Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device having means for selective transfer of memory block contents and for chaining together unused memory blocks

• US 5,611,067 A
• Filed: 03/29/1993
• Issued: 03/11/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Tanaka, Yoshiyuki, Okamoto, Yutaka
• Primary Examiner(s): LANE, JOHN A
• Application Number:
  US08/038,837
• Time in Patent Office: 1,443 Days
• Field of Search: 395/425, 395/500, 395/430, 395/481, 364/251.5, 364/957.3, 364/960.1, 364/965.76, 365/185, 365/218, 365/185.11
• US Class Current: 711/103
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1068 in sector programmable memories, e.g. flash disk G06F11/1072 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/0246 in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 16/102 External programming circuits, e.g. EPROM programmers; In-circuit programming or reprogramming; EPROM emulators
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 29/765 in solid state disks

Abstract

A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device using a NAND-type EEPROM includes a memory unit, a management unit, an erasure unit, and a control unit. The memory unit has a memory cell array divided into blocks each constituting a minimum quantity of data that may be erased. The management unit manages unused blocks. The erasure unit discriminates erased blocks of the unused blocks from non-erased blocks of the unused blocks to erase data stored in the non-erased blocks. The control unit writes data into at least one block of the unused blocks managed by the management unit. In the control unit, when a content of the written data is obtained by changing data recorded in a different block of the memory unit, and the data recorded on the another block is not necessary, the management unit receives information that the different block is an unused block. When the data recorded in the different block is necessary, a necessary part of the data recorded in the different block is copied to a block in which new data is to be written.

Claims

1. A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device using an EEPROM, comprising:

memory means having a memory cell array divided into a plurality of blocks;

managing means for managing unused blocks of said plurality of blocks in which new data is to be written, said unused blocks including erased blocks, which are physically erased, and non-erased blocks, which are logically erased but are not physically erased;

erasing means for discriminating said erased blocks of said unused blocks from said non-erased blocks of said unused blocks and erasing data stored in said non-erased blocks; and

control means for writing data into at least one block of said erased blocks of said unused blocks managed by said managing means, wherein

in case that said data written by said control means is generated by changing data recorded in a different block of said memory means when said data recorded in said different block is not necessary, said control means informs said managing means that said different block is a non-erased block, and when said data recorded in said different block is necessary, said control means copies said data recorded in said different block to one of said erased blocks in which new data is to be written.

2. A device according to claim 1, wherein said managing means forms a chain of unused blocks by chaining said erased and non-erased blocks, and includes a first table for storing a pointer to a first block of said chain, a second table for storing a pointer to a last block of said chain, each memory block of said chain storing a pointer to a next block of said chain and an erase flag indicating whether said next block has been erased.

3. A memory device according to claim 2, wherein a pointer stored in said last unused block of said chain is set to be -1.

4. A device according to claim 2, wherein said managing means further includes means for adding said different block to an end of said chain of said unused blocks when said control means informs said managing means that said different block is a non-erased block.

5. A device according to claim 2, wherein said erasing means includes means for sequentially erasing data of said non-erased blocks by retracing said chain of said unused blocks via said managing means.

6. A device according to claim 1, wherein said erasing means includes means for informing said managing means that data of a non-erased block has been erased when the data of said non-erased block is erased by said erasing means.

7. A device according to claim 1, wherein said control means includes means for sequentially writing data to said erased blocks on the basis of an order in which said erased blocks are arranged in said chain of unused blocks.

8. A device according to claim 1, wherein said memory cell array includes a plurality of memory cells connected in series to form NAND-type memory cells.

9. A device according to claim 1, wherein said managing means forms a chain of unused blocks by chaining tables corresponding to said erased and non-erased blocks, and includes a first table for storing a pointer to a table corresponding to a first block of said chain, a second table for storing a pointer to a table corresponding to a last block of said chain, a plurality of third tables corresponding to said unused blocks of said chain, each of which stores a pointer to a next table corresponding to a next block of said chain, and an erase flag indicating whether said next block has been erased.

10. A device according to claim 9, wherein said managing means further includes means for adding said different block to an end of said chain of said unused blocks when said control means informs said managing means that said different block is a non-erased block.

11. A device according to claim 9, wherein said erasing means includes means for sequentially erasing data of said non-erased blocks by retracing said chain of said unused blocks via said managing means.

12. A system according to claim 9, wherein said managing means includes means for arranging a last unused block at the end of said chain of unused blocks.

13. A system according to claim 12, wherein said chain of unused blocks has an end mark indicating said last unused block of said chain of said unused blocks.

14. A system according to claim 13, wherein said end mark is set as -1 indicating a state in which all of said memory cells are erased.

15. A system according to claim 9, further comprising means for discriminating erased blocks of said unused blocks from non-erased blocks of said unused blocks.

16. A memory system including a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device, comprising:

memory means having an array of memory cells divided into a plurality of blocks including unused blocks, said unused blocks comprising erased blocks, which are physically erased, and non-erased blocks, which are logically erased but are not physically erased;

erasing means for discriminating said erased blocks of said unused blocks from said non-erased blocks of said unused blocks and erasing data stored in said non-erased blocks; and

control means for writing data to said unused blocks on the basis of an order in which said unused blocks are arranged.

17. A system according to claim 16, further comprising managing means for managing said unused blocks of said plurality of blocks by chaining said unused blocks to form a chain of said unused blocks, and wherein said control means sequentially writes data to said unused blocks on the basis of an order in which said unused blocks are arranged in said chain.

18. A system according to claim 17, wherein said managing means includes means for arranging a last unused block at the end of said chain.

19. A system according to claim 18, wherein said chain has an end mark indicating said last unused block of said chain of said unused blocks.

20. A system according to claim 19, wherein said end mark is set as -1 indicating a state in which all of said memory blocks are erased.

21. A system according to claim 17, further comprising means for discriminating said erased blocks of said unused blocks from said non-erased blocks of said unused blocks.