Multi-focal vision system

• US 5,633,487 A
• Filed: 12/15/1995
• Issued: 05/27/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/15/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: AOA Xinetics (Northrop Grumman Corporation), United Technologies Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Original Assignee: AOA Xinetics (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Inventors: Yorsz, Jeffrey, Schmutz, Lawrence E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hajec, Donald T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): TREMBLAY, MARK STEPHEN
• Application Number:
  US08/573,105
• Time in Patent Office: 529 Days
• Field of Search: 250/227.29, 250/227.26, 385/120, 235/462, 235/473
• US Class Current: 235/462.22
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 2207/1013 Multi-focal
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10722 Photodetector array or CCD scanning
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10811 Focalisation

Abstract

A machine vision system images bar code labels moving through a horizontal plane at variable object distances within the system'"'"'s object depth of field Z _obj with a plurality of sequential line images, each with different object lengths which gradate Z _obj into plural focused object planes, and the object plane within which the bar code label lies provides a focused optical image of the bar code to a multilinear photodetector which transduces the focused optical image into a corresponding electrical signal for further processing.

Claims

1. A machine vision system, for obtaining a focused optical image of an object appearing within a variable distance horizontal plane of an object field of the system comprising:

a) a camera means, having an optical axis, said camera means for providing a simultaneous plurality of line images, each one of said simultaneous plurality of line images having a field of view (FOV) of a transverse segment of the variable distance horizontal plane and each of said FOVs having a different object length, to provide a system object depth of field (Z _obj) having a composite FOV of the variable distance horizontal plane and having a vertical extent that is segment gradated over a range of said different object lengths into a plurality of different distance object focal planes, each said plurality, of different distance object focal planes providing an optical image of objects appearing therein, said camera means comprising;

i) a detector means, having a plurality of photodetector elements linearly arrayed in a plurality of detector lines, for receiving said optical image from said plurality of different distance object focal planes, each of said plurality of detector lines transducing said optical image from an associated one of said plurality of different distance object focal planes into an electrical data signal representative of said optical image appearing within said composite FOV at a distance proximate to one of said different distance object lengths associated with one of said plurality of different distance object focal planes;

ii) a fiber optic faceplate (FOF), located along said optical axis for transmitting the optical image to said detector means, comprising;

an image coherent waveguide having coaxial input and output ends, said input end being positioned in optical registration with said plurality of different distance object focal planes and having a receiving surface whose surface plane is angularly displaced from the variable distance horizontal plane to receive said optical image at said different object lengths therefrom, said output end being positioned in optical registration with said plurality of detector lines;

an optical grating structure mounted coaxially to said receiving surface and comprising a plurality of optically transparent plateau surfaces disposed along a stepped trajectory which is substantially parallel to said receiving surface, each of said plurality of optically transparent plateau surfaces being associated with one of said line images and with a different object length region of said receiving surface to thereby provide an optical signal interface between a related one of said plurality of different distance object focal planes and said corresponding object length region of said receiving surface; and

b) signal processing means, responsive to said electrical data signal from each of said plurality of detector lines, for processing to obtain therefrom an electrical data signal content representative of a focused optical image.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein:

said plurality of optically transparent plateau surfaces provide an image registration of said line images with said receiving surface to form a composite FOV image, said image coherent waveguide substantially maintaining said image registration of said composite FOV image provided at said output end to said detector means; and

said plurality of detector lines each receiving the focused optical image of an associated one of said plurality of different distant object focal planes to allow each of one of said plurality of detector lines to be associated with a distinct object distance and a distinct transverse segment of Z _obj.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein:

said FOF comprises a monolith of optical material impregnated with a plurality of image coherent optical fibers, each having a core diameter and a core material index of refraction, said plurality of optical fibers being axially arrayed in substantially constant relative alignment from said receiving surface to said output end; and

said plurality of optically transparent plateau surfaces being substantially orthogonal to an axis of said plurality of optical fibers, with a plateau material index of refraction substantially similar in optical characteristics to that of said core material index of refraction.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein said detector means comprises a charge coupled device array of pixels, each said pixel having a pixel diameter which is no greater in dimension than that of said optical images of the bar code character font provided to said receiving surface.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein said camera means further comprises:

imaging lens means, positioned in optical registration with said plurality of different distance object focal planes, coaxially with said FOF, said imaging lens means providing said focused optical image at said different object lengths from said plurality of different distance object focal planes to said receiving surface at an image depth of field Z_image which is substantially constant relative to said object depth of field Z _obj.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein:

said imaging lens means provides said focused optical image to said receiving surface at a demagnification gain.

7. The system of claim 2, wherein said camera means further comprises:

relay lens means, positioned intermediate to said output end of said FOF and said detector means, for relaying the focused optical image appearing at said output end from said optical fibers to said plurality of detector lines.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein said relay lens comprises an anamorphic lens to optically translate a set of spatial coordinates of said focused optical image from said output end to a set of array coordinates of said plurality of detector lines.

9. The system of claim 4, wherein said detector means further comprises:

switching means, responsive to a signal input thereof to each of said plurality of detector lines, and responsive to an address input thereof to a line address signal presented thereto by said signal processing means, for providing at a signal output thereof the electrical data signal content resident in those of said plurality of detector lines that are identified thereto by said address signal.