Conical microstrip antenna prepared on flat substrate and method for its preparation
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A microstrip antenna which can be carried by a frustum of a cone, said cone having a height H, a half-angle α
- at the apex, and a base with a corresponding circular reference line of radius R, said frustum of said cone having a height Ho and sharing said base and said circular reference line with said cone, said microstrip antenna comprising;
a layer of dielectric material disposed on said frustum and having a first surface and a second surface;
a conductive layer, complementary with said second surface of said layer of dielectric material for forming a ground plane;
an annular succession of N radiating patches made of a conductive metal disposed on said first surface and divided into S identical sub-arrays of radiating patches, each sub-array of radiating patches, of said S identical sub-arrays of radiating patches, having radiating patches which are shaped so that said radiating patches resonate in a predetermined frequency band having a center frequency Fo ; and
at least one feed array for each said S identical subarrays of radiating patches, each feed array, of said at least one feed array, comprising;
a common point, each said at least one feed array connecting said radiating patches of said at least one sub-array of radiating patches to said common point; and
conductive lines, said conductive lines having lengths for forming a tree-structure array of dividers such that said lengths of said conductive lines between said common point and said radiating patches are substantially identical in length to within c/(Fo √
.di-elect cons.e) where c is the speed of light and .di-elect cons.e is the effective dielectric constant of a propagation medium constituted by a dielectric substrate and said conductive lines, said tree-structure array of dividers being formed on the same said surface of said layer of dielectric material that said conductive metal of said radiating patches is formed, said tree-structure array of dividers having n stages, each stage i of said n stages having at least one divider of said dividers, all said dividers which are within a same stage of said n stages being of the same order, each divider of said at least one divider within said stage i of said n stages comprising an integer number of substantially identical straight line segments with equal angles γ
2 between said straight line segments when developed onto a flat surface, all said dividers within said stage i approximating arcs of a common circle which is concentric with a circular arc formed by said circular reference line when developed onto a flat surface, said straight line segments of said stage i of said n stages each having a length Δ
Lai and each of two said straight line segments which are adjacent to each other having an angle γ
i between them such that
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Na.sub.i =La.sub.i /Δ
La.sub.i, said Nai being an integer number of said straight line segments for said stage i, said integer number being equal to or greater than 1, where
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">La.sub.i =2π
sin(α
) Ra.sub.i 2.sup.δ
3 /[S(2.sup.i-m 3.sup.m)], said δ
3 being Chronecker'"'"'s symbol, said Chronecker'"'"'s symbol having a value equal to 1 if said stage i has at least one said divider which is of third order and said Chronecker'"'"'s symbol having a value equal to 0 if said stage i has at least one said divider which is of second order, said m being the number of stages having at least one divider which is of third order between stage 1 of n number of total stages and said stage i of said n stages, said stages having at least one divider which is of third order being counted within each identical sub-array of said S identical sub-arrays from said common point, and where ##EQU8## said p having a value equal to 1 if said feed array is under said radiating patches and said p having a value equal to -1 if said feed array is over said radiating patches, each radiating patch of said radiating patches having an edge, said h being the distance between said circular reference line of said frustum and said edge of a radiating patch of said radiating patches connected to said feed array, said hk being the height of a stage k of said n stages, said angle γ
i being equal to Δ
Lai /Rai.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A conical microstrip antenna carried by a frustum of a cone with a half-angle at the apex α, height H0 and a circular reference line of radius R, includes an annular succession of N radiating patches disposed on the frustum and divided into at least one sub-array of radiating patches connected with equal phase by a respective tree-structure feed array to the same common point, the N radiating patches being made on a dielectric material to resonate in a predetermined frequency band having a center frequency Fo. The tree-structure array is formed of n stages each including dividers of the same order, either the second order or the third order. When developed onto a flat surface, the dividers within the same stage i are made up of an integer number of substantially identical straight line segments with equal angles γ2 between them, the dividers of the same stage approximating arcs of a common circle concentric with the circular arc formed by the circular reference line in the shape developed onto a flat surface.
25 Citations
14 Claims
-
1. A microstrip antenna which can be carried by a frustum of a cone, said cone having a height H, a half-angle α
- at the apex, and a base with a corresponding circular reference line of radius R, said frustum of said cone having a height Ho and sharing said base and said circular reference line with said cone, said microstrip antenna comprising;
a layer of dielectric material disposed on said frustum and having a first surface and a second surface; a conductive layer, complementary with said second surface of said layer of dielectric material for forming a ground plane; an annular succession of N radiating patches made of a conductive metal disposed on said first surface and divided into S identical sub-arrays of radiating patches, each sub-array of radiating patches, of said S identical sub-arrays of radiating patches, having radiating patches which are shaped so that said radiating patches resonate in a predetermined frequency band having a center frequency Fo ; and at least one feed array for each said S identical subarrays of radiating patches, each feed array, of said at least one feed array, comprising; a common point, each said at least one feed array connecting said radiating patches of said at least one sub-array of radiating patches to said common point; and conductive lines, said conductive lines having lengths for forming a tree-structure array of dividers such that said lengths of said conductive lines between said common point and said radiating patches are substantially identical in length to within c/(Fo √
.di-elect cons.e) where c is the speed of light and .di-elect cons.e is the effective dielectric constant of a propagation medium constituted by a dielectric substrate and said conductive lines, said tree-structure array of dividers being formed on the same said surface of said layer of dielectric material that said conductive metal of said radiating patches is formed, said tree-structure array of dividers having n stages, each stage i of said n stages having at least one divider of said dividers, all said dividers which are within a same stage of said n stages being of the same order, each divider of said at least one divider within said stage i of said n stages comprising an integer number of substantially identical straight line segments with equal angles γ
2 between said straight line segments when developed onto a flat surface, all said dividers within said stage i approximating arcs of a common circle which is concentric with a circular arc formed by said circular reference line when developed onto a flat surface, said straight line segments of said stage i of said n stages each having a length Δ
Lai and each of two said straight line segments which are adjacent to each other having an angle γ
i between them such that
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Na.sub.i =La.sub.i /Δ
La.sub.i,said Nai being an integer number of said straight line segments for said stage i, said integer number being equal to or greater than 1, where
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">La.sub.i =2π
sin(α
) Ra.sub.i 2.sup.δ
3 /[S(2.sup.i-m 3.sup.m)],said δ
3 being Chronecker'"'"'s symbol, said Chronecker'"'"'s symbol having a value equal to 1 if said stage i has at least one said divider which is of third order and said Chronecker'"'"'s symbol having a value equal to 0 if said stage i has at least one said divider which is of second order, said m being the number of stages having at least one divider which is of third order between stage 1 of n number of total stages and said stage i of said n stages, said stages having at least one divider which is of third order being counted within each identical sub-array of said S identical sub-arrays from said common point, and where ##EQU8## said p having a value equal to 1 if said feed array is under said radiating patches and said p having a value equal to -1 if said feed array is over said radiating patches, each radiating patch of said radiating patches having an edge, said h being the distance between said circular reference line of said frustum and said edge of a radiating patch of said radiating patches connected to said feed array, said hk being the height of a stage k of said n stages, said angle γ
i being equal to Δ
Lai /Rai. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
- at the apex, and a base with a corresponding circular reference line of radius R, said frustum of said cone having a height Ho and sharing said base and said circular reference line with said cone, said microstrip antenna comprising;
-
8. Method of preparing a microstrip antenna adapted to be carried by a frustum of a cone, said cone having a height H, a half angle α
- at the apex, and a base with a corresponding circular reference line of radius R, said frustum of said cone having a height Ho and sharing said base and said reference line with said cone, said antenna including an annular succession of N radiating patches disposed on said frustum and divided into at least one sub-array of radiating patches connected by a respective feed array to the same common point, said N radiating patches being made from a conductive material on a surface of a dielectric material layer, said dielectric material layer carrying on its other surface a conductive layer forming a ground plane, and said radiating patches being shaped to resonate in a predetermined frequency band having a center frequency Fo, in which the method comprises the steps of;
choosing arbitrarily numbers S, n2 and n3 such that N=S2n2 3n3 ; dividing said N radiating patches into S sub-arrays; selecting each feed array such that the line lengths between said common point and said radiating patches of said sub-array are substantially identical to within c/(Fo √
.di-elect cons.e) wherec is the speed of light and .di-elect cons.e is the effective dielectric constant of the propagation medium constituted by the substrate and the conductive lines; forming a tree-structure array on the same surface of said dielectric material layer as said sub-array of said radiating patches, said tree-structure array is made up of n2 stages of second order dividers and n3 stages of third order dividers, in any order; and conforming said dividers within the same stage i so that each, when developed on a plane, comprises an integer number of substantially identical straight line segments with equal angles i between them, said dividers of a same stage approximating arcs of a common circle concentric with the circular arc constituted by said circular reference line when developed on said plane, a length Δ
Lai of said straight line segments of stage i and said angle γ
i between adjacent segments are such that;a) Nai =Lai /Δ
Lai is an integer number (the number of sections for stage i) greater than or equal to 1, where;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">La.sub.i =2π
sin(α
) Ra.sub.i 2.sup.δ
3 /[S(2.sup.i-m 3.sup.m)]where δ
3 is Chronecker'"'"'s symbol, which has the value 1 if stage i is a third order stage or the value 0 if stage i is a second order stage,m is the number of third order stages between said first stage and said ith stage of n number of total stages, said stages being counted from said common point, and ##EQU9## where P is 1 if said feed array is under said radiating elements and -1 if said feed array is over said radiating elements, h is the distance between said reference line of said frustum and the edge of said radiating element connected to said feed array, and hk is the height of stage k; b) said angle τ
i, the angle between two consecutive segments, is equal to Δ
Lai /Rai. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
- at the apex, and a base with a corresponding circular reference line of radius R, said frustum of said cone having a height Ho and sharing said base and said reference line with said cone, said antenna including an annular succession of N radiating patches disposed on said frustum and divided into at least one sub-array of radiating patches connected by a respective feed array to the same common point, said N radiating patches being made from a conductive material on a surface of a dielectric material layer, said dielectric material layer carrying on its other surface a conductive layer forming a ground plane, and said radiating patches being shaped to resonate in a predetermined frequency band having a center frequency Fo, in which the method comprises the steps of;
Specification
-
- Resources
Litigation Campaign Assessment
Thank you for your request. You will receive a custom alert email when the Litigation Campaign Assessment is available.
×
-
Current AssigneeAerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle
-
Original AssigneeAerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle
-
InventorsBuralli, Bernard
-
Primary Examiner(s)Le, Hoanganh T.
-
Application NumberUS08/364,482Time in Patent Office774 DaysField of Search343/700 MS, 343/705, 343/708, 343/853, 343/846, 343/795, 343/850, 29/846, 29/825, 29/847US Class Current343/700.0MSCPC Class CodesH01Q 21/065 Patch antenna arrayH01Q 21/08 the units being spaced alon...
