Modulating array QAM transmitter

• US 5,612,651 A
• Filed: 01/02/1996
• Issued: 03/18/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 01/02/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Loral Aerospace Corp. (MHR Holdings LLC (New York))
• Inventors: Chethik, Frank
• Primary Examiner(s): Grimm, Siegfried H.
• Application Number:
  US08/582,604
• Time in Patent Office: 441 Days
• Field of Search: 332/103, 332/104, 332/105, 375/261, 375/279, 375/280, 375/281, 375/298, 375/308
• US Class Current: 332/103
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/22 using redundant apparatus to increase reliability
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/362 Modulation using more than one carrier, e.g. with quadrature carriers, separately amplitude modulated H04L27/366 takes precedence

Abstract

This invention pertains to a method for producing high power microwave transmission signals conveying one of a plurality of symbols, wherein a symbol represents a plurality of bits, and also to a modulating array transmitter that operates in accordance with the method. The method includes a first step of applying j bits to a data storage device to address the data storage device to output N bits to N/2 QPSK modulators. Each of the N/2 QPSK modulators receives a subset (a pair) of the N bits. Each of the bit pairs specifies one of up to four phase shifts. Within each of the N/20 PSK modulators, a next step phase modulates a reference (e.g., local oscillator) signal in accordance with a phase shift specified by the received pair of bits. A next step amplifies the outputs of each of the N/2 QPSK modulators to produce respective amplified QPSK modulated signals. A further step combines the amplified OPSK modulated signals by vector addition to produce one of a plurality of symbols, wherein the produced symbol represents a value of the j (even number) input bits. Also disclosed is a BPSK embodiment of the invention, wherein there are N BPSK modulators, each receiving one of the N bits.

Claims

1. A method for producing one of a plurality of symbols, wherein the produced symbol represents j bits, comprising the steps of:

applying j input bits to a data storage device to output N bits to N/2 QPSK modulators, each of the N/2 QPSK modulators receiving a pair of the N bits, each of bit pairs specifying one of four phase shifts;

within each of the N/2 QPSK modulators, QPSK modulating a reference signal in accordance with a phase shift specified by the received bit pair;

amplifying the outputs of each of the N/2 QPSK modulators to produce respective amplified signals; and

combining the amplified signals to produce one of a plurality of QAM symbols, wherein each produced QAM symbol represents a particular value of the j bits.

2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the plurality of symbols form a constellation, and wherein the number of symbols of the constellation is a function of the number of j bits.

3. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of combining produces one of up to 2^j symbols of a symbol constellation.

4. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of applying further comprises the steps of:

applying the j input bits to a plurality of address inputs of the data storage device,

in response to the applied j bits, selecting a corresponding one of M words stored within the data storage device, each of the M words being comprised of a plurality of subsets of the N bits, to output the plurality of subsets of the N bits to the N/2 QPSK modulators.

5. A method as set forth in claim 4, wherein the step of combining the amplified signals produces one of M distinct QAM symbols of the constellation, and wherein the one of M distinct symbols represents the particular value of the applied j bits.

6. A method as set forth in claim 1, and further comprising the initial steps of:

applying a plurality of j-bit input patterns to the data storage device;

monitoring the combined amplified signals; and

selecting as QAM symbols those combined amplified signals that are located nearest to predetermined locations in an I-Q plane.

7. A modulating array transmitter comprising:

data storage means storing M words each comprised of N bits, said data storage means having a plurality of inputs for selecting one of said M words to output said N bits of said selected word;

a plurality of modulating means, each of, said modulating means having a first input coupled to a reference signal and at least one second input coupled to an output of said data storage means, each of said modulating means comprising means for phase modulating said reference signal for generating one state of a signal constellation in response to receiving a subset of said N bits from said data storage means;

a plurality of amplifying means, individual ones of said plurality of amplifying means being coupled to an output of an individual one of said plurality of modulating means; and

means for combining outputs of said plurality of amplifying means to generate a symbol representing a value of data bits that are applied to said plurality of inputs of said data storage means.

8. A modulating array transmitter as set forth in claim 7, wherein each of said plurality of modulating means is a QPSK modulator, and wherein said subset of N bits is equal to two bits.

9. A modulating array transmitter as set forth in claim 7, wherein each of said plurality of modulating means is a BPSK modulator (180°

phase keyer), and wherein said subset of N bits is equal to one bit.

10. A modulating array transmitter as set forth in claim 7, wherein individual ones of said plurality of modulating means that are coupled to individual ones of said plurality of amplifying means form a portion of a power element, and further comprising:

at least one switching means;

at least one spare power element, comprising;

a redundant phase modulating means; and

a redundant amplifying means coupled to an output of said redundant phase modulating means;

wherein said at least one spare power element, said at least one switching means, and at least one of said power element are configured in a manner such that said at least one switching means can switchably couple said at least one spare power element to outputs of said data storage means.

11. A transmitter comprising:

a plurality of PSK modulators each comprising means for PSK modulating a local oscillator signal in accordance with a digital input signal comprised of a predetermined number of bits;

a plurality of amplifiers individual ones of which have an input coupled to an output of one of said PSK modulators; and

means for combining together amplified PSK modulated signals emanating from said plurality of amplifiers and outputting a composite signal representing a symbol within a QAM symbol constellation.

12. A transmitter as set forth in claim 11, and further comprising data storage means storing M words each comprised of a plurality of bits, said data storage means having a plurality of address inputs for receiving j digital input signals selecting one of said M words, said data storage means having a plurality of outputs for outputting, for each of said selected M words, said predetermined number of bits to each of said PSK modulators.

13. A transmitter as set forth in claim 11, wherein said combining means includes means for vectorially adding said amplified PSK modulated signals emanating from said plurality of amplifiers.

14. A transmitter as set forth in claim 11, wherein each of said PSK modulators is a QPSK modulator.

15. A transmitter as set forth in claim 11, wherein each of said PSK modulators is a BPSK modulator.