Intraosseous needle

• US 5,601,559 A
• Filed: 02/04/1994
• Issued: 02/11/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cook Medical Technologies, LLC (Cook Group Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Cook Incorporated (Cook Group Incorporated), University of Florida Research Foundation, Incorporated (State University System of Florida)
• Inventors: Gearen, Peter F., Molitor, Lisa, Melker, Richard J., DeBruyne, Michael P., Miller, Gary J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Brown, Michael A.
• Application Number:
  US08/192,006
• Time in Patent Office: 1,103 Days
• Field of Search: 606/53, 606/86, 606/87, 606/88, 606/185, 606/72, 606/73, 606/74, 606/79, 606/80, 604/272-274, 604/164, 604/165, 604/51, 604/93
• US Class Current: 606/79
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3472 for bones, e.g. intraosseus injections
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/864 hollow, e.g. with socket or cannulated
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/8811 characterised by the introducer tip, i.e. the part inserted into or onto the bone

Abstract

An intraosseous needle having a threaded shaft with a passageway extending substantially therethrough, a solid and pointed tip at one end thereof, the tip having a plurality of cutting edges which facilitate boring through a bone. The shaft also includes two side ports in communication with the passageway to allow fluids to pass through the needle into the interior of the Done after successful insertion thereof. There is a hub at the opposite end of the shaft, whereby the needle is adapted to couple with an appropriate gripping device. A handle is provided in the shape of a ball knob and is adapted to telescopically and grippingly receive the hub of the needle. The hub and handle are both equipped with mutually engaging torque-transmitting surfaces. Additionally, the threads of the intraosseous needle may optionally be tapered so that at least one thread at the proximal end of the threaded shaft has a greater major (and/or minor) diameter than at least one thread located at the distal end of the threaded shaft. As the needle is inserted, the tapering of the threads provides a tighter fit between the bone and the needle to prevent needle wobble and fluid leakage.

Claims

1. An intraosseous needle, comprising:

a threaded shaft having first and second opposing ends and a passageway extending from the first end toward the second end, said threaded shaft including a plurality of thread portions;

boring means for initiating penetration of said shaft into bone, said boring means formed as part of said second end;

wherein said shaft has at least one opening proximal to the second end and in communication with the passageway;

wherein said boring means is generally conical with a pointed tip;

wherein said boring means is solid and has at least two cutting edges;

wherein said at least one opening is a side port located behind said boring means;

wherein said boring means has a pair of concave indentations which define said at least two cutting edges; and

wherein at least one thread portion proximal said first end has a greater major diameter than at least one thread portion proximal said second end.

2. The intraosseous needle of claim 1 wherein the thread portion nearest to said boring means being a leading thread portion and wherein at least one of said indentations interrupts the leading thread portion.

3. The intraosseous needle of claim 2 wherein the thread portion nearest to said leading thread portion has a greater major diameter than said leading thread portion.

4. The intraosseous needle of claim 2 wherein at least one thread portion adjacent said leading thread portion has the same major diameter of said leading thread portion.

5. The intraosseous needle of claim 3 wherein there are two side ports, each of which is located between two adjacent threads.

6. The intraosseous needle of claim 5 wherein said indentations define four cutting edges which enable said needle to cut into bone by rotating said needle in any direction about said axis.

7. The intraosseous needle of claim 6 wherein each of said threads has a helix angle and a trailing angle, the trailing thread angle and helix angle being substantially equal.

8. The intraosseous needle of claim 6 wherein said pair of concave indentations create four cutting edges, two of said four cutting edges for cutting upon rotation of said shaft in one direction about the axis and the other two of said four cutting edges for cutting upon rotation of said shaft in a direction opposite to the one direction.

9. An intraosseous needle, comprising:

a threaded shaft having first and second opposing ends and a passageway extending from the first end toward the second end, said threaded shaft including a plurality of thread portions;

boring means for initiating penetration of said shaft into bone, said boring means formed as a part of said second end;

wherein said shaft has at least one opening proximal to the second end and in communication with the passageway;

wherein said boring means is generally conical with a pointed tip;

wherein said boring means is solid and has at least two cutting edges;

wherein said at least one opening side port located behind said boring means;

wherein said boring means has a pair of concave indentations which define said at least two cutting edges;

wherein at least one thread portion proximal said first end has a greater major diameter than at least one thread portion proximal said second end;

wherein the thread portion nearest to said boring means being a leading thread portion and wherein at least one of said indentations interrupts the leading thread portion; and

wherein at least one thread of said shaft initially has a major diameter of 0.150 inches and a minor diameter of 0.110 inches and wherein the major diameter of each thread decreases from said first end of said threaded shaft towards said second end by 0.020 inch per inch of shaft length.

10. An intraosseous needle, comprising:

a shaft having a plurality of threads, first and second opposing ends and a passageway extending from said first end toward said second end, said second end having a pointed tip and a plurality of cutting edges for initiating penetration of said shaft into bone; and

wherein said shaft has at least one opening proximal to said second end and in communication with said passageway;

wherein said threads define a helical ridgeline which coincides at a point with one of said cutting edges, said one of said cutting edges terminating at said point; and

wherein at least one thread proximal said first end has a greater major diameter than at least one thread proximal said second end.

11. The intraosseous needle of claim 10 wherein said second end is formed in the shape of a three sided pyramid having three edges which intersect at said pointed tip, wherein said three edges are three said cutting edges.

12. The intraosseous needle of claim 10 wherein said shaft has first and second threads that are uninterrupted by said cutting edges, said at least one opening is a first side port located between said first and second threads.

13. The intraosseous needle of claim 12 wherein said first thread has a greater major diameter than said second thread.

14. The intraosseous needle of claim 12 wherein the major diameter of said first thread is equal to the major diameter of said second thread.

15. The intraosseous needle of claim 10 wherein said at least one opening includes a second side port located between two adjacent threads and behind said second thread.

16. The intraosseous needle of claim 12 wherein said shaft defines an axis, and said second side port is further located at an angle of approximately 270°

about said axis from said first side port.

17. The intraosseous needle of claim 12 wherein said first side port is axially aligned with one of said cutting edges.

18. The intraosseous needle of claim 17 wherein said at least one opening includes a second side port located between two adjacent threads and behind said second thread.

19. The intraosseous needle of claim 18 wherein said shaft defines an axis, and said second side port is further located at an angle of approximately 270°

about said axis from said first side port.

20. The intraosseous needle of claim 17 wherein each of said threads has a thread angle of approximately 45°

.

21. An intraosseous needle, comprising:

a shaft having a plurality of threads, first and second opposing ends and a passageway extending from said first end toward said second end, said second end having a pointed tip and a plurality of cutting edges for initiating penetration of said shaft into bone; and

wherein said shaft has at least one opening proximal to said second end and in communication with said passageway;

wherein said threads define a helical ridgeline which coincides at a point with one of said cutting edges, said one of said cutting edges terminating at said point;

wherein at least one thread proximal said first end has a greater major diameter than at least one thread proximal said second end;

wherein said shaft has first and second threads that are uninterrupted by said cutting edges, said at least one opening is a first side port located between said first and second threads;

wherein said first side port is axially aligned with one of said cutting edges;

wherein each of said threads has a thread angle of approximately 45°

; and

wherein at least one thread originally has a major diameter of 0.150 inches and a minor diameter of 0.110 inches, and wherein the major diameter of said threads decreases from said first end towards said second end by 0.020 inch per inch of shaft length.

22. An intraosseous needle, comprising:

a shaft having a plurality of threads, first and second opposing ends and a passageway extending from said first end toward said second end, wherein said threads have a thread angle of approximately 45° and

define a helical ridgeline, and said second end formed in the shape of a three-sided pyramid having a pointed tip and three edges for initiating penetration of said shaft into bone;

wherein said helical ridgeline coincides at a point with a first one of said three edges to initiate engagement of said threads with the bone, said first one of said three edges terminating at said point;

wherein said shaft has a first side port and a second side port proximal to said second end and in communication with said passageway, said first side port axially aligned with a second one of said three edges of said three-sided pyramid and located between the first two adjacent said threads that are uninterrupted by said second one of said three edges, said second side port located between two adjacent said threads and situated at an angle of approximately 270°

from said first side port about an axis defined by said shaft; and

wherein a first thread proximal to said first end has a greater major diameter than a second thread proximal to said second end.

23. An intraosseous needle, comprising:

a threaded shaft having first and second opposing ends and a passageway extending from the first end toward the second end, said threaded shaft including a plurality of thread portions;

boring means for initiating penetration of said shaft into bone, said boring means formed as part of said second end;

wherein said shaft has at least one opening proximal to the second end and in communication with the passageway;

wherein said boring means is solid and has at least two cutting edges; and

wherein at least one thread portion proximal said first end has a greater major diameter than at least one thread portion proximal said second end.

24. The intraosseous needle of claim 23 wherein said at least one thread portion proximal said first end has a greater major diameter than at least first and second thread portions proximal said second end, wherein said at least first and second thread portions proximal said second end are of equal major diameter.

25. The intraosseous needle of claim 24 wherein said first and second thread portions are adjacent.

26. The intraosseous needle of claim 25 wherein said boring means has a pair of concave indentations which define said at least two cutting edges, wherein said second thread portion is adjacent a leading thread portion, and wherein at least one of said indentations interrupts the leading thread portion.

27. The intraosseous needle of claim 26 wherein said first thread portion is distal from said leading thread portion.

28. The intraosseous needle of claim 26 wherein there are two side ports, each of which is located between two adjacent threads.

29. The intraosseous needle of claim 25 wherein said first thread portion is said leading thread portion, and wherein said major diameter of said second thread portion is equal to the major diameter of said leading thread portion prior to forming said indentations.

30. The intraosseous needle of claim 23 wherein said at least one thread portion proximal said first end has a greater major diameter than at least first and second thread portions proximal said second end, wherein said first thread portion is adjacent to said second thread portion, and wherein said first thread portion has a greater major diameter than said second thread portion.

31. The intraosseous needle of claim 30 wherein said second thread portion is the first full thread of said threaded shaft located nearest to said boring means.

32. The intraosseous needle of claim 31 wherein said boring means has a pair of concave indentations which define said at least two cutting edges, wherein said second thread portion is adjacent a leading thread portion, wherein at least one of said indentations interrupts said leading thread portion, and wherein the major diameter of said leading thread portion prior to forming said indentations is less than the major diameter of said second thread portion.

33. The intraosseous needle of claim 31 wherein said first thread portion is adjacent to said second thread portion.

34. The intraosseous needle of claim 33 wherein there are two side ports, each of which is located between two adjacent threads.