Composite membranes for solid phase extractions and reactions

• US 5,635,060 A
• Filed: 04/01/1996
• Issued: 06/03/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 07/15/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Markell, Craig G., Hansen, Paul E., Hagen, Donald F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Therkorn, Ernest G.
• Application Number:
  US08/627,324
• Time in Patent Office: 428 Days
• Field of Search: 210/635, 210/656, 210/658, 210/198.2, 210/198.3, 210/502.1, 210/505
• US Class Current: 210/198.2
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 15/34 Size selective separation, e.g. size exclusion chromatography, gel filtration, permeation
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/183 Physical conditioning without chemical treatment, e.g. drying, granulating, coating, irradiation
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28004 Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28028 Particles immobilised within fibres or filaments
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28033 Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28052 Several layers of identical or different sorbents stacked in a housing, e.g. in a column
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/2808 being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/286 Phases chemically bonded to a substrate, e.g. to silica or to polymers
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3204 Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3246 having a well defined chemical structure
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2220/54 Sorbents specially adapted for analytical or investigative chromatography
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2030/528 Monolithic sorbent material

Abstract

A solid phase extraction or chromatographic medium comprises a porous nonwoven fibrous matrix comprising at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene and blown microfibers, and sorptive or reactive hydrophobic siliceous molecular sieve particulates enmeshed in said matrix, the ratio of molecular sieves to matrix being in the range of 40:1 to 1:40.

Claims

1. A solid phase extraction or chromatographic medium comprising

(a) a porous nonwoven fibrous matrix comprising fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene, and

(b) sorptive or reactive hydrophobic siliceous molecular sieve particulates having pore diameters in the range of about 5.5 to about 6.2 A enmeshed in said matrix, the ratio of molecular sieves to matrix being in the range of 40:

1 to 1;

40,

said medium having an essentially homogeneous composition and essentially uniform porosity and being useful to remove organics from aqueous fluids, which aqueous fluids pass through or by said medium.

2. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said molecular sieves are selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicate molecular sieves having a Si:

Al ratio of at least 18.

3. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said molecular sieves are zeolites.

4. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said ratio of molecular sieves to matrix is 19:

1 to 1;

4.

5. The medium according to claim 1 which is useful in chromatographic applications.

6. The medium according to claim 1 which is useful in solid phase extraction applications.

7. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said particulate molecular sieves are carbon coated hydrophobic siliceous molecular sieves.

8. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said particulate molecular sieves comprise silyl groups covalently bonded thereto.

9. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said molecular sieves have a size in the range of 1 to 300 micrometers.

10. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said molecular sieves have a size in the range of 3 to 5 micrometers.

11. The medium according to claim 1 having a thickness in the range of 0.05 to 10 mm.

12. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said enmeshed particulates comprise (1) at least 30 and up to 100 weight percent of hydrophobic siliceous molecular sieves, and (2) 70 to 0 weight percent of organic-coated or uncoated particulates different from said hydrophobic molecular sieves.

13. The medium according to claim 1 wherein said particulate molecular sieves are silicalite.

14. The medium according to claim 1 which is capable of sorbing small polar organic molecules out of water.

15. The medium according to claim 1 which is capable of sorbing large hydrophobic organic molecules out of water.

16. The medium according to claim 1 which is a sorptive or reactive medium.

17. A stack of at least two disks wherein at least one disk is a solid phase extraction or chromatographic medium according to claim 1.

18. A solid phase extraction or chromatographic medium comprising

(a) a porous nonwoven fibrous matrix comprising polytetrafluoroethylene, and

(b) sorptive or reactive hydrophobic siliceous molecular sieve particulates enmeshed in said matrix, said molecular sieve particulates being impenetrable by water molecule clusters,

said medium being a sheet material of essentially homogeneous composition and essentially uniform porosity and being useful to remove organics from aqueous fluids, which aqueous fluids pass through or by said medium.

19. The medium according to claim 18 wherein said hydrophobic siliceous molecular sieve particulates have internal pores in the range of approximately 5.5 to 6.2 A.