Overlay management system and method

• US 5,604,849 A
• Filed: 03/20/1995
• Issued: 02/18/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 09/02/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Randel, Mark R., Artwick, Bruce A., Setzler, Steven W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Phu K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vo, Cliff N.
• Application Number:
  US08/407,583
• Time in Patent Office: 701 Days
• Field of Search: 395/123, 395/128, 395/375, 395/775, 395/650, 364/281.3, 364/281.8
• US Class Current: 345/423
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4486 Formation of subprogram jump address
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 9/301 by computer-processed or -generated image

Abstract

An overlay management system and method in which an overlay manager is invoked in response to execution of an original call to a subroutine, the original call being at a calling address. If the subroutine is not present in an executable portion of memory, the overlay manager loads the subroutine. The subroutine is unloaded by the overlay manager in response to an event or according to a predetermined criteria for memory management. When a call is initiated, the overlay manager determines the calling address and an identity of the subroutine being called. When the subroutine is loaded into the executable portion of memory, the system determines the address of the subroutine and rewrites the command at the calling address for directly calling the subroutine in the executable portion of memory. Once the subroutine is unloaded from executable memory, the system rewrites the command at the calling address to restore the original call. In a method of processing scenery data, the scenery data is categorized by content into a number of different resolutions wherein each resolution represents a predetermined geographic size. At each resolution, the visible content of the scenery is categorized into different scenery types. The scenery data is stored in a reduced data format so that at each resolution, each item of visible content at that resolution is stored as a scenery type having a location.

Claims

1. In an improved overlay management system for a computer system having

means for being invoked in response to execution of an original call to a subroutine, the original call originating from a calling address;

means for determining if the subroutine is present in an executable portion of memory of the computer system and for loading the subroutine into the executable portion of memory in response to the original call in the event the subroutine is not already loaded;

means for unloading the subroutine according to a predetermined criteria for memory management;

the improvement comprising;

means for determining the calling address and an identity of the subroutine being called from the calling address;

means for determining an address of the subroutine loaded in the executable portion of memory, and for rewriting the original call at the calling address for directly calling the address of the subroutine; and

means for rewriting the original call at the calling address to restore the original call to the subroutine in response to unloading the subroutine from the executable portion of memory.

2. An improved overlay management system according to claim 1 further comprising means for generating a look-up table containing each calling address and an identifier of the routine being called from each calling address, the means for determining an address of the subroutine loaded in the executable portion of memory referring to the look-up table.

3. An improved overlay management system according to claim 1 wherein the predetermined criteria comprises providing the subroutine with a counter, and unloading the subroutine when the counter reaches zero, the counter having an initial non-zero value and being reset to the initial non-zero value in responses to a call to the subroutine or to a routine in a file containing the subroutine, and the counter being decremented at periodic predetermined time intervals.

4. An improved overlay management system according to claim 3 further comprising means for generating a look-up table containing each calling address and an identifier of the routine being called from each calling address, the means for determining an address of the subroutine referring to the look-up table.

5. An improved method for providing overlay management services in a computer system comprising the steps of:

invoking an overlay manager in response to execution of an original call to a subroutine, the original call originating from a calling address;

determining if the subroutine is present in an executable portion of memory of the computer system and loading the subroutine into the executable portion of memory in response to the original call in the event the subroutine is not already loaded;

unloading the subroutine according to a predetermined criteria for memory management;

the improvement comprising;

determining the calling address and an identity of the subroutine being called from the calling address;

determining an address of the subroutine loaded in the executable portion of memory, and rewriting the original call at the calling address for directly calling the address of the subroutine; and

rewriting the original call at the calling address to restore the original call to the subroutine in response to unloading the subroutine from the executable portion of memory.

6. An improved method for providing overlay management services according to claim 5 wherein the predetermined criteria comprises providing the subroutine with a counter, unloading the subroutine when the counter reaches zero, providing the counter with an initial non-zero value and resetting the counter to the initial non-zero value in response to a call to the subroutine or to a routine in a file containing the subroutine, and decrementing the counter at periodic predetermined time intervals.

7. An improved method for providing overlay management services according to claim 5 further comprising the step of generating a look-up table containing each calling address and an identifier of the routine being called from each calling address, the step of determining an address of the subroutine loaded in the executable portion of memory comprising referring to the look-up table.

8. An improved method for providing overlay management services according to claim 6 further comprising the step of generating a look-up table containing each calling address and an identifier of the routine being called from each calling address, the step of determining an address of the subroutine comprising referring to the look-up table.

9. A flight simulation system which comprises:

a scenery database which comprises scenery having geographic boundaries and scenery objects of a plurality of types of scenery objects, each of the scenery objects comprising object data for being read by the flight simulation system, the scenery being organized in a plurality of bands each band having geographic boundaries and objects geographically located in the geographic boundaries for each band, the object data for the objects in each of the parallel bands being stored based upon the geographic location of the object in the band for enabling the flight simulation system to independently access the data in each band for processing the object data for the objects located therein, and for enabling the flight simulation system to process each object in the band based upon the geographic location of the object in the band;

a background seeded scenery database for storing background scenery with a reduced amount of data, the background scenery comprising scenery data categorized into a plurality of predetermined resolutions, each of the resolutions representing a predetermined geographic size, whereby at each resolution a visible content of the scenery will vary based upon the geographic size of the content of the scenery, and at each resolution, the visible content being categorized into a plurality of predetermined scenery types, the data being stored in a reduced data format wherein at each resolution, each item of visible content at that resolution is stored as a scenery type having a location, the geographic size of the item being known from the resolution;

processing means for reading the object data from the scenery database and processing the objects of the object types for each of the object types for enabling flight simulation in an environment comprising the scenery;

processing means for reading the seeded scenery data from the seeded scenery database and processing the background scenery based upon a selected resolution for enabling flight simulation in an environment comprising the background scenery at the selected resolution;

an overlay manager comprising means for being invoked in response to execution of an original call to a subroutine, the original call originating from a calling address;

means for determining if the subroutine is present in an executable portion of memory of the computer system and for loading the subroutine into the executable portion of memory in response to the original call in the event the subroutine is not already loaded;

means for unloading the subroutine according to a predetermined criteria for memory management;

means for determining the calling address and an identity of the subroutine being called from the calling address;

means for determining an address of the subroutine loaded in the executable portion of memory, and for rewriting the original call at the calling address for directly calling the address of the subroutine; and

means for rewriting the original call at the calling address to restore the original call to a subroutine command in response to unloading the subroutine from the executable portion of memory.

10. A method of processing scenery data for enabling the scenery data to be stored and simulated with a reduced amount of data, the method comprising:

categorizing a content of the scenery data into a plurality of predetermined resolutions, each of the resolutions representing a predetermined geographic size, whereby at each resolution the visible content of the scenery data will vary based upon the geographic size of the content of the scenery, and at each resolution, categorizing the visible content of the scenery data into a plurality of predetermined scenery types; and

storing the data in a reduced data format wherein at each resolution, each item of visible content at that resolution is stored as a scenery type having a location, the geographic size of the item being known from the resolution of the item;

wherein the content of scenery data is stored and simulated at varying resolutions with a reduced amount of data.