Connectors used in making highly insulated composite wall structures

• US 5,606,832 A
• Filed: 05/15/1996
• Issued: 03/04/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: H.K. Composites, Inc.
• Original Assignee: H K Composites Incorporated
• Inventors: Hansen, David M., Keith, David O.
• Primary Examiner(s): Friedman, Carl D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): YIP, WINNIE S
• Application Number:
  US08/645,000
• Time in Patent Office: 293 Days
• Field of Search: 52/410, 52/309.7, 52/309.1, 52/309.11, 52/309.12, 52/511, 52/512, 52/513, 52/514, 52/713, 441/387, 441/487, 441/482, 441/439
• US Class Current: 52/410
• CPC Class Codes: B28B 19/003 to insulating material
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 37/0082 Mechanical anchoring B29C66/303 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2105/24 crosslinked or vulcanised
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2105/243 Partially cured
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 13/12 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/08 by mechanical means
• CPC Class Codes: E04C 2/044 of concrete E04C2/049 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E04C 2/288 composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
• CPC Class Codes: E04C 2002/047 Pin or rod shaped anchors
• CPC Class Codes: E04C 5/07 Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal metal elements with non-structural coatings E04C5/01
• CPC Class Codes: F16B 15/02 with specially-shaped heads, e.g. with enlarged surfaces ornaments for furniture A47B95/04; removable ornamental heads for nails A47G3/00
• CPC Class Codes: F16B 19/00 Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements in screwed connections F16B29/00; Rivets means for preventing withdrawal F16B21/00
• CPC Class Codes: F16B 19/14 Bolts or the like for shooting into concrete constructions, metal walls or the like by means of detonation-operated nailing tools tools therefor B25C, B27F
• CPC Class Codes: F16B 21/00 Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it riveted or deformable spigots F16B19/04; for gudgeon pins F16J1/18; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
• CPC Class Codes: F16B 5/04 by means of riveting rivets F16B19/04

Abstract

Highly insulating connectors used in making highly insulative composite wall structures. At least a substantial portion of the connector is injection molded in a single step from an appropriate resinous material or moldable plastic. The connector has a substantially pointed end in a penetrating segment for facilitating penetration of the connector through an insulating layer and a yet unhardened structural material, such as concrete, that will harden into a first structural layer. The opposite end, or gripping segment, includes arcuate wings for facilitating gripping of the connector during placement in the insulating layer and first unhardened structural layer, and also for anchoring the connectors upon hardening of a second structural layer. A middle or mesial segment resides within the insulating layer, which is sandwiched between the first and second structural layer. The arcuate wings are curved toward the penetrating end and terminate in an elongated surface to limit the depth of penetration of the connector when inserted through the insulating material. An optional enlarged head at the end of the gripping segment can receive an impact, such as by a hammer or mallet, or serve to more comfortably receive pressure from the palm of the hand during placement of the connector.

Claims

1. A connector used in making an insulating composite wall structure including first and second structural layers comprising a hardenable material and an insulating layer disposed between the first and second structural layers, wherein the connector comprises a highly insulating material and includes:

(a) an elongate shaft having a penetrating segment, a gripping segment, and a mesial segment disposed between the penetrating and gripping segments, the elongate shaft having a width;

(b) a penetrating tip at an end of the penetrating segment distal to the mesial segment, the penetrating tip having a width that is less than the width of the elongate shaft;

(c) orienting means for limiting penetration of the elongate shaft through the insulating layer;

(d) first anchoring means within the penetrating segment for anchoring the connector within the first structural layer when substantially hardened; and

(e) second anchoring means within the gripping segment comprising a plurality of acurate wings laterally disposed on the enlongate shaft for anchoring the connector within the second structural layer when substantially hardened.

2. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the orienting means includes a flange integrally molded within the connector at or near where the gripping segment and the mesial segment intersect.

3. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the orienting means includes flat ends disposed at an end of each of the plurality of arcuate wings distal to where the arcuate wings emanate from the elongate shaft.

4. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the first anchoring means within the penetrating segment comprises at least one recess in the penetrating segment disposed between the penetrating tip and the mesial segment.

5. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the second anchoring means within the gripping segment further comprise at least one recess.

6. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the connector is formed from a thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of polyamide, polyarylsulfone, polycarbonate, polyphthalamide, and polysulfone.

7. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the connector is formed from a thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of acrylics, acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene copolymer, fluorocarbons, polybutadiene, polybutylene teraphthalate, polyesters, polyethylene teraphthalate, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphthalate carbonate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, and polyxylene.

8. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the connector is formed from a thermoset resin selected from the group consisting of polyester, vinyl ester, diallyl phthalate, epoxy resins, furan resins, and phenolic resins.

9. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the connector is formed from a thermoplastic alloy selected from the group consisting of PPO/Nylon, ABS/PC, PBT/PET, PC/PBT, PC/PET, and PS/PC.

10. A connector rod as defined in claim 1, wherein the connector rod is impregnated with fibers selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, graphite fibers, boron fibers, ceramic fibers, and mixtures thereof.

11. A connector rod as defined in claim 1, wherein the connector is molded in a single step.

12. A connector as defined in claim 1, wherein the gripping segment terminates in an enlarged area at an end distal to where the gripping segment and the mesial segment intersect.

13. A connector as defined in claim 1, where the connector includes two arcuate wings.

14. A highly insulating composite wall structure including first and second structural layers comprising a hardenable material and an insulating layer disposed between the first and second structural layers, wherein the connector comprises a highly insulating material and includes:

(a) an elongate shaft having a penetrating segment, a gripping segment, and a mesial segment disposed between the penetrating and gripping segments, the elongate shaft having a width;

(b) a penetrating tip at an end of the penetrating segment distal to mesial segment, the penetrating tip having a width that is less than the width of the elongate shaft;

(c) two arcuate wings laterally disposed at an end of the gripping segment distal to the mesial segment, the arcuate wings providing means for anchoring the connector within the second structural layer when substantially hardened;

(d) orienting means for limiting penetration of the elongate shaft through the insulating layer to a desired depth, the orienting means comprising enlarged ends disposed at ends of the arcuate wings distal to where the arcuate wings emanate from the elongate shaft; and

(e) at least one recess in the penetrating segment of the elongate shaft disposed between the penetrating tip and the mesial segment for anchoring the connector within the first structural layer when substantially hardened.

15. A connector as defined in claim 14, wherein the gripping segment terminates in an enlarged area at an end distal to where the gripping segment and the mesial segment intersect.

16. A highly insulating composite wall structure comprising a first structural layer including a hardenable structural material, a second structural layer including a hardenable structural material, and an insulating layer disposed between the first and second structural layers, the first structural layer, the second structural layer and the insulating layer being secured together by means of a plurality of connectors comprising an insulating material and including:

(a) an elongate shaft having a penetrating segment, a gripping segment, and a mesial segment disposed between the penetrating and gripping segments, the elongate shaft having a width;

(b) a penetrating tip at an end of the penetrating segment distal to the mesial segment the penetrating tip having a width that is lest than the width of the elongate shaft;

(c) orienting means for limiting penetration of the elongate shaft through the insulating layer;

(d) first anchoring means within the penetrating segment for anchoring the connector within the first structural layer when substantially hardened; and

(e) second anchoring means within the gripping segment comprising a plurality of acuate wings laterally disposed on the enlongate shaft for anchoring the connector within the second structural layer when substantially hardened.

17. A highly insulating composite wall structure as defined in claim 16, wherein at least one of said first and second structural layers comprises a concrete material.

18. A highly insulating composite wall structure as defined in claim 16, wherein the insulating layer comprises polystyrene foam.

19. A highly insulating composite wall structure as defined in claim 16, wherein the insulating layer comprises fiberglass.

20. A highly insulating composite wall structure as defined in claim 17, wherein the composite wall structure is manufactured by the process comprising the steps of:

(a) forming a first layer of hardenable material while in a plastic and flowable state;

(b) placing the insulating layer over the first layer of structural material while in the plastic and flowable state;

(c) inserting a plurality of the connectors through the insulating layer and first layer of unhardened structural material such that the penetrating segment is substantially disposed within the first structural layer, such that the mesial segment is substantially disposed within the insulating layer, and such that the gripping segment is substantially exposed through a surface of the insulating layer; and

(d) casting a second layer of structural material onto the surface of the insulating layer in order to form the second structural layer, the second structural layer having a thickness such that the gripping segment of each of the connectors is substantially enveloped within the second structural layer.