Divergent code generator and method

• US 5,606,322 A
• Filed: 10/24/1994
• Issued: 02/25/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Dynamics Decision Systems, Inc. (General Dynamics Corporation), Amtech Systems LLC (Roper Technologies, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Durette, Robert J., Allen, Steven P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hofsass, Jeffery
• Assistant Examiner(s): Edwards, Jr., Timothy
• Application Number:
  US08/327,953
• Time in Patent Office: 855 Days
• Field of Search: 341/173, 341/185, 341/187, 340/825.31, 380/50, 380/21, 380/34, 370/46
• US Class Current: 341/173
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 7/58 Random or pseudo-random number generators
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 3/84 Generating pulses having a predetermined statistical distribution of a parameter, e.g. random pulse generators
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/10 Code generation

Abstract

A method and corresponding apparatus (10) for generating a pseudo-random number. The method has steps of generating a first bit stream from a number generator (16, 35), combining a predetermined number with the first bit stream to provide a second bit stream and feeding the second bit stream into a feedback port (32) of the number generator (16, 35).

Claims

1. A method for generating a divergent code, said divergent code, for example, for ensuring that a population of transponders in devices such as RF tags having nominally identical apparatus for generating a delay will generate different delays, said apparatus being responsive to said divergent code, said delay being introduced prior to responding to an interrogation signal for polling said population of transponders, said method comprising steps of:

generating a first bit stream from a number generator;

combining, via a combiner having a first input coupled to an output of a memory, a second input coupled to an output of said number generator and an output coupled to an input of said number generator, a predetermined number from said memory with said first bit stream to provide a second bit stream; and

feeding said second bit stream into a feedback port of said number generator.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said generating step comprises a step of generating a first bit stream from a linear feedback shift register.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said combining step includes steps of:

rotating said predetermined number through a shift register comprising said memory, said shift register having a series of N many shift register cells coupled to form a continuous closed loop, wherein a number N of cells in said shift register is greater than or equal to a number of bits comprising said predetermined number and at least one of said N many shift register cells includes an output tap; and

adding a signal from said output tap to said first bit stream.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said combining step includes a step of exclusive ORing said predetermined number with said first bit stream.

5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said generating step includes a step of generating said first bit stream from a linear feedback shift register configured to provide a divergent code.

6. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said combining step includes a step of combining a unique serial number chosen from a predetermined set of serial numbers with said first bit stream to provide said second bit stream.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of generating a first bit stream from a number generator includes a step of generating a first bit stream from a divergent code generator.

8. An apparatus for generating a number, said apparatus comprising:

a memory for storing a predetermined number;

a number generator; and

a combiner having a first input coupled to an output of said memory, a second input coupled to an output of said number generator and an output coupled to an input of said number generator.

9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said number generator comprises a linear feedback shift register configured to provide a pseudo-random number.

10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein said linear feedback shift register is configured to provide a maximal length sequence.

11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein:

said number generator comprises a pseudorandom number generator including M many cells; and

wherein M is an integer in a range of from five to twenty.

12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said memory comprises:

a shift register including N many cells;

wherein said output of said memory is coupled to an output of an N^th cell of said shift register; and

wherein an input of a first cell of said shift register is coupled to said output of said N^th cell.

13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said memory comprises a recirculating memory.

14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said combiner comprises an exclusive OR gate.

15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said memory is configured to store a unique one of a predetermined set of different numbers.

16. An apparatus comprising:

a control device having a capability for sending a first message and receiving second messages; and

a plurality of remote devices having a capability for receiving said first message and for transmitting said second messages, each of said plurality of remote devices comprising;

a memory for storing a predetermined number;

a number generator; and

a combiner having a first input coupled to an output of said memory, a second input coupled to an output of said number generator and an output coupled to an input of said number generator.

17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein said number generator comprises a linear feedback shift register configured to provide a maximal length sequence.

18. An apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein said second messages are transmitted at a time chosen in response to a number obtained from said number generator, said time denoting a time interval measured from a time of receipt of said first message.

19. An apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein said second messages comprise code domain multiple access messages encoded using a code chosen from a predetermined list of codes in accordance with a number obtained from said number generator.

20. An apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein said predetermined number is a serial number identifying a particular remote device of said plurality of remote devices.

21. An apparatus comprising:

a control device having a capability for sending a first message and receiving second messages; and

a plurality of remote devices having a capability for receiving said first message and for transmitting said second messages, each of said plurality of remote devices comprising;

a memory for storing a predetermined number, wherein said predetermined number is a serial number identifying a particular remote device of said plurality of remote devices;

a number generator comprising a linear feedback shift register configured to provide a maximal length sequence;

a combiner having a first input coupled to an output of said memory, a second input coupled to an output of said number generator and an output coupled to an input of said number generator; and

wherein said second messages are transmitted at a time, said time chosen in response to a number obtained from said number generator, said time denoting a time interval measured from a time of receipt of said first message.

22. An apparatus comprising:

a control device having a capability for sending a first message and receiving second messages; and

a plurality of remote devices having a capability for receiving said first message and for transmitting said second messages, each of said plurality of remote devices comprising;

memory means for storing a predetermined number;

means for number generation, said number generation means having an input port and an output port, said number generation means for providing a first bit stream comprising a random number at said input port; and

means for combining, said combining means having a first input coupled to an output of said memory and a second input coupled to an output of said number generation means, said combining means for combining said predetermined number with said first bit stream to provide a second bit stream at an output coupled to said input port.

23. An apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein said number generation means comprises a linear feedback shift register configured to provide a maximal length sequence at said first port.

24. An apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein said second messages are transmitted at a time chosen in response to a number obtained from said number generation means, said time denoting a time interval measured from a time of receipt of said first message.

25. An apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein said second messages comprise code domain multiple access messages encoded using a code chosen from a predetermined list of codes in accordance with a number obtained from said number generation means.

26. An apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein said predetermined number is a serial number identifying a particular remote device of said plurality of remote devices.

27. An apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein:

said predetermined number is a serial number identifying a particular remote device of said plurality of remote devices;

said number generation means comprises a linear feedback shift register configured to provide a maximal length sequence; and

said second messages are transmitted at a time chosen in response to a number obtained from said number generation means, said time denoting a time interval measured from a time of receipt of said first message.