Start code detector

• US 5,603,012 A
• Filed: 03/07/1995
• Issued: 02/11/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Talon Research LLC
• Original Assignee: Discovision Associates (Pioneer Corporation)
• Inventors: Sotheran, Martin W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Teska, Kevin J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): FREJD, RUSSELL WARREN
• Application Number:
  US08/400,201
• Time in Patent Office: 707 Days
• Field of Search: 395/500, 395/250, 370/85.4, 370/85.5, 358/167, 348/426, 348/402, 348/466
• US Class Current: 712/208
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/0207 with multidimensional access, e.g. row/column, matrix
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/04 Addressing variable-length words or parts of words
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/0607 Interleaved addressing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/16 for access to memory bus G06F13/28 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/1673 using buffers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/1689 Synchronisation and timing concerns synchronisation on a memory bus G06F13/4234
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/28 using burst mode transfer, e.g. direct memory access DMA, cycle steal G06F13/32 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/3867 using instruction pipelines
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4494 data driven
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/13 Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/42 characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation H04N19/635 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/423 characterised by memory arrangements H04N19/433 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/61 in combination with predictive coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/91 Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding

Abstract

A multi-standard video decompression apparatus has a plurality of stages interconnected by a two-wire interface arranged as a pipeline processing machine. Control tokens and DATA Tokens pass over the single two-wire interface for carrying both control and data in token format. A token decode circuit is positioned in certain of the stages for recognizing certain of the tokens as control tokens pertinent to that stage and for passing unrecognized control tokens along the pipeline. Reconfiguration processing circuits are positioned in selected stages and are responsive to a recognized control token for reconfiguring such stage to handle an identified DATA Token. A wide variety of unique supporting subsystem circuitry and processing techniques are disclosed for implementing the system.

Claims

1. In a system having an input and an output and a plurality of processing stages between the input and the output, the improvement comprising:

an interactive interfacing token, defining a universal adaptation unit for control and/or data functions among said processing stages; and

one of said stages receiving said input and adapted to generate and/or convert said tokens, and wherein said one of said stages detects overlaping start codes

whereby the first start code is ignored and the second start code is used to create start code tokens.

2. A system as recited in claim 1, wherein said one of said stages is responsive to data to create tokens.

3. A system as recited in claim 1, wherein said one of said stages searches for and detects start codes and produces tokens in response thereto.

4. A system as recited in claim 1, wherein said one of said stages is adapted to search an input data stream in a search mode.

5. A system as recited in claim 4, wherein said search mode is for a selected start code.

6. A system as recited in claim 4, wherein said search is for breaks in the data stream.

7. A system as recited in claim 4, wherein said search is made of data from an external data source.

8. A system as recited in claim 3, wherein said token is a START CODE token.

9. A system as recited in claim 3, wherein said token is a PICTURE_-- START token.

10. A system as recited in claim 3, wherein said token is a SLICE_-- START token.

11. A system as recited in claim 3, wherein said token is a PICTURE_-- END token.

12. A system as recited in claim 3, wherein said token is a SEQUENCE_-- START token.

13. A system as recited in claim 3, wherein said token is a SEQUENCE_-- END token.

14. A system as recited in claim 3, wherein said token is a GROUP_-- START token.

15. A system as recited in claim 1, wherein said one of said stages performs a padding function by adding bits to the last word of a token.

22. A machine as recited in claim 1, wherein said system is a pipeline system and a start code detector is positioned as the first of said processing stages in said pipeline.

16. In a machine for handling a plurality of separately encoded bit streams arranged as a serial bit stream of digital bits and having separately encoded pairs of start codes and data carried in the serial bit stream the improvement comprises:

a start code detector having first, second and third registers connected in serial fashion for receiving a portion of said serial bit stream serially therethrough, each of said registers storing a different number of bits from the bit stream;

said first register storing a value;

said second register and a first decode means for identifying a start code associated with said value contained in said first register;

circuit means for shifting said value to a predetermined end of said third register; and

a second decode means arranged for accepting data from said third register in parallel;

whereby a start code which overlaps another start code may be ignored.

17. A machine as recited in claim 16, and further comprising:

a memory responsive to said second decode means for providing one or more control tokens stored in said memory as a result of the decoding of said value associated with said start code.

18. A machine as recited in claim 16, and further comprising:

means for accessing the input data stream from a microprocessor interface; and

means for formatting and organizing the said data stream.

19. A machine as recited in claim 16, and further comprising:

a start decode detector which identifies start codes of varying widths associated with differently encoded bit streams.

20. A machine as recited in claim 16, wherein a plurality of DATA tokens are generated from the input data stream.

21. A machine as recited in claim 16, and further comprising:

a plurality of tag shift registers for handling tags indicating the validity of data of said registers.

23. In a system having an input and an output and a plurality of processing stages between the input and the output, the improvement comprising:

an interactive interfacing token, defining a universal adaptation unit for control and/or data functions among said processing stages; and

one of said stages receiving said input and adapted to generate and/or convert said tokens, wherein said one of said stages performs a padding function by adding bits to the last word of a token.

24. A system as recited in claim 23, wherein said one of said stages is responsive to data to create tokens.

25. A system as recited in claim 23, wherein said one of said stages searches for and detects start codes and produces tokens in response thereto.

26. A system as recited in claim 23, wherein said one of said stages detects overlapping start codes,

whereby the first start code is ignored and the second start code is used to create start code tokens.

27. A system as recited in claim 23, wherein said one of said stages is adapted to search an input data stream in a search mode.

28. A system as recited in claim 27, wherein said search mode is for a selected start code.

29. A system as recited in claim 27, wherein said search is for breaks in the data stream.

30. A system as recited in claim 27, wherein said search is made of data from an external data source.

31. A system as recited in claim 25, wherein said token is a START CODE token.

32. A system as recited in claim 25, wherein said token is a PICTURE_-- START token.

33. A system as recited in claim 25, wherein said token is a SLICE_-- START token.

34. A system as recited in claim 25, wherein said token is a PICTURE_-- END token.

35. A system as recited in claim 25, wherein said token is a SEQUENCE_-- START token.

36. A system as recited in claim 35, wherein said token is a SEQUENCE_-- END token.

37. A system as recited in claim 25, wherein said token is a GROUP_-- START token.