Implantable drug delivery apparatus

• US 5,607,418 A
• Filed: 08/22/1995
• Issued: 03/04/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 08/22/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Robert C. Arzbaecher
• Original Assignee: Illinois Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Arzbaecher, Robert C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Isabella, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): Polutta, Mark O.
• Application Number:
  US08/518,032
• Time in Patent Office: 560 Days
• Field of Search: 604/131, 604/132, 604/134, 604/141, 604/890.1, 604/891.1, 128/DIG. 12
• US Class Current: 604/891.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 39/22 Valves or arrangement of valves A61M39/02, A61M39/0247, A61M39/16 take precedence; regulating valves in infusion systems A61M5/16881; in devices worn by the patient for the reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge, or in colostomy devices A61F5/4405
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16877 Adjusting flow; Devices for setting a flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/12 Pressure infusion

Abstract

An implantable drug delivery apparatus including a housing that has a housing chamber. An outer deformable body having a reserve chamber is mounted within the housing chamber. An inner deformable body having a dispensing chamber is mounted within the reserve chamber. A dispensing valve is actuated to an open position to allow a fluidic drug to flow from the dispensing chamber, through the dispensing valve and through a catheter into a body of a patient. The fluidic drug is discharged from the dispensing chamber at a dispensing mass flowrate which is greater than a refilling mass flowrate of the fluidic drug passing from the reserve chamber to the dispensing chamber, when the dispensing valve is in an open position. When the dispensing valve is in a closed position, the fluidic drug is prevented from discharging from the dispensing chamber while a recharging amount of the fluidic drug is capable of flowing from the reserve chamber to the dispensing chamber, until the dispensing chamber is at least partially filled. The outer deformable body is normally forced or urged in a direction or manner that tends to reduce a volume of the reserve chamber.

Claims

1. An implantable drug delivery apparatus comprising:

a housing having a housing chamber, an outer deformable body having a reserve chamber, said outer deformable body mounted within said housing chamber, an inner deformable body having a dispensing chamber, said inner deformable body mounted within said reserve chamber;

a dispensing valve, a catheter in communication with a valve discharge of said dispensing valve;

flow means for discharging a fluidic drug from said dispensing chamber at a dispensing mass flowrate which exceeds a refilling mass flowrate of said fluidic drug passing from said reserve chamber to said dispensing chamber when said dispensing valve is in an open position, and for preventing said fluidic drug from discharging from said dispensing chamber and allowing said fluidic drug to flow from said reserve chamber to said dispensing chamber until said dispensing chamber is at least partially filled when said dispensing valve is in a closed position; and

force means for normally urging said outer deformable body in a manner that tends to reduce a volume of said reserve chamber.

2. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said housing is hermetically sealed.

3. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said outer deformable body comprises a bellows.

4. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said inner deformable body comprises a bellows.

5. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising fill means for filling said reserve chamber with said fluidic drug with the drug delivery apparatus implanted within a patient.

6. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 5 wherein said fill means comprises a filling septum mounted with respect to said housing and having a septum surface exposed to said reserve chamber.

7. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising an actuator mechanically coupled to said dispensing valve for actuating said dispensing valve between said open position and said closed position.

8. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said flow means comprises a flow restriction device having an inlet in communication with said dispensing chamber and an outlet in communication with a valve inlet of said dispensing valve.

9. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said flow restriction device comprises an extended length of conduit.

10. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said flow restriction device comprises a nozzle.

11. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said flow restriction device comprises an orifice plate.

12. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said flow restriction device comprises a one-way valve arranged to allow said fluidic drug to flow from said dispensing chamber to said valve inlet of said dispensing valve.

13. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said flow means comprises a flow restriction device having an inlet in communication with said reserve chamber and an outlet in communication with said dispensing chamber.

14. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said flow restriction device comprises an extended length of conduit.

15. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said flow restriction device comprises a nozzle.

16. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said flow restriction device comprises an orifice plate.

17. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said flow restriction device comprises a one-way valve arranged to allow said fluidic drug to flow from said reserve chamber to said dispensing chamber.

18. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said flow means comprises a first flow restriction device having a first inlet in communication with said dispensing chamber and a first outlet in communication with a valve inlet of said dispensing valve, and a second flow restriction device having a second inlet in communication with said reserve chamber and a second outlet in communication with said dispensing chamber.

19. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said flow means is designed so that said dispensing mass flowrate is in a range of about 10 times to about 150 times said refilling mass flowrate.

20. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said force means comprises said outer deformable body having a compressive bias force which urges said outer deformable body in a direction that reduces said volume of said reserve chamber.

21. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 20 wherein said outer deformable body comprises a bellows.

22. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said force means comprises said housing chamber at least partially filled with a propellant.

23. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said force means comprises said housing chamber at least partially filled with a compressible fluid.

24. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said force means comprises a spring having one end attached with respect to said outer deformable body and an opposite end attached with respect to said housing.

25. An implantable drug delivery apparatus according to claim 1 wherein a pressure of said fluidic drug within said dispensing chamber is increased as said outer deformable body is urged in said manner.