Battery charger monitoring battery voltage and/or temperature at relevant sampling interval

• US 5,621,302 A
• Filed: 06/05/1995
• Issued: 04/15/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/03/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hitachi KOKI Company Limited (Koki Holdings Co., Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi KOKI Company Limited (Koki Holdings Co., Ltd.)
• Inventors: Shinohara, Shigeru
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Law, Patrick B.
• Application Number:
  US08/462,267
• Time in Patent Office: 680 Days
• Field of Search: 320/20, 320/21, 320/22, 320/23, 320/24, 320/31, 320/32, 320/33, 320/35, 320/36, 320/37, 320/38, 320/39, 320/43
• US Class Current: 320/148
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007184 in response to battery voltage gradient
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 of the battery

Abstract

A charge current to be supplied to a battery is selected depending on a remaining capacity of the battery to be charged and/or an initial temperature of the battery to be charged. A battery voltage or a battery temperature is being monitored and sampled at a relevant sampling interval determined depending on the selected charge current. A difference between two battery voltages or between two battery temperatures at two sampling points is sequentially computed and whether or not the battery has reached a fully charged condition is determined based on the computed results.

Claims

1. A battery charger for charging a battery, comprising:

battery status detecting means for detecting a status of the battery;

charge current selecting means for selecting, according to the status of the battery as detected by said battery status detecting means, a charge current to be supplied to the battery from a plurality of different charge currents;

battery voltage detecting means for detecting a voltage across the battery and for outputting a detected voltage of the battery;

sampling means for sampling the detected voltage of the battery;

sampling interval determining means for determining, based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means, a sampling interval to be posed between successive samplings implemented by said sampling means, the sampling interval determined by said sampling interval determining means and the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means being substantially in an inversely proportional relationship;

charging means for charging the battery with the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means throughout a charging process until a fully charged condition is reached; and

full charge detecting means for detecting that the battery has reached the fully charged condition based on detected voltages of the battery as sampled by said sampling means.

2. A battery charger according to claim 1, wherein said battery status detecting means comprises remaining capacity detecting means for detecting a remaining capacity of the battery, and wherein said charge current selecting means selects the charge current according to the remaining capacity of the battery detected by said remaining capacity detecting means.

3. A battery charger according to claim 2, wherein the remaining capacity of the battery is detected based on an increase of the detected voltage of the battery during a predetermined period of time from a start of charge.

4. A battery charger for charging a battery, comprising:

battery status detecting means for detecting a status of the battery;

charge current selecting means for selecting, according to the status of the battery as detected by said battery status detecting means, a charge current to be supplied to the battery from a plurality of different charge currents;

battery voltage detecting means for detecting a voltage across the battery and for outputting a detected voltage of the battery;

sampling means for sampling the detected voltage of the battery;

sampling interval determining means for determining, based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means, a sampling interval to be posed between successive samplings implemented by said sampling means; and

full charge detecting means for detecting that the battery has reached a fully charged condition based on detected voltages of the battery as sampled by said sampling means;

wherein said full charge detecting means comprises computing means for computing a difference between two detected voltages of the battery sampled at two sampling points by said sampling means and for outputting a computed result representative of the difference between the two detected voltages of the battery, comparison means for comparing the computed result with a predetermined value, and charge terminating means for terminating charge of the battery when said comparison means indicates that the computed result is greater than the predetermined value.

5. A battery charger according to claim 4, wherein said computing means computes said difference between two detected voltages of the battery sampled at two successive sampling points.

6. A battery charger according to claim 4, wherein said computing means computes said difference between two detected voltages of the battery sampled at two sampling points being apart in time by at least two sampling intervals.

7. A battery charger according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined value is set based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means.

8. A battery charger for charging a battery, comprising:

battery status detecting means for detecting a status of the battery;

charge current selecting means for selecting, according to the status of the battery as detected by said battery status detecting means, a charge current to be supplied to the battery from a plurality of different charge currents;

battery voltage detecting means for detecting a voltage across the battery and for outputting a detected voltage of the battery;

sampling means for sampling the detected voltage of the battery;

sampling interval determining means for determining, based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means, a sampling interval to be posed between successive samplings implemented by said sampling means; and

full charge detecting means for detecting that the battery has reached a fully charged condition based on detected voltages of the battery as sampled by said sampling means;

wherein said full charge detecting means comprises;

computing means for computing a difference between two detected voltages of the battery sampled at two sampling points by said sampling means and for sequentially outputting and updating a computed result representative of the difference between the two detected voltages of the battery;

first comparison means for comparing the computed result with a first predetermined value;

second comparison means, operable only when said first comparison means indicates that the computed result is greater than the first predetermined value, for comparing the computed result with a second predetermined value; and

charge terminating means for terminating charge of the battery when said second comparison means indicates that the computed result falls below the second predetermined value.

9. A battery charger according to claim 8, wherein said computing means computes said difference between two detected voltages of the battery sampled at two successive sampling points.

10. A battery charger according to claim 8, wherein said computing means computes said difference between two detected voltages of the battery sampled at two sampling points being apart in time by at least two sampling intervals.

11. A battery charger according to claim 8, wherein the first predetermined value and the second predetermined value are set based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means.

12. A battery charger for charging a battery, comprising:

battery status detecting means for detecting a status of the battery;

charge current selecting means for selecting, according to the status of the battery as detected by said battery status detecting means, a charge current to be supplied to the battery from a plurality of different charge currents;

battery temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of the battery and for outputting a detected temperature of the battery;

sampling means for sampling the detected temperature of the battery;

sampling interval determining means for determining, based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means, a sampling interval to be posed between successive samplings implemented by said sampling means, the sampling interval determined by said sampling interval determining means and the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means being substantially in an inversely proportional relationship;

charging means for charging the battery with the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means throughout a charging process until a fully charged condition is reached; and

full charge detecting means for detecting that the battery has reached the fully charged condition based on detected temperature of the battery as sampled by said sampling means.

13. A battery charger according to claim 12, wherein the status of the battery is a temperature of the battery before charging.

14. A battery charger according to claim 12, wherein said full charge detecting means comprises computing means for computing a difference between two detected temperatures of the battery sampled at two sampling points by said sampling means and for outputting a computed result representative of the difference between the two detected temperatures of the battery, comparison means for comparing the computed result with a predetermined value, and charge terminating means for terminating charge of the battery when said comparison means indicates that the computed result is greater than the predetermined value.

15. A battery charger according to claim 14, wherein said computing means computes said difference between two detected temperatures of the battery sampled at two successive sampling points.

16. A battery charger according to claim 14, wherein said computing means computes said difference between two detected temperatures of the battery sampled at two sampling points being apart in time by at least two sampling intervals.

17. A battery charger for charging a battery, comprising:

battery status detecting means for detecting a status of the battery;

charge current selecting means for selecting, according to the status of the battery as detected by said battery status detecting means, a charge current to be supplied to the battery from a plurality of different charge currents;

battery temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of the battery and for outputting a detected voltage of the battery;

sampling means for sampling the detected temperature of the battery;

sampling interval determining means for determining, based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means, a sampling interval to be posed between successive samplings implemented by said sampling means; and

full charge detecting means for detecting that the battery has reached a fully charged condition based on detected temperature of the battery as sampled by said sampling means;

wherein said full charge detecting means comprising computing means for computing a difference between two detected temperatures of the battery sampled at two sampling points by said sampling means and for outputting a computed result representative of the difference between the two detected temperatures of the battery, comparison means for comparing the computed result with a predetermined value, and charge terminating means for terminating charge of the battery when said comparison means indicates that the computed result is greater than the predetermined value;

wherein the predetermined value is set based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means.

18. A battery charger for charging a battery, comprising:

battery status detecting means for detecting a status of the battery;

charge current selecting means for selecting, according to the status of the battery as detected by said battery status detecting means, a charge current to be supplied to the battery from a plurality of different charge currents;

charging progress detecting means for detecting a charging progress of the battery and for outputting a detecting signal indicative of the charging progress of the battery;

sampling means for sampling the detection signal;

sampling interval determining means for determining, based on the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means, a sampling interval to be posed between successive samplings implemented by said sampling means, the sampling interval determined by said sampling interval determining means and the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means being substantially in an inversely proportional relationship;

charging means for charging the battery with the charge current selected by said charge current selecting means throughout a charging process until a fully charged condition is reached; and

full charge detecting means for detecting that the battery has reached the fully charged condition based on the detection signal as sampled by said sampling means.

19. A battery charger according to claim 18, wherein said battery status detecting means comprises remaining capacity detecting means for detecting a remaining capacity of the battery, and wherein said charge current selecting means selects the charge current according to the remaining capacity of the battery detected by said remaining capacity detecting means.

20. A battery charger according to claim 19, wherein the remaining capacity of the battery is detected based on an increase of the detected voltage of the battery during a predetermined period of time from a start of charge.