Virtual retinal display with fiber optic point source

• US 5,596,339 A
• Filed: 05/09/1995
• Issued: 01/21/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Washington University In St Louis
• Original Assignee: University of Washington
• Inventors: Furness, Thomas A. III, Melville, Charles D., Tidwell, Michael R.
• Primary Examiner(s): BRIER, JEFFERY A
• Application Number:
  US08/437,818
• Time in Patent Office: 623 Days
• Field of Search: 345/7-9, 348/53, 359/630, 340/980
• US Class Current: 345/8
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0116 comprising devices for correcting chromatic aberration
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0118 comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0132 comprising binocular systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0138 comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0187 slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0198 System for aligning or maintaining alignment of an image in a predetermined direction
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/10 Scanning systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/017 Head mounted
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/001 using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background slide projectors per se G03B23/00 = 42 HP
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/3129 scanning a light beam on the display screen scanning a light beam on a screen in displays other than projection devices G09G3/02; scanning systems in general G02B26/10; projectors using laser light sources in general H04N9/3161

Abstract

A virtual retinal display utilizes photon generation and manipulation to create a panoramic, high resolution, color virtual image that is projected directly onto the retina of the eye. The virtual retinal display includes a source of photons, the photons being modulated with video information and scanned by a scanning system in a raster type of pattern directly onto the retina of the user'"'"'s eye. A single, monofilament optical fiber of very small diameter couples light from the photon generator to the scanning system so as to provide to the scanning system a point source of light at the fiber'"'"'s exit aperture. The photon generator may utilize coherent or non-coherent light. Further, the photon generator may utilize color light emitters so as to scan a colored virtual image directly onto the retina of the user'"'"'s eye.

Claims

1. A virtual image display system comprising:

a source of light, said light being modulated video information;

a scanning system for scanning said light onto a retina of a user'"'"'s eye; and

a single, monofilament optical fiber having an entrance aperture and an exit aperture, said optical fiber coupling light from said source to said scanning system to provide a point source of light at the exit aperture of said optical fiber.

2. A virtual image display system of claim 1 wherein said source of light includes a laser.

3. A virtual image display system of claim 1 wherein said source of light includes a light emitting diode.

4. A virtual image display system of claim 1 wherein said source of light has an area of light emission;

and the exit aperture of said optical fiber has an area that is smaller in size than said light emission area of the light source.

5. A virtual image display system of claim 1 wherein said source of light includes a red light emitter, a blue light emitter and a green light emitter;

and a light combining system for combining light from each of said red, blue and green light emitters.

6. A virtual image display system of claim 5 wherein light output from said combining system is coupled to the entrance aperture of said optical fiber.

7. A virtual image display system of claim 5 wherein at least one of said light emitters is directly modulated with said video information.

8. A virtual image display system of claim 1 wherein said source of light is a source of coherent light.

9. A virtual image display system of claim 1 wherein said source of light is a source of non-coherent light.

10. A virtual image display system of claim 1 including a lens disposed between said source of light and said entrance aperture of said optical fiber to focus light from said source onto said entrance aperture.

11. A virtual image display system of claim 1 wherein the entrance aperture of said optical fiber directly abuts said source of light.

12. A virtual image display system of claim 1 including a lens disposed between the exit aperture of said optical fiber and said scanning system to couple light from said exit aperture to said scanning system.

13. A virtual image display system of claim 12 wherein said lens converges light to form an image plane between an output of said scanning system and the user'"'"'s eye.

14. A virtual image display system of claim 12 including a single lens disposed between an output of said scanning system and the user'"'"'s eye.

15. A virtual image display system of claim 5 including means coupled to the output of at least one of said light emitters for modulating said light with video information.

16. A virtual image display system comprising:

a source of non-coherent light, said source having an area of light emission and said light being modulated with video information;

a scanning system for scanning said non-coherent light onto a retina of a user'"'"'s eye;

a single, monofilament optical fiber having an entrance aperture and an exit aperture, said optical fiber coupling light from said source to said scanning system and said exit aperture being smaller than the area of light emission of said source.

17. A virtual image display system of claim 16 wherein said source of light includes a light emitting diode.

18. A virtual image display system of claim 17 wherein said light emitting diode is directly modulated with said video information.

19. A virtual image display system of claim 16 wherein said source of light includes a red light emitter, a blue light emitter and a green light emitter;

and a light combining system for combining light from each of said red, blue and green light emitters.

20. A virtual image display system of claim 19 wherein light output from said combining system is coupled to the entrance aperture of said optical fiber.

21. A virtual image display system of claim 16 including a lens disposed between said source of light and said entrance aperture of said optical fiber to focus light from said source onto said entrance aperture.

22. A virtual image display system of claim 16 wherein the entrance aperture of said optical fiber directly abuts said source of light.

23. A virtual image display system of claim 16 including a lens disposed between the exit aperture of said optical fiber and said scanning system to couple light from said exit aperture to said scanning system.

24. A virtual image display system of claim 23 wherein said lens converges light to form an image plane between an output of said scanning system and the user'"'"'s eye.

25. A virtual image display system of claim 23 including a single lens disposed between an output of said scanning system and the user'"'"'s eye.

26. A virtual image display system of claim 19 including an individual optical fiber portion associated with each of said red, blue and green light emitters.

27. A method of generating a virtual image comprising:

modulating light emitted from a source of light with video information;

positioning an entrance aperture of a single monofilament optical fiber relative to said source of light to couple light from said source to an exit aperture of said optical fiber;

positioning a lens adjacent to said exit aperture of said optical fiber to receive light therefrom; and

scanning light from said lens onto a retina of a user'"'"'s eye to form an image of said video information on the retina.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein said lens positioning step positions said lens at a distance from said exit aperture of the optical fiber to cause said lens to converge light at an image plane on which said light is scanned, said image plane being outside of the user'"'"'s eye.

29. The method of claim 27 wherein said light is emitted from a laser.

30. The method of claim 27 wherein said light is emitted from a light emitting diode.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein said entrance aperture of the optical fiber abuts said light emitting diode.

32. The method of claim 27 wherein said modulating step includes emitting a red light;

modulating said red light with red video information;

emitting a blue light;

modulating said blue light with blue video information;

emitting a green light;

modulating said green light with green video information;

combining said modulated red light, blue light and green light to form the light emitted from said light source; and

wherein said optical fiber positioning step includes positioning the entrance aperture of said optical fiber to receive said combined red, blue and green light.