Apparatus and method for reading utility meters

• US 5,619,192 A
• Filed: 06/14/1994
• Issued: 04/08/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Logicon, Inc. (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Inventors: Ayala, Raymond F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Mullen, Thomas
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wu, Daniel J.
• Application Number:
  US08/259,723
• Time in Patent Office: 1,029 Days
• Field of Search: 340/505, 340/870.02, 340/870.03, 340/870.18, 340/870.31, 340/870.4, 340/825.54, 324/115, 324/127, 324/142, 324/103 R, 455/41, 455/66, 455/106, 364/464.04, 364/483
• US Class Current: 340/870.02
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/006 Remote reading of utility meters to a non-fixed location, i.e. mobile location
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 21/133 by using digital technique
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 22/00 Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 17/04 using magnetically coupled devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading

Abstract

An electronic meter reader having a transmitter and antenna for inductively transmitting alternating current power in any selected one of a plurality of frequencies. The reader further includes a receiver for inductively receiving meter reading data from the meter being read represented by a load modulation of the transmitted frequency. A bandpass filter limits the bandwidth of the modulation frequency. The power transmitted by the transmitter may also be used by the meter to generate and transmit data representative of the meter reading back to the reader. A second receiver is also provided for inductively receiving reading data from the meter in the form of a modulated frequency generated by the meter. The reader includes a microprocessor and program which control the generation of a plurality of interrogation signal formats, and which decode a plurality of received data formats.

Claims

1. A reader for receiving data indicative of the reading of a utility meter, comprising:

means for inductively transmitting power to the meter at a frequency to which the utility meter will respond, said means being able to transmit power at a plurality of frequencies since different types of utility meters respond to different frequencies; and

means for inductively receiving data from the meter represented by load modulation of the transmitted frequency, the transmitted frequency thereby having a modulation envelope.

2. The reader according to claim 1 wherein the transmitted power includes an interrogation signal.

3. The reader according to claim 1 further comprising selectable filter means for controlling the bandwidth of the modulation envelope.

4. The reader according to claim 1 further comprising means for inductively receiving data from the meter represented by an amplitude modulated frequency generated by the meter.

5. The reader according to claim 1 wherein the reader includes a primary battery supply connectable to an external battery charger and memory means for storing a program received from an external computer, the battery charger producing a battery charging signal when connected to the battery supply and the external computer producing a programming signal when transferring a program to the memory means, further comprising:

interface means responsive to a simultaneous battery charging signal and programming signal to produce a program mode signal; and

microprocessor means for controlling the transfer of the program into the memory in response to the program mode signal.

6. The reader according to claim 5 further comprising a detachable probe having wire terminals directly connectable to the meter for receiving said data.

7. The reader according to claim 1 further comprising:

converter means for converting the data in the form of the modulation envelope to a digital data signal; and

program means for controlling the operation of the converter means.

8. The reader according to claim 3 further comprising means for inductively receiving data from the meter represented by a frequency generated by the meter.

9. The reader according to claim 8 further comprising:

converter means for converting the data in the form of the modulated transmitted frequency to a digital data signal; and

program means for controlling the operation of the converter means.

10. The reader according to claim 8 wherein the reader includes a primary battery supply connectable to an external battery charger and memory means for storing a program received from an external computer, the battery charger producing a battery charging signal when connected to the battery supply and the external computer producing a programming signal when transferring a program to the memory means, further comprising:

interface means responsive to a simultaneous battery charging signal and programming signal to produce a program mode signal; and

microprocessor means for controlling the transfer of the program into the memory in response to the program mode signal.

11. The reader according to claim 8 further comprising:

a detachable probe having wire terminals directly connectable to the meter for receiving said data.

12. The reader according to claim 11 further comprising:

a random access memory; and

a secondary battery means for supplying power to the memory in the event of failure of the primary battery supply.

13. A reader for receiving data indicative of the reading of a utility meter, comprising:

means for inductively transmitting power at a selected frequency to the meter;

means for inductively receiving data from the meter represented by load modulation of the transmitted frequency;

the frequency thereby having a modulation envelope; and

filter means for controlling the bandwidth of the modulation envelope.

14. The reader according to claim 13 further comprising:

converter means for converting the data in the form of the modulation envelope to a digital data signal; and

program means for controlling the operation of the converter means.

15. The reader according to claim 13 wherein the filter means has an adjustable low end frequency value whereby said bandwidth is controlled.

16. A reader for receiving data indicative of the reading of a utility meter having a register containing the data, comprising:

means for inductively transmitting power at a selected frequency to the register at a frequency to which the register will respond, said means being able to transmit power at a plurality of frequencies since different types of utility meters respond to different frequencies;

first means for inductively receiving data from the register in the form of load modulation of the transmitted frequency;

the frequency thereby having a modulation envelope; and

second means for inductively receiving data from the register in the form of an amplitude modulated frequency generated by the meter.

17. The reader according to claim 16 further comprising filter means for controlling the bandwidth of the load modulation envelope.

22. The method according to claim 17 further comprising the steps of:

converting the variations in the modulation envelope of the transmitted power from an analog to a digital form; and

controlling the converting with a program.

23. The method according to claim 17 further comprising:

alternatively to the step of modulating the frequency of the transmitted power, storing the transmitted power at the meter;

transmitting to the reader antenna a frequency signal varying to represent the meter reading from an antenna at the meter using the transmitted power stored at the meter; and

sensing the varying frequency signal to determine the meter reading.

25. The method according to claim 17 further comprising the step of controlling the bandwidth of the modulation envelope of the transmitted power.

18. A reader for receiving data representative of the reading of a utility meter, comprising:

means for inductively transmitting an interrogation signal to the meter in any selected one of a plurality of formats;

means for inductively receiving from the meter any one of a plurality of data formats determined by the format of the interrogation signal and representative of reading data of the meter; and

microprocessor and program means for controlling the selection of the interrogation signal format and decoding the reading data in any one of the data formats.

19. A reader for receiving data indicative of the reading of a utility meter having a register containing the data, comprising:

means for inductively transmitting an interrogation signal to the meter at a frequency to which the utility meter will respond, said means being able to transmit the interrogation signal at a plurality of frequencies since different types of utility meters respond to different frequencies,;

means for generating and transmitting at the meter a data signal representative of the meter reading data; and

means for inductively receiving the data signal from the meter.

20. The reader according to claim 19 wherein the interrogation signal has a plurality of selectable formats.

24. The method according to claim 19 further comprising the steps of:

converting the variations in the modulated frequency from an analog to a digital form; and

controlling the converting with a program.

21. A method for reading a utility meter comprising the steps of:

transmitting electrical power from a reader antenna to the meter;

selecting the frequency at which the power is transmitted from a plurality of frequencies the reader is capable of transmitting, wherein different meters respond to different frequencies;

load modulating the transmitted power to represent the meter reading; and

sensing the variations in the electrical power being transmitted as a result of the modulation to determine the meter reading.