Apparatus and method for mirror surface grinding and grinding wheel therefore
First Claim
1. An apparatus for grinding a mirror surface on a workpiece, comprising:
- a conductive grinding wheel comprising non-conductive grains and metal bond material therebetween and having a contact surface for contacting the workpiece, wherein the grinding wheel is formed by sintering, at a high temperature, grains, bond material and sintering aid, wherein the bond material is selected from the group consisting of cast iron, ferrous metal, cobalt, nickel and a combination of two or more members of the group, and wherein the grains are diamond or CBN grains of an average grain size of not more than 6 μ
m;
an electrode opposed to the contact surface without contacting the surface;
a reservoir of conductive fluid, wherein the conductive fluid is water soluble and contains an inorganic salt, an alkanolamine, an anion and a cation, wherein the inorganic salt is an alkaline metal salt of any one of carbonate, silicate, and molybdate, and wherein the cation is selected from molybdenum, sodium and potassium;
a plurality of nozzles for supplying the conductive fluid between the grinding wheel and the electrode; and
an electrical power source and feeder arranged to apply a pulse wave voltage between the grinding wheel and the electrode, wherein said pulse wave is a rippled pulse wave obtained by adding a constant voltage to a pure pulse wave.
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Abstract
An apparatus and a method for mirror surface grinding which enables high quality, stable ELID grinding; and a grinding wheel for electrolytic dressing. The apparatus comprises a grinding wheel 3 having a contact surface 2 for contacting a workpiece 1, an electrode 4 facing the surface 2, nozzles 5 for supplying conductive fluid between the grinding wheel 3 and the electrode 4, and a power source 6 and feeder 7 for applying a voltage between the grinding wheel and the electrode 4. The bond material, which is selected from among iron, ferrous metal, cobalt, nickel and combinations of two or more thereof, along with grains and sintering aid are molded together and sintered to obtain the conductive grinding wheel. Next, a conductive water-soluble grinding fluid containing an alkanolamine and anions is supplied between the grinding wheel and the electrode, and a pulse wave voltage is applied between the grinding wheel and the electrode to dress the grinding wheel electrolytically during grinding.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. An apparatus for grinding a mirror surface on a workpiece, comprising:
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a conductive grinding wheel comprising non-conductive grains and metal bond material therebetween and having a contact surface for contacting the workpiece, wherein the grinding wheel is formed by sintering, at a high temperature, grains, bond material and sintering aid, wherein the bond material is selected from the group consisting of cast iron, ferrous metal, cobalt, nickel and a combination of two or more members of the group, and wherein the grains are diamond or CBN grains of an average grain size of not more than 6 μ
m;an electrode opposed to the contact surface without contacting the surface; a reservoir of conductive fluid, wherein the conductive fluid is water soluble and contains an inorganic salt, an alkanolamine, an anion and a cation, wherein the inorganic salt is an alkaline metal salt of any one of carbonate, silicate, and molybdate, and wherein the cation is selected from molybdenum, sodium and potassium; a plurality of nozzles for supplying the conductive fluid between the grinding wheel and the electrode; and an electrical power source and feeder arranged to apply a pulse wave voltage between the grinding wheel and the electrode, wherein said pulse wave is a rippled pulse wave obtained by adding a constant voltage to a pure pulse wave. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of grinding a mirror surface on a workpiece using an apparatus comprising:
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a conductive grinding wheel comprising non-conductive grains and metal bond material therebetween and having a contact surface for contacting the workpiece, wherein the grinding wheel is formed by sintering, at a high temperature, grains, gond material and sintering aid, wherein the bond material is selected from the group consisting of cast iron, ferrous metal, cobalt, nickel and a combination of two or more members of the group, and wherein the grains are diamond or CBN grains of an average grain size of not more than 6 μ
m;an electrode opposed to the contact surface without contacting the surface; a reservoir of conductive fluid, wherein the conductive fluid is water soluble and contains an inorganic salt, an alkanolamine, an anion and a cation, wherein the inorganic salt is an alkaline metal salt of any one of carbonate, silicate, and molybdate, and wherein the cation is selected from molybdenum, sodium and potassium; a plurality of nozzles for supplying the conductive fluid between the grinding wheel and the electrode; and an electrical power source and feeder arranged to apply a pulse wave voltage between the grinding wheel and the electrode, wherein said pulse wave is a rippled pulse wave obtained by adding a constant voltage to a pure pulse wave; wherein said method comprises the steps of; (1) grinding a workpiece with said grinding wheel while supplying said conductive fluid between the grinding wheel and the electrode; (2) applying said voltage between the grinding wheel and the electrode, whereby the grinding wheel is electrolytically dressed while the workpiece is ground by the grinding wheel; and (3) controlling the apparatus so that the grinding wheel is electrolytically dressed while the workpiece is ground by the grinding wheel, so that an insulation film is sequentially formed and removed from the grinding wheel, so that dissolution of the bond material is automatically regulated, and so that the protrosuion of grains on the grinding wheel is automatically controlled. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification