Passive CPU cooling and LCD heating for a laptop computer

• US 5,606,341 A
• Filed: 10/02/1995
• Issued: 02/25/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/02/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: NCR Corporation
• Original Assignee: NCR Corporation
• Inventors: Aguilera, Rafael E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Powell, Mark R.
• Application Number:
  US08/538,104
• Time in Patent Office: 512 Days
• Field of Search: 345/214, 345/901, 345/87, 364/708.1, 359/49, 359/48, 359/86, 359/44, 359/43, 165/104.21, 315/112, 361/699, 361/701, 361/714, 361/718, 361/719
• US Class Current: 345/87
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 15/0266 with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers F28D15/043 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 2021/0029 Heat sinks
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 3/025 the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133382 Heating or cooling of liquid crystal cells other than for activation, e.g. circuits or arrangements for temperature control, stabilisation or uniform distribution over the cell
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/203 for portable computers, e.g. for laptops
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2200/201 Cooling arrangements using cooling fluid

Abstract

In a laptop computer, CPU-generated heat is thermally conducted passively to a radiator-like element disposed behind the LCD, which uses the heat to warm the LCD. The CPU is surrounded by a liquid-tight housing containing a biphase coolant. A first tube in fluid communication with an outlet port in the housing conveys heat-vaporized coolant to an input port on the radiator. The coolant flows through a plurality of columns formed in the radiator-like element, transferring heat and condensing in the process. The transferred heat is radiated to the LCD, which is desirably warmed in the process. The condensed coolant is conducted from an export port in the radiator-like element through a second tube to an input port in the housing. A pressure sensor may be included to provide a coolant pressure drop signal that can be used to shutdown the CPU in the event of a coolant leak.

Claims

1. In a portable computer having a central processor unit (CPU) integrated circuit and a liquid crystal display (LCD), a method for passively warming the LCD with heat generated by the CPU, the method including the following steps:

(a) disposing a heat dissipating coolant-conducting element adjacent a rear surface of said LCD, said element having an inlet port and an outlet port;

(b) surrounding said CPU with a coolant-containing chamber having an inlet port and an outlet port;

(c) providing a first coolant-carrying conductor coupling said outlet port of said coolant-containing chamber with said inlet port of said coolant-conducting element, and providing a second coolant-carrying conductor coupling said outlet port of said coolant-conducting element with said inlet port of said coolant-containing chamber;

(d) providing a biphase coolant in at least a portion of a coolant path defined by said coolant-conducting element, the first and second coolant-carrying conductors, and said coolant-containing chamber;

wherein heat generated by said CPU is carried by said coolant in the first conductor to said element where at least a portion of said heat warms said LCD, wherein said coolant changes phase and is returned by the second conductor to said chamber at a lower temperature whereat said CPU is cooled.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) includes providing a said element having a plurality of coolant-conducting columns that are vertically oriented when said LCD and said element are vertically oriented.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said coolant-conducting columns have at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of (i) said columns are perforated, (ii) said columns have a transverse column dimension of about 1.5 mm, (iii) said columns are formed from aluminum, (iv) said columns are formed from metal having a well thickness of about 0.02 mm, (v) said columns define a hexagon shape in cross-section, and (vi) said perforated columns define a sinusoidal shape in cross-section.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein at step (a), said inlet port is at a more elevated region of said element than said outlet port when said element and said LCD are vertically oriented.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein at step (b), said coolant-containing chamber is fabricated from material including beryllium copper.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein at step (c), at least one of said first coolant-carrying conductor and said second coolant-carrying conductor has at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of (i) said conductor is triaxial in cross-section, (ii) said conductor includes a layer of polyethylene material, (iii) said conductor includes a layer of Teflon™

material, and (iv) said conductor includes a layer of polyurethane material.

7. The method of claim 1, including an additional step (e) of disposing a thermal insulator on a rear surface of said heat dissipating coolant-conducting element.

8. The method of claim 1, including an additional step (e) of monitoring pressure in said coolant path and at least slowing clocking of said CPU in the event of a monitored pressure drop exceeding a known threshold.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein step (e) includes mounting a pressure-sensitive diaphragm in fluid communication with said coolant path;

wherein a pressure drop exceeding a known threshold deflects said pressure-sensitive diaphragm switching an electrical signal to said CPU to at least slow operation of said CPU.

10. In a portable computer having a central processor unit (CPU) integrated circuit and a liquid crystal display (LCD), a method for passively warming the LCD with heat generated by the CPU and for protecting the CPU against excessive heat, the method including the following steps:

(a) disposing a heat dissipating coolant-conducting element adjacent a rear surface of said LCD;

(b) surrounding said CPU with a coolant-containing chamber

(c) coupling said heat dissipating coolant-conducting element with said coolant-containing chamber to provide a coolant flow path therebetween;

(d) providing a biphase coolant in at least a portion of said coolant flow path; and

(e) monitoring pressure in said coolant path and at least slowing clocking of said CPU if a monitored pressure drop exceeds a known threshold;

wherein heat generated by said CPU is carried by said coolant via said coolant flow path to said element where at least a portion of said heat warms said LCD, wherein said coolant changes phase and is returned via said coolant flow path to said chamber at a lower temperature whereat said CPU is cooled; and

wherein slowing said clocking protects said CPU against overheating.

11. A heat-transfer unit for a portable computer having a central processor unit (CPU) integrated circuit and a liquid crystal display (LCD), the heat-transfer unit comprising:

a heat dissipating coolant-conducting element adjacent a rear surface of said LCD, said element having an inlet port and an outlet port;

a coolant-containing chamber, surrounding said CPU, having an inlet port and an outlet port;

a first coolant-carrying conductor coupling said outlet port of said coolant-containing chamber with said inlet port of said coolant-conducting element;

a second coolant-carrying conductor coupling said outlet port of said coolant-conducting element with said inlet port of said coolant-containing chamber;

a biphase coolant occupying at least a portion of a coolant path defined by said coolant-conducting element, the first and second coolant-carrying conductors, and said coolant-containing chamber;

wherein heat generated by said CPU is carried by said coolant in the first conductor to said element where at least a portion of said heat warms said LCD, wherein said coolant changes phase and is returned by the second conductor to said chamber at a lower temperature whereat said CPU is cooled.

12. The heat-transfer unit of claim 11, wherein said element has a plurality of coolant-conducting columns that are vertically oriented when said LCD and said element are vertically oriented.

13. The heat-transfer unit of claim 11, wherein said coolant-conducting columns have at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of (i) said columns are perforated, (ii) said columns have a transverse column dimension of about 1.5 mm, (iii) said columns are formed from aluminum, (iv) said columns are formed from metal having a well thickness of about 0.02 mm, (v) said columns define a hexagon shape in cross-section, and (vi) said perforated columns define a sinusoidal shape in cross-section.

14. The heat-transfer unit of claim 11, wherein said inlet port is at a more elevated region of said element than said outlet port when said element and said LCD are vertically oriented.

15. The heat-transfer unit of claim 11, wherein said coolant-containing chamber is fabricated from material including beryllium copper.

16. The heat-transfer unit of claim 11, wherein at least one of said first coolant-carrying conductor and said second coolant-carrying conductor has at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of (i) said conductor is triaxial in cross-section, (ii) said conductor includes a layer of polyethylene material, (iii) said conductor includes a layer of Teflon™

material, and (iv) said conductor includes a layer of polyurethane material.

17. The heat-transfer unit of claim 11, further including a thermal insulator disposed on a rear surface of said heat dissipating coolant-conducting element.

18. The heat-transfer unit of claim 11, further including:

means for monitoring pressure in said coolant path; and

means for at least slowing operation of said CPU, coupled to said means for monitoring, for slowing operation of said CPU in the event of a monitored pressure drop exceeding a known threshold.

19. The heat-transfer unit of claim 11, further including a quasi-heat insulating member disposed between a rear surface of said LCD and an LCD-facing surface of said heat dissipating coolant-conducting element;

wherein said member alters efficiency of heat transfer from said element to said LCD.

20. A portable computer, including:

a liquid crystal display (LCD);

a central processor unit (CPU);

a heat dissipating coolant-conducting element, disposed adjacent a rear surface of said LCD;

a coolant-containing chamber, surrounding said CPU;

a coolant flow path coupling said heat dissipating coolant-conducting element with said coolant-containing chamber;

a biphase coolant, occupying at least a portion of said coolant flow path; and

(e) a pressure monitor coupled to monitor pressure in said coolant path and to output a signal to said CPU causing clocking of said CPU to at least slow if a monitored pressure drop exceeds a known threshold;

wherein heat generated by said CPU is carried by said coolant via said coolant flow path to said element where at least a portion of said heat warms said LCD, wherein said coolant changes phase and is returned via said coolant flow path to said chamber at a lower temperature whereat said CPU is cooled; and

wherein slowing said clocking protects said CPU against overheating.