Low-profile horizon-sampling light sensor

• US 5,612,533 A
• Filed: 12/27/1994
• Issued: 03/18/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Siemens Corp. (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens Corporate Research Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Pearlmutter, Barak P., Judd, J. Stephen
• Primary Examiner(s): Westin, Edward P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Calogero, Stephen
• Application Number:
  US08/364,885
• Time in Patent Office: 812 Days
• Field of Search: 250/208.1, 250/208.6, 250/227.11, 250/227.2, 348/36, 348/135, 348/369, 354/94
• US Class Current: 250/208.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/58 Means for changing the camera field of view without moving the camera body, e.g. nutating or panning of optics or image sensors

Abstract

An omnidirectional light sensor is provided in a disk-like housing including a plurality of successive spaced apart individual radially directed capsules, each including a lens in a frontmost opening on a side edge of the housing, for focussing light rays from surrounding scenery into the interior of the capsule. A prism or reflecting mirror in each capsule receives the focussed light rays for directing them onto an associated photosensor located radially inward in the capsule, for converting the light rays into pixels representing the associated image portion. The pixels form a panoramic digital data strip from the received image portions.

Claims

1. An omnidirectional light sensor for producing a plurality of electrical signals each representative of an image portion of a panoramic picture of associated scenery surrounding said sensor at a given elevation, said sensor comprising:

a disk-like housing including a top section and a bottom section;

a plurality of successive spaced apart individual radially directed capsules each having a frontmost opening along a circumferential edge of said disk, said capsules being formed between and within opposing portions of said top and bottom sections of said disk;

a plurality of photosensors each located radially inward in said plurality of capsules, respectively, for converting light waves from the scenery into electrical signals, the signals from each photosensor representing a bin of pixels of an associated image portion;

a plurality of lenses located in the frontmost openings of each one of said plurality of capsules respectively, for focusing light rays entering an associated said capsule;

a plurality of light ray directing means located in each one of said plurality of capsules, respectively, between an associated lens and photosensor, for directing focused light waves from the associated lens onto a light sensitive portion of the associated photosensor.

2. The omnidirectional light sensor of claim 1, wherein said plurality of light ray directing means each include a mirror positioned in its associated capsule for reflecting focussed light rays from the associated said lens onto its associated photosensor.

3. The omnidirectional light sensor of claim 1, wherein said plurality of lenses, said plurality of light directing means, and said plurality of photosensors are formed on a top portion of said bottom section of said housing opposing said top section.

4. The omnidirectional light sensor of claim 3, wherein said top and bottom sections of said housing each consist of a silicon substrate.

5. The omnidirectional light sensor of claim 3, wherein said plurality of lenses each include convex lenses.

6. The omnidirectional light sensor of claim 5, wherein said plurality of light directing means each include a prism.

7. The omnidirectional light sensor of claim 2, further includes:

said plurality of lenses and said plurality of photosensors being formed on a top portion of said bottom section of said housing opposing said top section; and

said plurality of mirrors being formed on a bottom portion of said top section of said housing opposing said plurality of photosensors, respectively.

8. The omnidirectional light sensor of claim 7, wherein said plurality of mirrors are each formed on a mirrored surface at an angle relative to a horizontal plane of a light sensitive area of an associated photosensor, respectively, for maximizing the focussed light reflected upon the latter.

9. The omnidirectional light sensor of claim 1, wherein each of said plurality of capsules is configured to act as a waveguide for light entering its frontmost opening.