member being transverse to said connected elongated members; g. said elongated members extending in two different directions transverse to one another; h. said reinforcing member extending in one of said two different directions; i. said grid further including a peripheral reinforcing member extending around the grid outer periphery with said elongated members and said first and second reinforcing members terminating in said peripheral reinforcing member.
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19. A grid adapted for fabrication of an electrochemically active plate for use in a lead-acid cell, comprising:
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a. a plurality of elongated members defining a paste support lattice; b. at least one reinforcing member connecting at least some of said plurality of elongated members together at positions intermediate respective extremities thereof; c. a second reinforcing member connecting additional ones of said plurality of elongated members together at positions intermediate respective extremities thereof, remotely from said first reinforcing member. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. A lead-acid cell comprising:
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a. a case; b. positive and negative plates within said case, at least one of said positive plates comprising; i. a grid comprising; (1) an outer rectangular peripheral member of hexagonal cross-section; (2) a first plurality of diamond cross-section elongated members extending in a first direction between first and second spaced apart portions of said peripheral member; (3) alternating first and second pluralities of equilateral triangular cross-section elongated members extending in a second direction transversely to said first direction between third and fourth spaced apart portions of said peripheral member, said first and second pluralities of triangular cross section members having bases of their respective triangular cross sections co-planar and with vertices opposite from said bases respectively extending in opposite directions; (4) intermediate members of the same hexagonal cross section as said peripheral member, having corresponding coplanar top and bottom surfaces therewith and extending between said separated spaced portions of said outer peripheral cross-section member intermediate respective extremities thereof to define rectangular grid subsections bounded by hexagonal cross section members; (5) said hexagon, diamond and triangular shapes having common slant height along single slanted sides; (6) planar surfaces of said hexagonal shape being co-planar with top and bottom vertices of said diamond shape and with said triangular vertices opposite from said triangle bases; (7) said slant surfaces of said triangles being parallel with selected slant surfaces of said diamond and said hexagon shapes; (8) said slant surfaces of said diamond shape being parallel with slant surfaces of said hexagon shape; and (9) said elongated diamond cross-sectional members intersecting with said elongated triangular cross-section members of said respective pluralities within said grid subsections to define an open lattice of adjacent slant-sided outwardly opening paste holding confinements transversely offset from one another at said base plane of said triangular members and communicating with one another perpendicularly to said grid across said base plane of said triangular members, for holding paste to form said plate; ii. pasted active material in said lattice; and c. electrolyte within said case.
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30. A grid for a lead acid cell plate, comprising:
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a. an outer rectangular peripheral member of hexagonal cross-section; b. a first plurality of diamond cross-section elongated members extending in a first direction between first and second spaced apart portions of said peripheral member; c. alternating first and second pluralities of equilateral triangular cross-section elongated members extending in a second direction transversely to said first direction between third and fourth spaced apart portions of said peripheral member, said first and second pluralities of triangular cross section members having bases of their respective triangular cross sections co-planar and with vertices opposite from said bases respectively extending in opposite directions;
p1 d. intermediate members of the same hexagonal cross section as said peripheral member, having corresponding coplanar top and bottom surfaces therewith and extending between said separated spaced portions of said outer peripheral cross-section member intermediate respective extremities thereof to define rectangular grid subsections bounded by hexagonal cross section members;e. said hexagon, diamond and triangular shapes having common slant height along single slanted sides; f. planar surfaces of said hexagonal shape being co-planar with top and bottom vertices of said diamond shape and with said triangular vertices opposite from said triangle bases; g. said slant surfaces of said triangles being parallel with selected slant surfaces of said diamond and said hexagon shapes; h. said slant surfaces of said diamond shape being parallel with slant surfaces of said hexagon shape; and i. said elongated diamond cross-sectional members intersecting with said elongated triangular cross-section members of said respective pluralities within said grid subsections to define an open lattice of adjacent slant-sided outwardly opening paste holding confinements transversely offset from one another at said base plane of said triangular members and communicating with one another perpendicularly to said grid across said base plane of said triangular members, for holding paste to form said plate.
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31. A lead-acid cell comprising:
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a. a case; b. positive and negative plates within said case, at least one of said positive plates comprising; i. a grid comprising; (1) an outer peripheral member of first polygonal cross-section; (2) a plurality of second polygonal cross-section members extending between spaced apart portions of said peripheral member; (3) a plurality of third polygonal cross-section members extending between second spaced apart portions of said peripheral member; (4) intermediate members of the same polygonal cross section as said peripheral member, extending between said spaced apart portions of said outer peripheral cross-section member to define grid subsections bounded by first polygonal cross section members; and (5) said second and third polygonal cross-section members intersecting to define an open lattice of adjacent alternately outwardly opening paste holding confinements adjoiningly transversely offset from and communicating with one another perpendicularly to a plane defined by said peripheral member for holding paste to form said plate; ii. pasted active material in said lattice confinements; and c. electrolyte within said case. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. A grid for a lead acid cell plate, comprising:
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a. an outer peripheral member of first polygonal cross-section; b. a plurality of second polygonal cross-section members extending between spaced apart portions of said peripheral member; c. a plurality of third polygonal cross-section members extending between second spaced apart portions of said peripheral member; d. intermediate members of the same polygonal cross section as said peripheral member, extending between said spaced apart portions of said outer peripheral cross-section member to define grid subsections bounded by first polygonal cross section members; and e. said second and third polygonal cross-section members intersecting to define an open lattice of adjacent alternately outwardly opening paste holding confinements adjoiningly transversely offset from and communicating with one another transversely to a plane defined by said peripheral member for holding paste to form said plate. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52)
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53. A long-life, recombinant lead-acid cell comprising:
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a. a longitudinally elongated case; b. a plurality of longitudinally elongated positive and negative plates of substantially alternating polarities within said case, at least one of said positive plates comprising; i. a grid comprising; (1) an outer peripheral member of first cross-section; (2) a plurality of smaller cross-section members extending between spaced-apart portions of said peripheral member and intersecting to define an open lattice of adjacent confinements for holding paste to form said plate; (3) intermediate members of greater cross-section than said smaller members, extending between said spaced-apart portions of said peripheral member to define grid subsections bounded by said peripheral member, for resisting transverse flexure of said peripheral member as said plate grows due to corrosion; ii. pasted active material in said lattice confinements; c. microporous glass mat separators between adjacent ones of said plates of opposite polarities; and d. electrolyte within said separators. - View Dependent Claims (54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78)
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79. A grid for a lead acid cell plate adapted for use in a longlife, recombinant lead-acid cell, comprising:
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a. an outer peripheral member of first cross-section; b. a plurality of smaller cross-section members extending between spaced-apart portions of said peripheral member and intersecting to define an open lattice of adjacent paste-holding confinements for holding paste to form said plate; c. intermediate members of greater cross-section than said smaller members, extending between said spaced-apart portions of said peripheral member to define grid subsections bounded by said peripheral member, for resisting transverse flexure of said peripheral member as said grid, after pasting to provide said plate, grows due to corrosion. - View Dependent Claims (80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99)
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Specification