Interceptor seeker/discriminator using infrared/gamma sensor fusion

• US 5,611,502 A
• Filed: 10/23/1995
• Issued: 03/18/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/23/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army
• Inventors: Gebhart, W. Welman, Buff, Randy D., Madewell, J. Michael, Edlin, George R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Eldred, J. Woodrow
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wesson, Theresa M.
• Application Number:
  US08/548,400
• Time in Patent Office: 512 Days
• Field of Search: 244/3.15, 244/3.16, 89/1.11, 250/251
• US Class Current: 244/3.16
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/008 Combinations of different guidance systems
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/22 Homing guidance systems
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2226 comparing the observed data with stored target data, e.g. target configuration data
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/224 Deceiving or protecting means jamming or anti-jamming of radio-wave systems in general G01S7/36, G01S7/38; defense installations in general F41H11/02; chaff dispensers F42B12/70
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2246 Active homing systems, i.e. comprising both a transmitter and a receiver
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2253 Passive homing systems, i.e. comprising a receiver and do not requiring an active illumination of the target
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2286 using radio waves
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2293 using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

Abstract

The disclosed innovative, interceptor seeker discriminator system has the capability to home in on targets containing nuclear materials by detecting the gamma fissions. The gamma signatures can be obtained from activating the nuclear material by a Neutral Particle Beam Weapon, or by detecting the natural fission emissions of the warhead. This system is innovative, in that the following properties are identified: 1) This system uses interactive discrimination techniques, which allows the gamma seeker to accurately home in on a true RV by comparing the return gamma emissions of objects. In this manner, the gamma seeker discriminator is expected to obtain substantially better discrimination K factor performance, when compared to using only IR techniques. 2) This system uses an interceptor/seeker to perform interactive discrimination and gamma sensors in conjunction with infrared sensors on the same interceptor platform (i.e., sensor fusion). A significant enhancement in interceptor performance is expected-by incorporating these methods. 3) This system is ideal for applications involving point defense for Conus Global Positioning Against Limited Strikes (GPALS) threat scenarios, and Nuclear Theater Missile Defense (TMD) threats.

Claims

1. An interceptor seeker and discriminator using infrared and gamma sensors and having the capability of fusing together gamma signatures with infrared information based on tracking signals to allow the interceptor to home in on and destroy a reentry vehicle target containing a nuclear warhead, said infrared and gamma sensors being effective at short distances of about 5 to 10 kilometers and at long distances of more than 100 kilometers, said shorter distance being accomplished without the use of any activation methods and whereas said longer distances being accomplished with activation in order to provide sufficient gamma signal required by a gamma sensor, said interceptor seeker and discriminator employing infrared and gamma sensors comprising:

(i) an interceptor equipped with a variable metric crystals gamma-ray seeker discriminator and infrared sensors for performing the tracking functions of a reentry vehicle target, said variable metric crystal gamma-ray seeker capable of receiving gamma-rays resulting from fission gammas emitted by a reentry vehicle target containing a nuclear warhead so as to identify a reentry vehicle target among decoys in proximity of said reentry vehicle target;

(ii) an infrared sensor for tracking an identified reentry vehicle target, said infrared sensor provided with a variable metric crystal lens selected from a variable metric crystal lens consisting of variable metric crystals whereby the variation in the crystal lattice spacing is obtained by a thermal gradient and a variable metric crystals whereby the variation in the crystal lattice spacing is obtained by a change in its composition, said infrared sensor performing the tracking function;

(iii) signal conditioning electronics means for processing gamma-rays received from a field-of view of a few arc seconds and focused onto detectors of less than one millimeter by said interceptor; and

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(iv) signal and data processing means to provide handover coordinates to an infrared sensor which serves to track a reentry vehicle target and to provide information for said interceptor to intercept of a reentry vehicle target containing a nuclear warhead.

2. The interceptor seeker and discriminator using infrared and gamma sensors as defined in claim 1 and additionally comprising a neutral particle beam source for irradiating a reentry vehicle target associated with decoys or balloons at a longer distance of about 100 to 150 Km whereby after irradiating said reentry vehicle target associated with decoys or balloons the interceptor will turn on said gamma seeker discriminator which scans through the infrared sensor'"'"'s field of view to detect an amount of gamma emissions resulting from the neutral particle beam irradiation greater than the gamma emissions from said decoys or balloons whereby said interceptor designates the reentry vehicle target and provides handover coordinates of the designated reentry vehicle target to the infrared sensor which provides information for said interceptor to intercept the designated reentry vehicle target.

3. The interceptor seeker and discriminator using infrared and gamma sensors and said neutral particle beam source as defined in claim 2 whereby said gamma signals are fused with the infrared information to allow said interceptor to home in on and destroy the designated reentry vehicle target.

4. An interceptor seeker and discriminator using gamma sensors in conjunction with infrared sensors located on the same interceptor platform to accurately discriminate a reenty vehicle target from decoys in proximity of said reentry vehicle target by detecting gammas emanating as a result of natural fission from a warhead contained within said reentry vehicle target and by detecting gammas emanating as a result of activation of a warhead contained within said reentry vehicle target comprising:

(i) an interceptor equipped with a variable metric crystals gamma-ray seeker discriminator and infrared sensors for performing the tracking functions of a reentry vehicle target;

(ii) an infrared sensor for tracking an identified reentry vehicle target, said infrared sensor provided with a variable metric crystal lens selected from a variable metric crystal lens consisting of variable metric crystals whereby the variation in the crystal lattice spacing is obtained by a thermal gradient and a variable metric crystals whereby the variation in the crystal lattice spacing is obtained by a change in its composition, said infrared sensor performing the tracking function;

(iii) signal conditioning electronics mounted within the focal plane of said variable metric crystal gamma sensor for directing the data received from a small instantaneous 0.1 milliradian field-of view which has been focused by said variable metric crystal lens to a detector of diameters of less than one millimeter; and

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(iv) signal and data processor for performing handover coordinates from said infrared sensor to interceptor to make the intercept with a reentry vehicle target.

5. The interceptor seeker and discriminator using gamma sensors in conjunction with infrared sensors as defined in claim 4 wherein said gammas emanating as a result of activation of a warhead contained within said reentry vehicle target is achieved from activation by a neutral particle beam source contained on the same interceptor platform.

6. The interceptor seeker and discriminator using gamma sensors in conjunction with infrared sensors as defined claim 5 wherein gammas signatures and said handover coordinates from said infrared sensor are fused together by said interceptor to achieve interception with a reentry vehicle target.