Method and mechanism for reduction of within-train reported data

• US 5,621,417 A
• Filed: 06/07/1995
• Issued: 04/15/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Hassan, Amer A., Hershey, John E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAN, DAO LINDA
• Application Number:
  US08/484,754
• Time in Patent Office: 678 Days
• Field of Search: 342/457, 342/463, 342/464, 342/465
• US Class Current: 342/457
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/825 with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/09 providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/34 Power consumption
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2205/002 for traffic control, mobile tracking, guidance, surveillance or anti-collision
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0027 of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile

Abstract

A tracking system for railcars is configured as a dynamic local area network having a master tracking unit and a plurality of slave tracking units, each tracking unit being affixed to a separate railcar. To improve reliability of communications between railcars, the distance from a master unit to a slave unit is estimated by comparing phase of a transmitted signal with that of the transmitted signal returned by another tracking unit in the network. Optionally, a determination is made as to whether the slave unit is "ahead" of or "behind" the master unit. Communication path loss between the master and slave units due to frequency selective fading may also be determined. A spectrum survey determines quality of the channel as to its capacity for passing data from the slave unit to the master unit.

Claims

1. A method of tracking assets comprising the steps of:

affixing a tracking unit to each asset to be tracked;

establishing a mobile local area network of tracked assets between a plurality of tracking units in close proximity, each of said tracking units constituting a node of the mobile local area network;

establishing a master tracking unit among tracking units in the mobile local area network, all other tracking units in the mobile local area network being slave tracking units; and

approximately locating each one of the slave tracking units in the mobile local area network with respect to the master tracking unit by

transmitting a tone signal from the master tracking unit to each one of the slave units,

tracking a returned tone signal from each one of the slave units respectively, and

measuring a distance between the master tracking unit and each one of the slave units, respectively, as a phase difference in transmitted and returned tone signals, respectively.

2. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the step of approximately locating each one of the slave tracking units includes the steps of:

determining distance of each one of the slave tracking units from the master tracking unit; and

determining relative location of said each one of the slave tracking units with respect to the master tracking unit as a function of a direction of travel.

3. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the tone signal transmitted from the master tracking unit is

sin (ω

t), where ω

=2π

f and f is the frequency of the tone signal, and the step of approximately locating each one of the slave tracking units is calculated as a distance d from the master tracking unit as ##EQU3## where φ

is the phase of the returned tone signal from said each one of the slave tracking units and c is the speed of light.

4. The method recited in claim 3 further comprising the step of determining relative location of said each one of the slave tracking units with respect to the master unit as a function of a direction of travel.

5. The method recited in claim 4 wherein the step of determining relative location of said each one of the slave tracking units comprises the steps of:

transmitting a first tone signal by said master tracking unit and receiving a return of said first tone signal at a first antenna of said master tracking unit;

computing a first distance d₀ based on a return to said master tracking unit of said first tone signal by said each one of the slave tracking units;

transmitting a second tone signal by said master tracking unit and receiving a return of said second tone signal at a second antenna of said master tracking unit;

computing a second distance d₁ based on a return to said master tracking unit of said second tone signal by said each one of the slave tracking units, said first and second antennas being separated from one another by a predetermined distance along a line passing through the master tracking unit and the slave tracking unit;

subtracting the first distance from the second distance; and

determining relative location of said each one of the slave tracking units as a function of the sign of the difference between the first and second distances.

6. The method of tracking assets recited in claim 1 further comprising the steps of:

estimating at the master tracking unit a communication path loss between the master tracking unit and said each one of the slave tracking units; and

performing a spectrum survey at the master tracking unit to characterize interference between the master tracking unit and each one of the slave tracking units.

7. The method of tracking assets recited in claim 6 wherein the step of estimating a communication path loss comprises the step of measuring signal strength of the tone signal returned by each one of the slave tracking units.