Golf swing analysis system

• US 5,638,300 A
• Filed: 12/05/1994
• Issued: 06/10/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/05/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lee E Johnson
• Original Assignee: Lee E Johnson
• Inventors: Johnson, Lee E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Trammell, James P.
• Application Number:
  US08/349,442
• Time in Patent Office: 918 Days
• Field of Search: 273/186.1-186.4, 273/187 R, 273/186.2, 273/187.2, 273/191 R, 273/183.1, 273/191 A, 273/187.6, 273/187 A, 273/32 R, 273/184 R, 273/1, 434/252, 73/379.07, 364/410, 364/551.01, 364/559, 364/560, 364/561, 364/565, 340/365 R, 340/825.72, 345/120, 473/198-224
• US Class Current: 702/153
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2024/0012 Comparing movements or motion sequences with a registered reference
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2220/05 Image processing for measuring physical parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2220/806 Video cameras
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2220/807 Photo cameras
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2220/89 Field sensors, e.g. radar systems
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 24/0003 Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/0002 for baseball
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/0024 for hockey
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/0026 for ice-hockey
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/3608 Attachments on the body, e.g. for measuring, aligning, restraining A63B69/0059, A63B69/3673 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/3614 using electro-magnetic, magnetic or ultrasonic radiation emitted, reflected or interrupted by the golf club
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/38 for tennis A63B61/006, A63B69/0073 and A63B69/0097 take precedence

Abstract

The present invention concerns a motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of an individual. The system has a control surface having one or more control areas, each control area corresponding to a predetermined instruction. An object is then held by an individual for use with the control surface. The system has a sensor for detecting the position of the object and producing a signal representative of the position. An analyzer then receives the signal from the sensor, wherein when the object is positioned at one of the control areas on the control surface the analyzer performs the predetermined instruction corresponding to the control area that the object is positioned.

Claims

1. A motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of an individual, said system comprising:

a control surface having one or more control areas, each control area corresponding to a predetermined instruction;

a piece of sports equipment to be held by an individual;

a sensor for detecting the position of said piece if sports equipment and producing a signal representative of said position;

an analyzer for receiving said signal from said sensor, wherein when said piece of sports equipment is positioned at one of said control areas on said control surface said analyzer performs said predetermined instruction corresponding to said control area that said piece of sports equipment is positioned.

2. The motion analysis system of claim 1, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a golf club.

3. The motion analysis system of claim 2, wherein said control surface comprises a hitting area where a ball is placed thereon so that said golf club can strike said ball.

4. The motion analysis system of claim 3, wherein said hitting area comprises a golf tee.

5. The motion analysis system of claim 2, wherein said sensor is attached to said golf club is a position separated from a clubhead of said golf club.

6. The motion analysis system of claim 2, comprising:

a ball to be struck by said golf club; and

wherein said analyzer calculates the position of said ball from said signal when a clubhead of said golf club is adjacent to said ball.

7. The motion analysis system of claim 2, comprising:

a ball to be struck by said golf club; and

wherein said analyzer calculates the path of said ball from said signal when said clubhead makes impact with said ball.

8. The motion analysis system of claim 1, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a baseball bat.

9. The motion analysis system of claim 1, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a hockey stick.

10. The motion analysis system of claim 1, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a tennis racket.

11. The motion analysis system of claim 1, comprising a radiation source, wherein said sensor receives radiation emitted from said radiation source to detect the position of said piece of sports equipment.

12. The motion analysis system of claim 11, wherein said radiation source emits magnetic fields.

13. The motion analysis system of claim 12, wherein said sensor detects six degrees of freedom of said sensor from said emitted magnetic fields.

14. The motion analysis system of claim 1, further comprising:

a radio-frequency transmitter attached to said sensor and sending said signal to said analyzer;

said analyzer comprises a radio-frequency receiver to receive said signal sent by said radio-frequency transmitter.

15. The motion analysis system of claim 1, wherein said sensor is attached to said piece of sports equipment.

16. The motion analysis system of claim 1, wherein said one or more control areas on said control surface are labeled.

17. The motion analysis system of claim 1, said analyzer comprising:

a memory that stores positions that correspond to said one or more control areas;

a processor that calculates the position of said piece of sports equipment from said signal received from said sensor; and

a comparator that compares said calculated position of said piece of sports equipment with said stored positions that correspond to said one or more control areas, wherein said analyzer performs the predetermined instruction corresponding to the control area that has a stored position that matches said calculated position of said piece of sports equipment.

18. The motion analysis system of claim 1, said analyzer comprising a memory that stores the dimensions of one or more pieces of sports equipment;

said one or more control areas comprising one or more object areas, each object area corresponding to an instruction for reading the dimensions stored in the memory of the analyzer for a corresponding piece of sports equipment to be moved by the individual; and

said analyzer calculates the position of a piece of sports equipment based upon said signal from said sensor, wherein when said piece of sports equipment at one of said areas on said control surface said analyzer performs said predetermined instruction corresponding to said area that said piece of sports equipment is positioned.

19. The motion analysis system of claim 18, comprising a display that shows an image of said piece of sports equipment based upon said calculated position of said piece of sports equipment.

20. A motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of an individual, said system comprising:

a control surface having one or more control areas, each control area corresponding to a predetermined instruction;

an object to be held by an individual;

a sensor attached to said object for detecting the position of said object and producing a signal representative of said position;

an analyzer for receiving said signal from said sensor, wherein when said object is positioned at one of said control areas on said control surface said analyzer performs said predetermined instruction corresponding to said control area that said object is positioned; and

wherein said sensor is attached to a base having a pair of prongs that define a space that receives a handle of said object.

21. The motion analysis system of claim 20, wherein said sensor detects six degrees of freedom of said sensor from said emitted magnetic fields.

22. The motion analysis system of claim 21, further comprising:

a radio-frequency transmitter attached to said sensor and sending said signal to said analyzer;

said analyzer comprises a radio-frequency receiver to receive said signal sent by said radio-frequency transmitter.

23. A motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of a piece of sports equipment, said system comprising:

a first sensor device attached to a piece of sports equipment for detecting the three-dimensional position and three-dimensional orientation of said piece of sports equipment and producing a signal representative of said position and orientation;

an analyzer for receiving said signal from said first sensor, wherein said analyzer calculates the three-dimensional position and the three-dimensional orientation of said piece of sports equipment based upon said received signal.

24. The motion analysis system of claim 23, wherein said first sensor device comprises a six degrees of freedom sensor.

25. The motion analysis system of claim 23, wherein said first sensor device comprises an array of three degrees of freedom sensors.

26. The motion analysis system of claim 23, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a golf club.

27. The motion analysis system of claim 26, comprising:

a ball to be struck by said golf club; and

wherein said analyzer calculates the position of said ball from said signal when a clubhead of said golf club is adjacent to said ball.

28. The motion analysis system of claim 26, comprising:

a ball to be struck by said golf club; and

wherein said analyzer calculates the path of said ball from said signal when a clubhead of said golf club makes impact with said ball.

29. The motion analysis system of claim 23, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a baseball bat.

30. The motion analysis system of claim 23, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a hockey stick.

31. The motion analysis system of claim 23, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a tennis racket.

32. The motion analysis system of claim 23, wherein said analyzer perform a predetermined instruction corresponding to said calculated position of said piece of sports equipment.

33. The motion analysis system of claim 23, comprising a radiation source, wherein said first sensor device receives radiation emitted from said radiation source to detect the position and orientation of said piece of sports equipment.

34. The motion analysis system of claim 33, wherein said radiation source emits magnetic fields.

35. The motion analysis system of claim 34, wherein said first sensor device detects six degrees of freedom of said first sensor detects from said emitted magnetic fields.

36. The motion analysis system of claim 23, further comprising:

a radio-frequency transmitter attached to said first sensor device and sending said signal to said analyzer;

said analyzer comprises a radio-frequency receiver to receive said signal sent by said radio-frequency transmitter.

37. A motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of a piece of sports equipment, said system comprising:

a first sensor device attached to a piece of sports equipment for detecting the position and orientation of said piece of sports equipment and producing a signal representative of said position and orientation;

a second sensor device attached to an individual for detecting the position and orientation of said individual and producing a second signal representative of said position and orientation of said individual;

an analyzer for receiving said signals from said first sensor device and said second sensor device, wherein said analyzer calculates the position and orientation of said piece of sports equipment and said individual based upon said received first and second signals.

38. The motion analysis system of claim 37, comprising a radiation source, wherein said first and second sensor devices each receive radiation emitted from said radiation source to detect the position and orientation of said piece of sports equipment and said individual, respectively.

39. The motion analysis system of claim 37, wherein the piece of sports equipment comprises a golf club;

and the motion analysis system further comprises;

a ball to be struck by said golf club; and

wherein said analyzer calculates the position of said ball from said first sensor device when a clubhead of said golf club impacts with said ball.

40. The motion analysis system of claim 37, wherein the piece of sports equipment comprises a golf club;

and the motion analysis system further comprises;

a ball to be struck by said golf club; and

wherein said analyzer calculates the path of said ball from said first sensor device when a clubhead of said golf club impacts with said ball.

41. A golf swing analysis system for analyzing the swing of a golf club by an individual, said system comprising:

a golf club to be swung by an individual, said golf club having a handle, a shaft and a clubhead;

a sensor for detecting the position of said golf club and producing a signal representative of said position;

a display having one or more control areas, each control area corresponding to a predetermined instruction;

an analyzer for receiving said signal from said sensor and generating a cursor on said display corresponding to the position of said clubhead, wherein when said cursor is positioned at one of said control areas on said display said analyzer performs said predetermined instruction corresponding to said control area that said cursor is positioned.

42. The golf swing analysis system of claim 41, comprising a radiation source, wherein said sensor receives radiation emitted from said radiation source to detect the position of said clubhead.

43. The golf swing analysis system of claim 42, wherein said radiation source emits magnetic fields.

44. The golf swing analysis system of claim 43, wherein said sensor detects six degrees of freedom of said clubhead from said emitted magnetic fields.

45. The golf swing analysis system of claim 41, further comprising:

a radio-frequency transmitter attached to said sensor and sending said signal to said analyzer;

said analyzer comprises a radio-frequency receiver to receive said signal sent by said radio-frequency transmitter.

46. The golf swing analysis system of claim 41, wherein said sensor is attached to said golf club.

50. The golf swing analysis system of claim 41, wherein said one or more control areas on said display are labeled.

51. The golf swing analysis system of claim 41, said analyzer having:

a memory that stores positions that correspond to said one or more control areas;

a processor that calculates the position of said cursor from said signal received from said sensor; and

a comparator that compares said calculated cursor position with said stored positions that correspond to said one or more control areas, wherein said analyzer performs the predetermined instruction corresponding to the control area that has a stored position that matches said calculated position of said cursor.

52. The golf swing analysis system of claim 41, wherein said sensor is attached to said golf club at a position separated from said clubhead.

47. The golf swing analysis system of club 46, wherein said sensor is attached to a base having a pair of prongs that define a space that receives said handle of said golf club.

48. The golf swing analysis system of claim 47, wherein said sensor detects six degrees of freedom of said clubhead from said emitted magnetic fields.

49. The golf swing analysis system of claim 48, further comprising:

a radio-frequency transmitter attached to said sensor and sending said signal to said analyzer;

said analyzer comprises a radio-frequency receiver to receive said signal sent by said radio-frequency transmitter.

53. A motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of a piece of sports equipment, said system comprising:

a piece of sports equipment to be handled by an individual;

a radiation source that emits radiation;

a sensor attached to said piece of sports equipment for detecting the position of said piece of sports equipment, wherein said sensor receives said radiation and produces a signal representative of said position;

a display having one or more control areas, each control area corresponding to a predetermined instruction;

an analyzer for receiving said signal from said sensor and generating a cursor on said display corresponding to the position of said piece of sports equipment, wherein when said cursor is positioned at one of said control areas on said display said analyzer performs said predetermined instruction corresponding to said control area that said cursor is positioned.

54. The motion analysis system of claim 53, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a golf club.

55. The motion analysis system of claim 53, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a baseball bat.

56. The motion analysis system of claim 53, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a hockey stick.

57. The motion analysis system of claim 53, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a tennis racket.

58. The motion analysis system of claim 53, wherein said radiation source emits magnetic fields.

59. The motion analysis system of claim 58, wherein said sensor detects six degrees of freedom of said object from said emitted magnetic fields.

60. The motion analysis system of claim 53, wherein said one or more control areas on said display are labeled.

61. A motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of a piece of sports equipment, said system comprising:

a piece of sports equipment to be handled by an individual;

a radiation source that emits radiation;

a sensor attached to said piece of sports equipment for detecting the position of said piece of sports equipment, wherein said sensor receives said radiation and produces a signal representative of said position;

a display having one or more control areas, each control area corresponding to a predetermined instruction;

an analyzer comprising;

a memory that stores positions that correspond to said one or more control areas;

a processor that calculates the position of said cursor from said signal received from said sensor; and

a comparator that compares said calculated cursor position with said stored positions that correspond to said one or more control areas, wherein said analyzer performs the predetermined instruction corresponding to the control area that has a stored position that matches said calculated position of said cursor;

wherein said analyzer receives said signal from said sensor and generating a cursor on said display corresponding to the position of said object, wherein when said cursor is positioned at one of said control areas on said display said analyzer performs said predetermined instruction corresponding to said control area that said cursor is positioned.

62. A motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of an individual, said system comprising:

a radiation source that emits radiation;

a first sensor attached to a part of said individual for receiving a portion of said radiation emitted from said radiation source and producing a first signal representative of said position of said part;

a second sensor attached to an object for receiving a second portion of said radiation emitted from said radiation source and producing a second signal representative of said position of said object;

an analyzer for receiving said first signal from said first sensor and computing the three dimensional position of said part of said individual,

said analyzer receives said second signal from said second sensor and computing the three dimensional position of said object;

a display for showing the position of the part and object based upon the computed three dimensional positions of said part and said object, respectively.

63. The motion analysis system of claim 62, wherein said object comprises a piece of sports equipment.

64. The motion analysis system of claim 63, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a golf club.

65. The motion analysis system of claim 63, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a baseball bat.

66. The motion analysis system of claim 63, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a hockey stick.

67. The motion analysis system of claim 63, wherein said piece of sports equipment comprises a tennis racket.

68. The motion analysis system of claim 62, wherein said radiation source emits magnetic fields.

69. The motion analysis system of claim 68, wherein said first sensor detects six degrees of freedom of said part from said emitted magnetic fields.

70. The motion analysis system of claim 62, further comprising:

a radio-frequency transmitter attached to said first sensor and sending said first signal to said analyzer;

said analyzer comprises a radio-frequency receiver to receive said first signal sent by said radio-frequency transmitter.

71. The motion analysis system of claim 62, wherein said first sensor is attached to a piece of clothing worn by said individual.

72. The motion analysis system of claim 62, wherein said first sensor is attached to a hat worn by said individual.

73. The motion analysis system of claim 62, comprising a view selector that rotates the calculated three dimensional positions of said part and said object by an amount determined by said individual;

said rotated positions of said part and said object are shown on said display.

74. The motion analysis system of claim 62, further comprising:

a memory storing model positions of said part and said object;

said analyzer calculating a vector from said model position of either said part or said object to the model position of the other of said part or said object and applying said vector to one of said calculated three dimensional positions of said part;

said analyzer applying said vector to the calculated position of either said part or said object to determine a preferred position of the other of said part or said object;

a comparator for comparing whether the preferred position is within a predetermined tolerance of the calculated three dimensional position of the other of said part or said object.

75. The motion analysis system of claim 74, wherein the direction cosines of said vector are used to determine the preferred position of the other of said part or said object.

76. The motion analysis system of claim 74, wherein said display visually indicates when the preferred position is not within the predetermined tolerance.

77. A motion analysis system for analyzing the motion of an individual, said system comprising:

a radiation source that emits radiation;

a first sensor attached to a first part of said individual for receiving a portion of said radiation emitted from said radiation source and producing a first signal representative of said position of said first part;

a second sensor attached to a second part of said individual for receiving a second portion of said radiation emitted from said radiation source and producing a second signal representative of said position of said second part;

a memory storing model positions of said first and second parts;

an analyzer for receiving said first signal from said first sensor and computing the three dimensional position of said first part of said individual,

said analyzer receives said second signal from said second sensor and computing the three dimensional position of said second part of said individual;

said analyzer calculating a vector from said model position of said first part to the model position of the second part;

said analyzer applying said vector to the calculated position of said first part to determine a preferred position of said second part;

a comparator for comparing whether the preferred position is within a predetermined tolerance of the calculated three dimensional position of said second part; and

a display for showing the position of the first and second parts based upon the computed three dimensional positions of said first and second parts, respectively.

78. The motion analysis system of claim 77, wherein said radiation source emits magnetic fields.

79. The motion analysis system of claim 78, wherein said first sensor detects six degrees of freedom of said first part from said emitted magnetic fields.

80. The motion analysis system of claim 77, further comprising:

a radio-frequency transmitter attached to said first sensor and sending said first signal to said analyzer;

said analyzer comprises a radio frequency receiver to receive said first signal sent by said radio-frequency transmitter.

81. The motion analysis system of claim 77, wherein said first sensor is attached to a piece of clothing worn by said individual.

82. The motion analysis system of claim 77, wherein said first sensor is attached to a hat worn by said individual.

83. The motion analysis system of claim 77, comprising a view selector that rotates the calculated three dimensional positions of said first and second parts by an amount determined by said individual;

said rotated positions of said first and second parts are shown on said display.

84. The motion analysis system of claim 77, wherein the direction cosines of said vector are used to determine the preferred position of said second part.

85. The motion analysis system of claim 77, wherein said display visually indicates when the preferred position is not within the predetermined tolerance.