Multi-stage transponder wake-up, method and structure

• US 5,621,412 A
• Filed: 06/07/1995
• Issued: 04/15/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 04/26/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Inventors: Hamlett, Mark A., Sharpe, Claude A., Hurta, Dwaine S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sotomayor, John B.
• Application Number:
  US08/479,056
• Time in Patent Office: 678 Days
• Field of Search: 342/42, 342/44, 342/50, 342/51, 340/825.94, 340/825.32, 340/825.34
• US Class Current: 340/10.33
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/74 Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/767 Responders; Transponders teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using reflecting targets or active targets F41G3/26
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0705 the battery being connected to a power saving arrangement
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0707 the arrangement being capable of collecting energy from external energy sources, e.g. thermocouples, vibration, electromagnetic radiation G06K19/0702 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0712 the arrangement being capable of triggering distinct operating modes or functions dependent on the strength of an energy or interrogation field in the proximity of the record carrier active means for hindering electromagnetic reading or writing G06K19/07336
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G07B 15/063 using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station identification of vehicles G08G
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/017 identifying vehicles G08G1/015, G08G1/054 take precedence

Abstract

A system and method which conserves energy in the operation of a transponder or tag (14) by providing that the transponder (14) be enabled or awakened in multiple stages. A threshold detector (62) is provided which measures the power level of received RF energy. If the RF energy received by the detector (62) exceeds a pre-determined level, the transponder (14) then employs a modulation detector (64) to ascertain whether it has been awakened by a valid interrogation signal from an interrogator (12) or whether the RF energy received was merely a spurious burst of RF energy from some other source. If a pre-determined modulation is detected by the modulation detector (64), the transponder (14) is then fully activated to its normal operational state.

Claims

1. A remote identification system comprising an interrogator and a transponder for identifying and locating a vehicle comprising:

an interrogator having a transmitter for transmitting a wake-up signal, an interrogation signal and a continuous wave RF signal and a receiver for receiving a transponder response signal;

a transponder comprising

a wake-up circuit for receiving said wake-up signal and in response to said wake-up signal, applying a clock signal to a modulating circuit in said transponder;

a discriminator for receiving said interrogation signal and determining which lane said transponder is located;

said modulating circuit for modulating said received continuous wave RF signal with transponder reply data upon receipt of said clock signal.

2. The system of claim 1 further comprising a controller circuit for initiating said interrogator to first send said wake-up signal, to secondly send said interrogation signal and to thirdly send said continuous wave RF signal.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein said discriminator determines which lane a transponder is located within by receiving a first second and third interrogation signal during first, second and third interrogation periods respectively and discriminating among the different field strength pulses received.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein said continuous wave RF signal is transmitted simultaneously with said transponder response signal.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein said modulating circuit backscatter modulates said received continuous RF signal, thereby absorbing energy from said interrogation signal in accordance with said reply data.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein during the discrimination, a first interrogator transmits an interrogation signal of a first field strength pulse during a first interrogation period, a second interrogator transmits a second field strength pulse during a second interrogation period and a third interrogator transmits a third field strength pulse during a third interrogation period.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein said first second and third interrogators transmit a different carrier frequency.

8. The system of claim 6, wherein said first and second interrogators, said second and third interrogators transmit different carrier frequencies and said first and third interrogators transmit the same carrier frequency.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein said wake-up circuit comprises an analog ASIC comprising:

a modulation detector for removing a carrier signal from said received wake-up signal and emitting an unmodulated signal;

a lowpass filter for removing high frequency elements from said unmodulated signal;

a threshold detector for comparing the output signal of the lowpass filter with a reference voltage and emitting a binary signal when the output of the lowpass filter is at least as great as the reference voltage.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein said analog ASIC further comprises, a pulse generator which is enabled by said binary signal, for generating a pulse for a predetermined duration and a pulse counter, which is loaded with a count corresponding to said predetermined duration, for detecting a modulation at a predetermined frequency and emitting a wake-up signal and a data bearing signal upon receipt of such modulation.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the predetermined duration is an amount of time less than between RF interrogation pulses from said interrogator and greater than the time between intra message absence of signal.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the pulse counter is a gated 4 bit counter circuit which gate is set at 62.5 us causing the counter circuit to overflow upon receipt of a 248 kHz or greater frequency signal.

13. The system of claim 11, wherein said intra message absence of signal is ON-OFF keying of a carrier during message transmission.

14. The system of claim 10, wherein said pulse counter is restarted in response to receipt of another of said binary signals.

15. The system of claim 10, wherein the power to said pulse counter is duty-cycled such that out of every 16 ms, power is provided to said pulse counter for 2 ms.

16. The system of claim 10, further comprising a digital ASIC, enabled by receipt of both said binary signal and wake-up signal, for modulating reply data on said continuous RF signal.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein said digital ASIC comprises

a clock block for providing clock signal at 3.6 MHz, 1.2 MHz, .MHz and 0.3 MHz. for at least a main controller block upon receipt of said wake-up signal.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein once started, said clock block provides said clock signals in absence of said wake-up signal until receiving a clock disable signal from said main controller block.

19. The system of claim 17 further comprising a receive buffer block for decoding said data bearing signal from said analog ASIC and operable to transmit said decoded data to said main controller block or a main memory block.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein said decoded data is alternatively stored and buffered in a receive register and accessed by said main controller block via an address signal.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein said receive buffer block also provides an incoming msg signal to said main controller block upon an interrogation signal being received.

22. The system of claim 19, wherein said receive buffer block also provides a msg valid signal to said main controller block upon reception of an interrogation signal which was received without error.

23. The system of claim 19, wherein said receive buffer block also provides said signal manch_-- active to said discriminator upon said receive buffer block decoding said data bearing signal.

24. The system of claim 1, wherein said discriminator is operable to receive a data bearing signal and a manch_-- active signal for determining within which lane said vehicle is traveling.