Conservation traffic control load switch

• US 5,612,596 A
• Filed: 10/16/1995
• Issued: 03/18/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/16/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Robert Amerine
• Original Assignee: Conservation Load Switch, Inc.
• Inventors: Wiese, Paul H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pascal, Robert
• Assistant Examiner(s): VU, DAVID HUNG
• Application Number:
  US08/543,300
• Time in Patent Office: 519 Days
• Field of Search: 340/907, 340/911, 340/912, 340/916, 315/291, 315/294, 315/307, 315/DIG. 4, 315/DIG. 7, 315/297, 315/200 R, 315/246, 315/224, 315/225
• US Class Current: 315/291
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 39/02 Switching on, e.g. with predetermined rate of increase of lighting current
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 39/08 by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes also in controlled semiconductor devices in converters H02M5/00; with regulation G05F1/44
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 315/07 Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Abstract

A solid state load switching conservation circuit removably connectable with a control output of a traffic control logic circuit and responsive to an actuating input to energize an incandescent lamp from an a.c. power source exhibiting a given voltage level. The switching circuit conserves electrical power consumption and the life span of incandescent lamps and, in this regard, employs a thyristor switch, triac driver, shunting network, voltage level monitoring network, a.c. cycle monitoring network, and processor to provide a soft start form of turn on for the lamps being energized. Subsequent to the completion of soft start control, the conservation approach of the invention then turns to a voltage regulation mode which regulates the voltage applied to the lamp during traffic logic control illumination intervals such that the lamp is energized at an acceptable but lowered RMS voltage to conserve both energy and lamp life spans. Additionally employed is a failsafe approach wherein reversion is made to the standard lamp illuminating function of the traffic control logic circuit should the conservation based components of the switching circuit fail.

Claims

1. In a lamp switching circuit of a variety having a switching thyristor responsive to an actuating input to supply current from an a.c. source to an incandescent lamp, said a.c. source exhibiting a given voltage level and positive and negative going half cycle characteristics, to an incandescent lamp, said actuating input being derived at a solid state bilateral switch, in turn, having an actuating component responsive to first and second logic control conditions to respectively effect derivation of said actuating input and removal of said actuating input, the conservation circuit comprising:

a solid state shunt switch coupled in shunting relationship across said actuating component, having an on condition applying a shunt across said actuation component removing said actuating input in response to a cycle modulation on condition and having an off condition preventing said shunt across said actuation component in the presence of a cycle modulation off condition;

a logic control monitor network responsive to said first logic control condition to provide a lamp on condition;

a cycle state monitor network responsive to said a.c. source to derive a cycle state signal corresponding with the instantaneous wave shape defining amplitude of each said half cycle; and

a processor responsive, when activated from an inactive to an active state, to the commencement of said lamp on condition of said logic control monitor network, and to said cycle state signal to generate said cycle modulation on condition for a predetermined soft start interval effecting a soft start characterized energization of said incandescent lamp.

2. The conservation circuit of claim 1 in which said processor exhibits said cycle modulation off condition when in said inactive state.

3. The conservation circuit of claim 1 in which said processor is responsive to said cycle state signal to determine the commencement of each said half cycle.

4. The conservation circuit of claim 1 including:

a voltage level monitor network responsive to said a.c. source for deriving a voltage level output corresponding with said given voltage level, said processor being further responsive, when activated, to said voltage level output to derive said predetermined soft start interval in correspondence therewith.

5. The conservation circuit of claim 4 in which said processor includes memory retaining a soft start look-up table having soft start values corresponding with soft start defining intervals for a sequence of source voltage levels;

and

said processor is responsive, when in said active state, to said voltage level output to derive a said soft start value corresponding there with.

6. The conservation circuit of claim 5 in which said processor is responsive to adjust said soft start value for a number of cycles of said a.c. source in a manner progressively diminishing the extent of said predetermined interval of said cycle modulation on condition.

7. The conservation circuit of claim 1 in which:

said actuating component is a diode emitting radiation upon application of current from a control d.c. source thereto in response to said first logic control condition;

said solid state shunt switch comprises a PNP transistor having its emitter and collector electrodes coupled across said diode in said shunt defining relationship, and having its base coupled through a control network including a base-connected resistor coupled with said control d.c. source, and a coupling capacitor, in turn connected for response to said cycle modulation on condition to turn said PNP transistor on, said control network biasing said PNP transistor off in the presence of said cycle modulation off condition.

8. The conservation circuit of claim 1 including:

a voltage level monitor network responsive to said a.c. source for deriving a voltage level output corresponding with said given voltage level; and

said processor is responsive, when in said active state, to said voltage level output, subsequent to said soft start characterized energization of said incandescent lamp and in the continued presence of said first logic control condition, to generate said cycle modulation on condition for a predetermined regulation interval effecting an energization of said incandescent lamp at a predetermined regulated voltage level less than said given voltage level.

9. The conservation circuit of claim 8 in which:

said processor includes memory retaining a regulator look-up table having regulator values corresponding with regulator defining intervals for a sequence of a.c. source voltage levels and, said processor is responsive to access said regulator look-up table and acquire a said regulator value corresponding with said given voltage level to derive said predetermined regulation interval.

10. A method for conserving the electrical power consumption and life span of lamps employed within traffic signals incorporating replaceable solid-state load switches, each employing a triac gatable to apply current from an a.c. source to an incandescent lamp at a given voltage level, an optoisolator driver including an emitting diode coupled with a control d.c. source and responsive to a logic control on condition to be energized from said control d.c. source to effect gating of said triac, comprising the steps of:

monitoring said a.c. source to determine the value of said given voltage level;

monitoring for the presence of said logic control on condition;

monitoring said a.c. source and determining the occurrence of the commencement of each half-cycle thereof;

providing a solid-state shunt switch coupled in shunting relationship across said emitting diode, having an on state inhibiting the said energization of said emitting diode and having an off state permitting the said energization of said emitting diode;

providing a shunt drive network coupled with said shunt switch, including a coupling capacitor and at least one resistor coupled with said control d.c. source, normally biasing said shunt switch into said off state and responsive to a cycle modulation on condition effect said shunt switch on state;

determining an energy conserving optimum voltage value for carrying out the energization of said incandescent lamp;

retaining regulator values for a sequence of a.c. source voltage levels in computer memory, each said retained regulator value corresponding with a regulation interval required in applying said cycle modulation on condition for each half cycle of a said a.c. source of said sequence to effect application of said optimum voltage value to said incandescent lamp;

accessing said memory to obtain an accessed regulator value corresponding with said value of said given voltage level; and

applying said cycle modulation on condition commencing with the said occurrence of each half-cycle of said a.c. source for an interval corresponding with said accessed regulator value, in the presence of said logic control on condition, to effect application of said a.c. source to said incandescent lamp at said optimum voltage value.

11. The method of claim 10 including the steps of:

retaining initial soft start values for a sequence of a.c. source voltage levels in computer memory, each said retained soft start value corresponding with an initial soft start interval required in applying said cycle modulation on condition for each half-cycle of a said a.c. source of said sequence to effect commencement of a soft start for said incandescent lamp;

accessing said memory to obtain an accessed initial soft start value corresponding with said value of said given voltage level;

applying said cycle modulation on condition commencing with the half-cycles of an initial cycle of said a.c. source for an interval corresponding with said accessed initial soft start value at the commencement of said logic control condition;

decrementing said accessed initial soft start value by a predetermined value; and

applying said cycle modulation on condition for each half cycle of a next succeeding cycle of said a.c. source for an interval corresponding with said decremented accessed initial soft start value, in the presence of said logic control on condition.

12. A solid state load switch of a variety removably connected with a control output of a traffic control logic circuit, responsive to a logic control on condition to energize an incandescent lamp from an a.c. source exhibiting a given voltage level and half-cycle characteristic comprising:

a thyristor switch connectable with said a.c. source and said lamp and gatable from an off to an on condition to effect energization of said lamp by said a.c. source;

a driver having a solid-state bilateral switch coupled in gating relationship with said thyristor switch and actuable to gate said thyrister switch into conduction optically by an optically coupled emitting diode when said emitting diode is energized, said emitting diode being electrically connectable between a control d.c. source and said control logic circuit control output and energizable in response to said logic control on condition;

a solid-state shunt switch coupled in shunting relationship across said emitting diode, having an on condition applying a shunt across said emitting diode preventing said energization thereof and a normally off condition enabling said energization;

a shunt drive network coupled with said shunt switch including a coupling capacitor and bias resistor responsive to said control d.c. source to maintain said shunt switch in said normally off condition and responsive to a cycle modulation on condition to derive said shunt switch on condition;

a logic control monitor network responsive to said first logic control on condition to provide a lamp on condition;

a cycle state monitor network responsive to said a.c. source to derive a cycle state signal corresponding with the instantaneous wave shape defining amplitude of said a.c. source;

a voltage level monitor network responsive to said a.c. source for deriving a voltage level output corresponding with said given voltage level;

a processor, responsive to said lamp on condition of said logic control monitor network, said cycle state and said voltage level output to generate said cycle modulation on condition for a predetermined regulation interval during each said half cycle effecting an energization of said incandescent lamp at a predetermined regulator voltage level less than said given voltage level.

13. The solid state load switch of claim 12 in which said processor is responsive to effect said shunt drive network maintenance of said shunt switch normally off condition when said given voltage level is less than said regulator voltage level.

14. The solid state load switch of claim 13 in which said processor is responsive to effect said shunt drive network maintenance of said shunt switch off condition when said given voltage level is less than said regulator voltage level.

15. The solid state load switch of claim 12 in which said processor includes memory retaining a regulator look-up table having regulator values corresponding with regulator defining intervals for a sequence of source voltage levels, said processor further being responsive to access said regulator look-up table and acquire a said regulator value corresponding with said given voltage level to derive said predetermined regulation interval.

16. The solid state load switch of claim 12 in which said processor is responsive to the commencement of said lamp on condition of said logic control monitor circuit to generate said cycle modulation on condition for a predetermined soft start interval effecting a soft start characterized energization of said incandescent lamp.

17. The solid state load switch of claim 16 in which said processor includes soft start memory retaining a soft start look-up table having soft-start values corresponding with soft-start defining intervals for a sequence of source voltage levels, said processor being further responsive to said voltage level output to derive a said soft start value corresponding therewith.

18. The solid state load switch of claim 17 in which said processor is responsive to adjust said soft start value for a number of cycles of said a.c. source in a manner progressively diminishing the extent of said predetermined interval of said cycle modulation on condition.

19. The solid state load switch of claim 18 in which said processor is responsive to adjust said soft start value until the soft start interval corresponding therewith is equivalent to said predetermined regulation interval and, thereafter to generate said cycle modulation on condition for said predetermined regulation interval in the continued presence of said lamp on condition.

20. The solid state load of claim 19 in which said processor includes regulator memory retaining a regulator look-up table having regulator values corresponding with regulator defining intervals for a sequence of source voltage levels, said processor further being responsive to access said regulator look-up table and acquire a said regulator value corresponding with said given voltage level to derive said predetermined regulation interval.