Unified hierarchical and tear off menus in a graphical event-driven computer system

• US 5,627,960 A
• Filed: 03/04/1996
• Issued: 05/06/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 05/13/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Computer Incorporated (Apple Inc.)
• Inventors: Craycroft, Timothy J., Clifford, Daniel K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Powell, Mark R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HO, RUAY L
• Application Number:
  US08/610,518
• Time in Patent Office: 428 Days
• Field of Search: 395/155, 395/156, 395/157, 395/158, 395/159, 395/160, 395/161, 345/112, 345/113
• US Class Current: 715/842
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0482 Interaction with lists of selectable items, e.g. menus
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/38 for implementing user interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 345/902 Menu display

Abstract

Explicit support is provided at the system software level for application program tear-off menus in a manner that is essentially application-transparent. All menus are transformed into windows and grouped in a single menu layer for each application, greatly simplifying many of the complexities of navigating through hierarchical and tear-off menus. Each application has its own menu layer that is shown and hidden as the application moves to the foreground and background. Tear-off menus, as with all menus, are hidden and shown with the menu layer, generating the desirable "floating-window" behavior. More particularly, menus are managed in a graphical, event-driven computer system having a computer display by representing the menus as windows, providing a menu layer for containing menus of a computer program, and displaying a menu. Events occurring with respect to the menu layer are detected, in response to which display of the menu is varied.

Claims

1. For use in a graphical, event-driven computer system having a computer display, a method of managing a plurality of menus of an application program, comprising the steps of:

representing each menu of the plurality of menus as a menu window co-extensive with said menu;

providing a display layer of related windows, said display layer being a menu window layer for containing each said menu window;

detecting a first event occurring with respect to the menu window layer;

in response to said first event, opening a menu window and displaying therein a corresponding menu;

detecting a second event occurring with respect to the menu layer; and

in response to said second event, varying display of the menu window.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said plurality of menus includes at least one tear-off menu.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said corresponding menu is a tear-off menu.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said plurality of menus includes a plurality of different types of menus including said tear-off menu and at least one of the following types of menus:

pull-down, pop-up, and hierarchical.

5. The method of claim 4, comprising the further steps of:

providing a menu stack having a maximum depth; and

for hierarchical menus, pre-allocating in computer memory a number of menu windows equal to the maximum depth of the menu stack.

6. The method of claim 4, comprising the further steps of:

providing a tear-off menu list;

in response to said second event, dynamically allocating in computer memory a menu window for a new tear-off menu not previously listed in the tear-off menu list; and

adding the new tear-off menu to the tear-off menu list.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein said second event comprises a tear-off gesture.

8. The method of claim 6, comprising the further steps of:

detecting a third event with respect to the menu window layer;

dismissing said tear-off menu in response to said third event;

closing said menu window; and

removing said tear-off menu from the tear-off menu list.

9. The method of claim 2, wherein the menu window layer contains exclusively all menus of a single application program.

10. For use in a graphical, event-driven computer system having a computer display, a computer-readable medium containing menu manager software including computer instructions for:

representing each of the menus of an application program, including both hierarchical menus and tear-off menus, as a menu window co-extensive with said menu;

providing a menu window layer for containing each said menu window;

providing a menu stack;

providing a tear-off menu list; and

realizing an event handling mechanism for detecting events occurring with respect to the menu layer, for adding menu identifiers to and removing menu identifiers from the menu stack in response to predetermined events occurring with respect to the menu layer, and for adding tear-off menu identifiers to and removing tear-off menu identifiers from the tear-off menu list in response to other predetermined events occurring with respect to the menu layer.