User interface system and method for traversing a database

• US 5,630,117 A
• Filed: 03/13/1995
• Issued: 05/13/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Computer Incorporated (Apple Inc.)
• Inventors: Oren, Timothy R., Salomon, Gitta B., Kreitman, Kristee M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Black, Thomas G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Von Buhr, Maria N.
• Application Number:
  US08/404,187
• Time in Patent Office: 792 Days
• Field of Search: 364/DIG. 1, 364/DIG. 2, 395/600, 395/159
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/86 Mapping to a database
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/94 Hypermedia Hyperlinking G06F40/134
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/954 Navigation, e.g. using categorised browsing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99932 Access augmentation or optimizing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99933 Query processing, i.e. searching
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99935 Query augmenting and refining, e.g. inexact access
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99945 Object-oriented database structure processing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 715/968 interface for database querying and retrieval

Abstract

A user interface system and method for traversing a database. In one aspect the present invention includes providing a plurality of command options, each of the command options represented by a set of descriptive option index terms characterizing that command option. The set of descriptive option index terms characterizing the command options selected by a user are compared with sets of document index terms. Each set of document index terms being compared characterizes an electronic document in a hypertext-type database which is selectively linked in that database with the user'"'"'s present position. The comparisons result in a ranked list of the selectively linked electronic documents. The electronic documents are ranked in accordance with the relevancy of each document with respect to the selected command option. In another aspect of the invention, a plurality of command options are generated and displayed on a computer controlled display system (CCDS), each command option being represented by a portrayed character or personality associable to the user as being biased toward a particular type of information. Each of the command options represent a set of option index terms which characterize that particular command option. The set of option index terms characterizing the command option presently selected are compared with sets of document index terms. Each set of document index terms characterize an electronic document located within the database. The comparisons result in a ranked list of electronic documents, the documents being ranked in accordance with the particular bias of the portrayed character or personality.

Claims

1. A method for a user of a computer system to traverse a database to retrieve an electronic document stored in said database, said method comprising the steps of:

a) providing a hypertext-type database, said hypertext-type database including a plurality of hypertext-type nodes, said plurality of hypertext-type nodes corresponding to a plurality of electronic documents, wherein each of said plurality of hypertext-type nodes may be selectively linked to others of said plurality of hypertext-type nodes;

b) providing a set of descriptive index terms;

c) indexing said hypertext-type database by assigning a unique first subset of said descriptive index terms to each electronic document of said plurality of electronic documents;

d) receiving user input that selects a second subset of said descriptive index terms;

e) comparing said first subset of descriptive index terms of said plurality of electronic documents with said second subset of said descriptive index terms;

f) producing a list of electronic documents based on said comparing step e), said list of electronic documents having a first electronic document that represents a user'"'"'s position within the hypertext-type database;

g) receiving user input that selects a selected electronic document from said list of electronic documents; and

h) changing said user'"'"'s position within the hypertext-type database to correspond with said selected electronic document.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of receiving user input that selects a second subset of said descriptive index terms includes the steps of:

providing a plurality of first command options, wherein each command option of said plurality of first command options represents a second subset of said descriptive index terms; and

receiving user input that selects a selected first command option of said plurality of first command options.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the step of receiving user input that selects a selected electronic document includes the steps of:

providing a plurality of second command options, wherein each command option of said plurality of second command options represents an electronic document in said list of electronic documents; and

receiving user input that selects one of said plurality of second command options.

4. The method as recited in claim 2 wherein said step of providing a plurality of first command options is further comprised of generating, for each first command option of said plurality of first command options, a portrayed character or personality associable to the user as being biased toward a particular type of information to cause retrieval of a particular type of electronic documents.

5. A method for retrieval of documents from a database, said database comprised of a plurality of electronic documents, each of said plurality of electronic documents capable of being selectively linked with other of said electronic documents, said method comprising the steps of:

a) defining a set of descriptive index terms for said plurality of electronic documents;

b) indexing said database by assigning a unique first subset of descriptive index terms to each of said electronic documents;

c) receiving input that indicates selection of a second subset of said descriptive index terms from a plurality of unique second subsets of said descriptive index terms;

d) comparing said first subset of descriptive index terms of said electronic documents with said second subset of said descriptive index terms;

e) generating a list of said electronic documents based on comparisons of step d), said list including a present position document;

f) receiving input that indicates selection of a desired electronic document in said list of said electronic documents;

g) retrieving said desired electronic document, said desired electronic document becoming the present position document.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein said step of generating the list of said electronic documents includes generating a first ranked list of said electronic documents.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising the step of generating a second ranked list of documents which contains only documents that are selectively linked with said desired electronic document.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein said step of generating said first ranked list of said electronic documents includes assigning a plurality of match values to the electronic documents in said list of said electronic documents, wherein a match value of said plurality of match values is assigned to each document in said list of said electronic documents, said match value being a numerical indication of the relevancy of each document of said list of said electronic documents to said second subset of said descriptive index terms.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of determining each match value of said plurality of match values according to the following equation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">MVd=(iod)2/io×

id

where,

MVd=a match value of a document, d;

io=a number of descriptive index terms in said second subset of said descriptive index terms;

id=a number of descriptive index terms in said first subset of descriptive index terms assigned to said document d; and

iod=a number of descriptive index terms that are common to both said second subset of descriptive index terms and said first subset of descriptive index terms assigned to said document d.

10. A method for a user of a computer system to traverse a hypertext-type database, said hypertext-type database including a plurality of hypertext-type nodes, said plurality of hypertext-type nodes corresponding to a plurality of electronic documents, wherein said plurality of hypertext-type nodes are linked to each other by a plurality of links, said method comprising the steps of:

a) indexing said hypertext-type database by assigning to each electronic document of said plurality of electronic documents a subset of descriptive index terms from a set of descriptive index terms;

b) receiving user input that selects a selected subset of descriptive index terms of said set of descriptive index terms by performing the steps of

b1) generating a plurality of subsets of descriptive index terms of said set of descriptive index terms;

b2) displaying a plurality of selectable user interface objects, wherein each of said plurality of selectable user interface objects corresponds to one of said plurality of subsets; and

b3) receiving user input that selects one of said plurality of selectable user interface objects;

c) receiving user input that selects a selected electronic document of said plurality of electronic documents as a current document;

d) traversing the hypertext-type database by performing the steps of

d1) generating a list of documents that contains only those documents that are directly linked to said current document through said plurality of links;

d2) generating a ranking for each document in said list of documents by comparing the subset of descriptive index terms that are assigned to each electronic document in said list of documents with said selected subset of descriptive index terms;

d3) generating a ranked list of documents based upon rankings generated in step d2;

d3) receiving input selecting an electronic document from said ranked list of documents; and

d4) establishing said electronic document that was selected from said ranked list of documents as said current document.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said step of receiving user input that selects a selected electronic document of said plurality of electronic documents includes the steps of:

generating an initial ranked list of electronic documents by comparing the subset of descriptive index terms that are assigned to each electronic document of said plurality of electronic documents with said selected subset of descriptive index terms;

receiving user input that selects said selected electronic document from said initial ranked list of electronic documents.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein the step of displaying a plurality of selectable user interface objects includes displaying a plurality of portrayed characters or personalities associable to the user as being biased toward a particular type of information.

13. The method of claim 10 wherein said step of generating a ranking for each document in the list of documents includes the step of assigning a plurality of match values to the electronic documents in said list of documents, wherein a match value of said plurality of match values is assigned to each document in said list of documents, wherein the match value of each electronic document in said list of documents is based on a number of descriptive index terms in the subset of descriptive index terms that are assigned to each electronic document in said list of documents, a number of descriptive index terms in said selected subset of descriptive index terms, and a number of index terms that are common to both the subset of descriptive index terms that are assigned to each electronic document in said list of documents and said selected subset of descriptive index terms.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising the step of determining each match value of said plurality of match values according to the following equation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">MVd=(iod).sup.2 /io×

id

where,

MVd=a match value of a document, d;

io=the number of descriptive index terms in said selected subset of descriptive index terms;

id=a number of descriptive index terms in the subset of descriptive index terms assigned to said document d; and

iod=the number of index terms that are common to both the subset of descriptive index terms that are assigned to document d and said selected subset of descriptive index terms.

15. A method for retrieval of documents from a database, said database comprised of a plurality of electronic documents, each of said plurality of electronic documents capable of being selectively linked with other of said electronic documents, said method comprising the steps of:

a) defining a set of descriptive index terms for said plurality of electronic documents;

b) indexing said database by assigning a first subset of descriptive index terms to each of said electronic documents;

c) generating a plurality of second subsets of descriptive index terms of said set of descriptive index terms;

d) displaying a plurality of selectable user interface objects, wherein each of said plurality of selectable user interface objects corresponds to one of said plurality of second subsets;

e) receiving user input that selects a selected user interface object of said plurality of selectable user interface objects;

f) establishing said second subset of descriptive index terms that corresponds to said selected user interface object as a selected subset of descriptive index terms;

g) comparing said first subset of descriptive index terms of said electronic documents with said selected subset of descriptive index terms;

h) generating a list of said electronic documents based on comparisons of step g);

i) receiving input that indicates selection of a desired electronic document in said list of said electronic documents; and

j) retrieving said desired electronic document.