Method and system for analyzing a two phase flow

• US 5,600,073 A
• Filed: 11/02/1994
• Issued: 02/04/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Foster-Miller Incorporated (Thermo Fisher Scientific Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Foster-Miller Incorporated (Thermo Fisher Scientific Incorporated)
• Inventors: Hill, Wayne S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chilcot, Richard
• Assistant Examiner(s): THOMPSON, JEWEL VERGIE
• Application Number:
  US08/333,213
• Time in Patent Office: 825 Days
• Field of Search: 73/23.2, 73/24.01, 73/24.04, 73/29.01, 73/30.03, 73/861.04
• US Class Current: 73/861.04
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 5/28 for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 1/002 wherein the flow is in an open channel
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 1/666 by detecting noise and sounds generated by the flowing fluid
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 1/667 Arrangements of transducers for ultrasonic flowmeters; Circuits for operating ultrasonic flowmeters
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 1/74 Devices for measuring flow of a fluid or flow of a fluent solid material in suspension in another fluid
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02818 Density, viscosity
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02836 Flow rate, liquid level
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/0423 Surface waves, e.g. Rayleigh waves, Love waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/036 by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/14 using acoustic emission techniques echo of particles G01N29/046; measuring mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in solids in general G01H1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/2425 optoacoustic fluid cells therefor
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/42 by frequency filtering or by tuning to resonant frequency
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/4481 Neural networks
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/48 by amplitude comparison
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/64 Three-dimensional objects

Abstract

A method of and system for analyzing a two-phase flow in a conduit in which acoustic energy is transmitted through a conduit and into the flow therein; return echoes are detected, one or more flow indicator quantities are computed from the return echoes; and the mass flow rate and/or the flow quality is determined from the computed flow indicator quantities.

Claims

1. A method of analyzing a two-phase flow in a conduit comprising:

transmitting acoustic energy through the conduit and into the flow therein;

detecting return echoes;

computing from the return echoes, one or more flow indicator quantities derived from the return echoes; and

determining, from said computed flow indicator quantities, at least one of mass flow rate and flow quality.

2. The method in claim 1 in which said flow indicator quantities are selected from one or more of an average number of good thickness readings, an average change in sequential good readings, and an average fraction of the total readings that are good readings, wherein a good reading is defined as a detected return echo, which is assumed to be indicative of the thickness of liquid flow in the conduit.

3. The method of claim 2 further including calculating the quantity of the average absolute value change in sequential good readings divided by an average number of good readings for discriminating between mass flow and quality.

4. The method of claim 2 in which said flow indicator quantities further include the RMS of good thickness readings, the RMS change in sequential good readings, an average number of good readings in a row, an average number of bad readings in a row, and the characteristic autocorrelation time.

5. The method of claim 1 in which the step of determining includes matching a number of said flow indicator quantities with known flow conditions for estimating the mass flow and quality of the two phase flow in the conduit.

6. The method of claim 5 in which the step of matching includes using a neural network trained to match a number of said flow indicator quantities with known flow conditions to estimate mass flow and quality.

7. The method of claim 2 in which the step of computing includes obtaining data in the form of the average number of good thickness readings in a row compared to flow quality and an average change in sequential good readings compared to flow quality.

8. A system for analyzing a two phase flow in conduit comprising:

means for transmitting acoustic energy through the conduit and into the flow therein;

means for detecting return echoes;

means for computing, from the return echoes, one or more flow indicator quantities;

means, responsive to said means for computing, for determining one of the flow quality and the mass flow rate base on said flow indicator quantities.

9. The system of claim 8 in which said means for transmitting acoustic energy includes a plurality of transducers axially coupled to the conduit.

10. The system of claim 9 in which said means for transmitting acoustic energy further includes means for firing said transducers sequentially.

11. The system of claim 8 in which said means for detecting return echoes evaluates return echoes indicative of the thickness of the liquid flow in the conduit.

12. The system of claim 11 in which said means for computing calculates one or more of the following flow indicator quantities:

the average number of good thickness readings, the average change in sequential good readings, and the average fraction of the total readings that are good readings, wherein a good reading is defined as a detected return echo, assumed indicative of the thickness of liquid flow in the conduit.

13. The system of claim 12 in which means for computing calculates the quantity of the average absolute value change in sequential good readings divided by the average number of good readings for discriminating between mass flow and quality.

14. The system of claim 12 in which said flow indicator quantities further include the RMS of good thickness readings, the RMS change in sequential good readings, the average number of good readings in a row, the average number of bad readings in a row, and the characteristic autocorrelation time.

15. The system of claim 12 in which said means for determining includes a neural network which takes as input one or more of said calculated flow indicator quantities and applies a pattern matching algorithm to predict one of the flow quality and the mass flow based on actual flow qualities and mass flow rates patterns learned by the neural network.

16. A method of analyzing a two phase flow in a conduit comprising:

employing sensing means with a conduit having a two-phase flow therein;

operating said sensing means to detect a plurality of flow indicator quantities representative of the flow in the conduit;

determining, from a number of said flow indicator quantities, at least one of the flow rate and the flow quality.

17. The method of claim 16 in which determining includes comparing a number of said flow indicator quantities with known flow conditions.

18. A system for analyzing a two phase flow in a conduit, said system comprising:

sensor means, in communication with said conduit, for detecting a plurality of flow indicator quantities representative of the flow in the conduit; and

means responsive to a number of said flow indication quantities, for determining at least one of the flow rate and the flow quantity.

19. The system of claim 18 in which said means for determining includes means for comparing a number of said flow indicator quantities with known flow conditions.

20. The system of claim 18 including means, responsive to said sensor means, for measuring average film thickness.

21. The system of claim 18 including means, responsive to said sensor means, for measuring variations in flow conditions.

22. The system of claim 21 in which said means for measuring variations in flow conditions includes means for measuring the presence of waves in the flow.

23. The system of claim 22 in which said means for measuring the presence of waves in the flow includes means for detecting the time of passage of a wave in the flow and the amplitude of the wave.