Detection of concealed explosives and contraband

• US 5,600,303 A
• Filed: 06/06/1995
• Issued: 02/04/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Technology International Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Technology International Incorporated
• Inventors: Stevens, Edwin D., Sabri, Zeinab A., Husseiny, Abdo A.
• Primary Examiner(s): MULLEN, THOMAS J
• Application Number:
  US08/471,680
• Time in Patent Office: 609 Days
• Field of Search: 340/568, 340/551, 340/691, 340/331, 340/825.31, 340/825.32, 340/825.34, 109/3-8, 382/103, 348/156, 348/161, 378/57, 378/86, 378/98.2
• US Class Current: 340/568.1
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 11/12 Means for clearing land minefields; Systems specially adapted for detection of landmines
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 11/136 Magnetic, electromagnetic, acoustic or radiation systems, e.g. ground penetrating radars or metal-detectors
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 23/04 and forming images of the material
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 23/203 Measuring back scattering
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 23/207 Diffractometry using detectors, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 11/00 Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/222 measuring scattered radiation
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/234 Measuring induced radiation, e.g. thermal neutron activation analysis
• CPC Class Codes: G07B 15/00 Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points handling coins or valuable papers, e.g. banknotes, G07D; apparatus for vending or hiring articles or services activated by coins, credit cards, paper currency or the like G07F7/00, G07F17/00

Abstract

The invention is a detector for detection of concealed explosives, drugs and contraband using x-rays imaging and powder pattern techniques and ultrasonics. In case of inspection of carry-on baggage a combination of computer-aided x-ray transmission imaging and x-ray diffraction analysis is used to screen, confirm and localize threats. The x-ray transmission is used to segregate dense baggage and cargo which are inspected by x-ray backscatter imaging to identify suspicious objects. All suspicious objects are carefully analyzed by x-ray diffraction. In another embodiment a slow processing system uses diffraction for identification of threats and x-ray radiography for localization of the objects. In case of drugs concealed in compartments aboard marine vessels or air crafts a hand-held x-ray system is disclosed which can be used in three modes of operation: x-ray transmission, x-ray backscatter, or x-ray diffraction dependent on the architecture of the compartment. In case of buried mines an oscillating dual-energy x-ray backscatter imaging is used for antipersonnel mines and a combination of x-ray backscatter imaging and prompt gamma detectors is used for antivehicle and antiaircraft mines. Ultrasonic detectors are disclosed for detection of explosives on persons. Also, a tracking system based on bar-code identification system and a central computer is disclosed for baggage.

Claims

1. A method of screening individuals for contraband at security check points, comprising:

providing each individual with an identification code;

directing the individual through at least a first detection station;

detecting the presence of metallic objects with at least one detector at said first detection station;

providing comparison images of known contraband in a database;

converting signals received from said detector to images indicative of a detected object;

processing said detected images and said identification for each individual;

comparing said detected images with said comparison images;

annunciating the presence of contraband if a match is found;

directing the individual to a second detection station;

subjecting the individual to ultrasonic interrogation at said second detection station for detecting non-metallic contraband;

determining whether irregularities in a body surface of the individual are present;

clearing the individual if no irregularities are found; and

annunciating the presence of contraband and segregating the individual if irregularities are found.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of scanning said identification code of said individuals for prerecorded information.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein each annunciation includes sounding an audible alarm indicating a cleared or uncleared status for each individual.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein each annunciation further comprises visual indication of the presence of contraband on each individual.