Two-dimensional code recognition method

• US 5,616,905 A
• Filed: 02/16/1995
• Issued: 04/01/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 02/24/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Tec (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Tec (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Sugiyama, Makoto
• Primary Examiner(s): Hajec, Donald T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wigmore, Steven
• Application Number:
  US08/389,591
• Time in Patent Office: 775 Days
• Field of Search: 235/456, 235/470, 235/471
• US Class Current: 235/456
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/1093 sensing, after transfer of the image of the data-field to an intermediate store, e.g. storage with cathode ray tube
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/1417 2D bar codes
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/1452 detecting bar code edges

Abstract

According to a two-dimensional code recognition method of the present invention, first, a two-dimensional image is input in step S1, and an edge is detected in step S2. This edge detection is performed by scanning pixels on a scanning line every several dots. A straight line is extracted in accordance with the Hough transform and the least square approximation in step S3, and a combination of straight lines is selected in step S4. Then, the size of a figure is detected in step S5. In step S6, two remaining straight lines are extracted, and the figure is extracted. In step S7, matrix information is extracted from the extracted figure, and codes are recognized. The flow returns to the selection of a combination of straight lines in step S4 until the straight line detection and the figure recognition can be accurately performed in steps S5, S6, and S7.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional code recognition apparatus comprising:

an image reading section for optically reading an image including a rectangular two-dimensional code figure and for converting the read image into image information of a dot matrix form corresponding to coordinates of reading points;

an image memory section for storing the image information produced by said image reading section;

an image processing section for extracting a part of the image information stored in said image memory section which corresponds to the two-dimensional code figure, and for detecting two-dimensional code data from the extracted part of the image information;

wherein said image processing section includes;

(i) edge point detecting means for detecting edge points forming an outline of the two-dimensional code figure by scanning rows and columns of the image information which are respectively separated by a predetermined number in column and row directions, (ii) straight line approximating means for performing an approximating operation of obtaining straight lines corresponding to the detected edge points by Hough transform and for determining two perpendicularly intersecting straight lines within a result of the Hough transform by a least square approximation, and (iii) specifying means for specifying the part of the image information corresponding to the two-dimensional code figure based on positions of the determined two perpendicularly intersecting straight lines.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said edge point detecting means includes checking means for sampling and checking pixels separated by a predetermined number in each of the rows and columns of the image information to be scanned.

3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said image memory section includes means, responsive to the image information being decomposed into odd and even fields, for reading one of the odd and even fields and obtaining the other of the odd and even field from the read field by interpolation.

4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said edge point detecting means includes means for fully scanning rows and columns of the image information to which continuous addresses are assigned in said image memory section, and means for scanning within a restricted range rows and columns of the image information to which continuous addresses are not assigned, said restricted range being restricted based on a position of the two-dimensional code figure schematically obtained as a result of fully scanning said rows and columns to which continuous addresses are assigned.

5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said straight line approximating means includes means, responsive to said straight line approximating means obtaining a plurality of straight line candidates each passing at least two of the detected edge points by Hough transform, for regarding straight line candidates which are set at a substantially same angle e and a substantially same distance R from an origin as being identical to each other and means for eliminating redundant identical straight line candidates.

6. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said specifying means includes means for obtaining positions of two perpendicularly intersecting straight lines remaining as an outline of the rectangular two-dimensional code figure based on lengths of the two straight lines determined by the straight line approximating means.

7. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said image processing section further includes converting means for converting the extracted part of the image information into two-dimensional code data based on sizes of the two-dimensional code figure and data elements arranged in a matrix form within a code data area of the two-dimensional code figure.

8. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said converting means includes means, responsive to said specifying means obtaining dashed straight lines formed of white and black cells arranged in series as the remaining two straight lines of the rectangular two-dimensional code figure, for detecting a size of a data element from a size of the white and black cells.

9. A two-dimensional code recognition apparatus comprising:

an image reading section for optically reading an image including a rectangular two-dimensional code figure and for converting the read image into image information of a dot matrix form corresponding to coordinates of reading points;

an image memory section for storing the image information produced by said image reading section;

an image processing section for extracting a part of the image information stored in said image memory section, which corresponds to the two-dimensional code figure, and for detecting two-dimensional code data from the extracted part of the image information;

wherein said image processing section includes;

(i) edge point detecting means for detecting edge points forming an outline of the two-dimensional code figure by scanning rows and columns of the image information which are respectively separated by a predetermined number in column and row directions, (ii) straight line approximating means for performing an approximating operation of obtaining straight lines corresponding to the detected edge points by Hough transform and for determining four perpendicularly intersecting straight lines within a result of Hough transform by a least square approximation, and (iii) specifying means for specifying the part of the image information corresponding to the two-dimensional code figure based on positions of the four perpendicularly intersecting straight lines.

10. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said edge point detecting means includes checking means for sampling and checking pixels separated by a predetermined number in each of the rows and columns of the image information to be scanned.

11. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said image memory section includes means, responsive to the image information being decomposed into odd and even fields, for reading one of the odd and even fields and obtaining the other of the odd and even field from the read field by interpolation.

12. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said edge point detecting means includes means for fully scanning rows and columns of the image information to which continuous addresses are assigned in said image memory section, and means for scanning within a restricted range rows and columns of the image information to which continuous addresses are not assigned, said restricted range being restricted based on a position of the two-dimensional code figure schematically obtained as a result of fully scanning said rows and columns to which continuous addresses are assigned.

13. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said straight line approximating means includes means, responsive to said straight line approximating means obtaining a plurality of straight line candidates each passing at least two of the detected edge points by Hough transform, for regarding straight line candidates which are set at a substantially same angle e and a substantially same distance R from an origin as being identical to each other and means for eliminating redundant identical straight line candidates.

14. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said image processing section further includes converting means for converting the extracted part of the image information into two-dimensional code data based on sizes of the two-dimensional code figure and data elements arranged in a matrix form within a code data area of the two-dimensional code figure.

15. A two-dimensional code recognition method comprising steps of:

optically reading an image including a rectangular two-dimensional code figure and converting the read image into image information of a dot matrix form corresponding to coordinates of reading points;

storing the image information in an image memory section;

performing an image processing operation of extracting a part of the image information stored in said image memory section which corresponds to the two-dimensional code figure, and detecting two-dimensional code data from the extracted part of the image information;

wherein said image processing step includes the substeps of (i) detecting edge points forming an outline of the two-dimensional code figure by scanning rows and columns of the image information which are respectively separated by a predetermined number in column and row directions, (ii) performing an approximating operation of obtaining straight lines corresponding to the detected edge points by Hough transform and determining two perpendicularly intersecting straight lines within a result of Hough transform by a least square approximation, and (iii) specifying the part of the image information corresponding to the two-dimensional code figure based on positions of the two perpendicularly intersecting straight lines.

16. A method according to claim 15, wherein said edge point detecting step includes a substep of sampling and checking pixels separated by a predetermined number in each of the rows and columns of the image information to be scanned.

17. A method according to claim 15, wherein when the image information is decomposed into odd and even fields said storing step includes a substep of reading one of the odd and even fields and obtaining the other of the odd and even field from the read field by interpolation.

18. A method according to claim 15, wherein said edge point detecting substep includes a substep of fully scanning ones of the rows and columns of the image information to which continuous addresses are assigned in said image memory section, and a further substep of scanning within a restricted range rows and columns of the image information to which continuous addresses are not assigned, said restricted range being based on a position of the two-dimensional code figure schematically obtained as a result of fully scanning said rows and columns to which continuous addresses are assigned.

19. A method according to claim 15, wherein when said straight line approximating substep obtains a plurality of straight line candidates each passing at least two of the detected edge points by Hough transform, said straight line approximating substep includes a substep of regarding straight line candidates which are set at a substantially same angle e and a substantially same distance R from an origin as being identical to each other, and a further substep of eliminating redundant identical straight line candidates.

20. A method according to claim 15, wherein said specifying substep includes a substep of obtaining positions of two perpendicularly intersecting straight lines remaining as an outline of the rectangular two-dimensional code figure based on lengths of the two straight lines determined in the straight line approximating substep.

21. A method according to claim 20, wherein said image processing step further includes a substep of converting the extracted part of the image information into two-dimensional code data based on sizes of the two-dimensional code figure and data elements arranged in a matrix form within a code data area of the two-dimensional code figure.

22. A method according to claim 21, wherein when said specifying substep obtains dashed straight lines formed of white and black cells arranged in series as the remaining two straight lines of the rectangular two-dimensional code figure, said converting substep includes a substep of detecting a size of a data element from a size of the white and black cells.

23. A two-dimensional code recognition method comprising steps of:

optically reading an image including a rectangular two-dimensional code figure and converting the read image into image information of a dot matrix form corresponding to coordinates of reading points;

storing the image information in an image memory section;

performing an image processing operation of extracting a part of the image information stored in said image memory section which corresponds to the two-dimensional code figure, and detecting two-dimensional code data from the extracted part of the image information;

wherein said image processing step includes the substeps of (i) detecting edge points forming an outline of the two-dimensional code figure by scanning rows and columns of the image information which are respectively separated by a predetermined number in column and row directions, (ii) performing an approximating operation of obtaining straight lines corresponding to the detected edge points by Hough transform and determining four perpendicularly intersecting straight lines within a result of Hough transform by a least square approximation, and (iii) specifying the part of the image information corresponding to the two-dimensional code figure based on positions of the four perpendicularly intersecting straight lines.

24. A method according to claim 23, wherein said edge point detecting step includes a substep of sampling and checking pixels separated by a predetermined number in each of the rows and columns of the image information to be scanned.

25. A method according to claim 23, wherein when the image information is decomposed into odd and even fields said storing step includes a substep of reading one of the odd and even fields and obtaining the other of the odd and even field from the read field by interpolation.

26. A method according to claim 23, wherein said edge point detecting substep includes a substep of fully scanning ones of the rows and columns of the image information to which continuous addresses are assigned in said image memory section, and a further substep of scanning within a restricted range rows and columns of the image information to which continuous addresses are not assigned, said restricted range being based on a position of the two-dimensional code figure schematically obtained as a result of fully scanning said rows and columns to which continuous addresses are assigned.

27. A method according to claim 23, wherein when said straight line approximating substep obtains a plurality of straight line candidates each passing at least two of the detected edge points by Hough transform, said straight line approximating substep includes a substep of regarding straight line candidates which are set at a substantially same angle e and a substantially same distance R from an origin as being identical to each other, and a further substep of eliminating redundant identical straight line candidates.

28. A method according to claim 23, wherein said image processing step further includes a substep of converting the extracted part of the image information into two-dimensional code data based on sizes of the two-dimensional code figure and data elements arranged in a matrix form within a code data area of the two-dimensional code figure.