Chiral catalysts and catalytic epoxidation catalyzed thereby
First Claim
1. A chiral catalyst having the following general formula:
- ##STR91## where M is a transition metal ion in the +3 oxidation state;
where A is an anion;
where n is either 3, 4, 5 or 6;
where at least one of X1 or X2 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms;
where at least one of X3 or X4 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms;
where at least one of Y1 or Y2 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, halides, NO2 and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms;
where at least one of Y4 or Y5 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, halides, NO2 and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms;
where Y3, and Y6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and primary alkyl groups;
where R1 and R4 are trans to each other and at least one of R1 and R4 is selected from the group consisting of primary alkyls and hydrogen; and
where the carbons in the (C)n portion have substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, and hetero atoms.
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Abstract
Methods of using chiral catalysts for enantioselectively epoxidizing a prochiral olefin and for enantioselectively oxidizing a prochiral sulfide are disclosed. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the catalyst used is a salen derivative which has the following general structure: ##STR1## In accordance with another aspect of the present invention is a method of producing an epoxychroman using a chiral catalyst. In accordance with this method, a chromene derivative, an oxygen atom source, and a chiral catalyst are reacted under such conditions and for such time as is needed to epoxidize said chromene derivative. In accordance with yet another aspect of this invention is a method of enantioselectively epoxidizing a cis-cinnamate derivative to make taxol or an analog thereof. In accordance with another aspect a method of disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide using the catalysts of the present invention is disclosed.
86 Citations
60 Claims
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1. A chiral catalyst having the following general formula:
- ##STR91## where M is a transition metal ion in the +3 oxidation state;
where A is an anion;where n is either 3, 4, 5 or 6; where at least one of X1 or X2 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms; where at least one of X3 or X4 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms; where at least one of Y1 or Y2 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, halides, NO2 and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms; where at least one of Y4 or Y5 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, halides, NO2 and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms; where Y3, and Y6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and primary alkyl groups; where R1 and R4 are trans to each other and at least one of R1 and R4 is selected from the group consisting of primary alkyls and hydrogen; and where the carbons in the (C)n portion have substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, and hetero atoms. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60)
- ##STR91## where M is a transition metal ion in the +3 oxidation state;
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14. A chiral catalyst having the following general formula:
- ##STR92## where M is a transition metal in the +3 oxidation state;
where A is an anion; andwhere R1 and R4 are trans to each other and at least one of R1 and R4 is selected from the group consisting of primary alkyls and hydrogen. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17)
- ##STR92## where M is a transition metal in the +3 oxidation state;
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18. A chiral catalyst having the following general formula when in the active state:
- ##STR93## where M is a transition metal ion in the +3 oxidation state;
where n is either 3, 4, 5 or 6;where at least one of X1 or X2 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms; where at least one of X3 or X4 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms; where at least one of Y1 or Y2 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, halides, NO2 and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms; where at least one of Y4 or Y5 is selected from the group consisting of aryls, primary alkyls, secondary alkyls, tertiary alkyls, halides, NO2 and alkyl groups bearing hetero atoms; where Y3, and Y6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and primary alkyl groups; where R1 and R4 are trans to each other and at least one of R1 and R4 is selected from the group consisting of primary alkyls and hydrogen; and where the carbons in the (C)n portion have substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, and hetero atoms. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
- ##STR93## where M is a transition metal ion in the +3 oxidation state;
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30. A chiral catalyst having the following general formula:
- ##STR94## where M is a transition metal;
where R1 and R4 are trans to each other and at least one of R1 and R4 is selected from the group consisting of primary alkyls and hydrogen. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32)
- ##STR94## where M is a transition metal;
Specification