Controller for electric vehicle

• US 5,600,215 A
• Filed: 07/07/1995
• Issued: 02/04/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 07/07/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Engineering Company Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.), Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Engineering Company Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.), Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Obara, Sanshiro, Yamada, Hiroyuki, Naito, Shotaro
• Primary Examiner(s): Martin, David S.
• Application Number:
  US08/499,135
• Time in Patent Office: 578 Days
• Field of Search: 318/139, 318/432, 318/434, 180/65.1-65.8
• US Class Current: 318/139
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2045 for optimising the use of energy
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/36 with automatic control superimposed, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

The invention provides an electric vehicle controller in which the generated motor torque is limited when the voltage of the vehicle battery decreases during running, in order to suppress over-discharge of the battery. A high torque can be obtained for a short period, however, even in the torque limiting period, and over-discharge is prevented by stopping electric power converting means in a final stage of discharge voltage of the battery. According to the invention, during operation of the vehicle, the battery terminal voltage is monitored and compared with a first comparison value V₁. If the battery voltage falls below V₁, a first counter commences measurement of the time period during which this condition continues. If the time period measured by the first counter reaches a preset value t₁, torque limitation is initiated. In the torque limitation state, a torque command signal, generated by the control to operate the vehicle motor, is compared with the signal generated by the vehicle accelerator, and the signal having the lower value is thereafter used to control operation of the vehicle motor. In order to provide the capability to generate higher levels of torque for brief periods during torque limitation, the torque limitation process is terminated if the accelerator pedal is released completely.

Claims

1. A controller for a battery powered electric vehicle of the type in which a torque command signal corresponding to an extent of actuation of an accelerator input device controls a motor for driving the vehicle in response to the torque command signal, which controller comprises:

a comparator coupled to receive and compare a terminal voltage of said battery and a preset first comparison voltage;

first clock means for measuring a first elapsed time during a period when said terminal voltage is smaller than the first comparison voltage, and for detecting when the first elapsed time exceeds a first preset time period;

calculation means for producing a torque limiting command signal having a value which decreases to a set lower limit value according to a predetermined pattern, starting at the time when said first clock means detects that said first elapsed time exceeds said first preset time period;

means for comparing said torque command signal with said torque limiting command signal and for selecting the smaller thereof; and

means for controlling operation of the vehicle motor in response to the selected signal.

2. Controller according to claim 1 further comprising:

a comparator coupled to receive and compare said terminal voltage of said battery with a preset second comparison voltage; and

means for terminating operation of an electric power converter for supplying electric power to said motor after said terminal voltage falls below said second comparison voltage.

3. Controller according to claim 2 wherein said means for terminating operation comprises:

second clock means for measuring a second elapsed time during a period when said terminal voltage is smaller than said second comparison voltage, and for generating a blocking signal commencing when said second elapsed time exceeds said second preset time period; and

means for interrupting transmission of said selected signal to control said motor when said blocking signal is being generated.

4. Controller according to claim 1 further comprising means for cancelling said torque limiting command signal when the extent of actuation of said accelerator operation inputting device becomes zero.

5. Controller according to claim 1 wherein the predetermined pattern for decreasing the torque limiting command signal is determined so as to suppress the deterioration of driving feeling of the vehicle.

6. Controller according to claim 1 wherein said lower limit value of said torque limiting command signal is sequentially up-dated in response to a number of iterations of the torque limiting command signal, counted from the time when the command signal is initially produced.

7. Method for controlling a battery powered motor vehicle having an accelerator input device, a vehicle battery, an electric motor, and an electric power converter for supplying electric power to the vehicle motor in response to a torque command signal, said method comprising the steps of:

generating a desired torque command signal in response to an extent of actuation of said accelerator input device;

comparing a terminal voltage of said vehicle battery with a preset first comparison voltage;

measuring a first elapsed time during a period when said terminal voltage is smaller than the first comparison voltage;

detecting when the first elapsed time exceeds a first preset time period;

generating a torque limiting command signal having a value which decreases to a set lower limit according to a predetermined pattern, starting when the first elapsed time signal exceeds said first preset time period;

comparing magnitude of said desired torque command signal and said torque limiting command signal;

selecting a smaller of said desired torque command signal and said torque limiting command signal; and

supplying said selected smaller signal as said torque command signal to control operation of said electric power converter.

8. Method according to claim 7 further comprising the steps of:

comparing said terminal voltage of said battery with a preset second comparison value; and

terminating operation of said electric power converter after said terminal voltage falls below said second comparison voltage.

9. Method according to claim 8 wherein said terminating step comprises:

measuring a second elapsed time during a period when said terminal voltage is smaller than said second comparison value;

generating a blocking signal commencing when said second elapsed time exceeds a second preset time period; and

interrupting supplying of said torque command signal to said electric power converter when said blocking signal is being generated.

10. Method according to claim 7 comprising the further step of:

cancelling said torque limiting command signal when the extent of actuation of said accelerator input device becomes zero.