Carbonaceous electrode and compatible electrolyte
First Claim
1. A battery which comprises a first electrode, a counter electrode which forms an electrochemical couple with said first electrode, and an electrolyte:
- a) said first electrode consisting essentially of graphite particles and a binder, where on the basis of 100 parts by weight, said binder constitutes up to about 15 parts and said graphite particles constitute at least about 85 parts;
said graphite particles having an interlayer distance spacing of 002 planes (d002) as determined by x-ray diffraction of 0.3350 to 0.3360 nanometers (nm), a crystallite size in the direction of c-axis (Lc) being greater than about 100 nanometers (nm) and less than about 200 nanometers (nm), a BET surface area of greater than about 6 square meters per gram (m2 /g) and up to about 16 square meters per gram (m2 /g), and at least 90 percent by weight of said graphite particles having a size less than 16 microns (μ
m); and
b) said electrolyte comprising a solute and a solvent mixture;
said solute consisting essentially of a salt of a metal;
said solvent mixture consisting essentially of propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and optionally one or more other organic solvents having a boiling point less than the boiling of point of said EC;
with the ethylene carbonate being present in an amount by weight which is at least as great as the amount of propylene carbonate and at least as great as the amount of any said other solvent, respectively.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The inventions provides a battery which comprises a first electrode, a counter electrode which forms an electrochemical couple with said first electrode, and an electrolyte. The first electrode comprises graphite particles having an interlayer distance spacing of 002 planes (d002) as determined by x-ray diffraction of 0.330 to 0.340 nanometers (nm), a crystallite size in the direction of c-axis (Lc) being greater than about 90 nanometers (nm) and less than about 1000 nanometers, and at least 90 percent by weight of said graphite particles having a size less than about 24 microns (μm). The electrolyte comprises a solvent mixture and a solute; the solvent mixture comprises (i) ethylene carbonate (EC), and (ii) a solvent selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), and mixtures thereof with the ethylene carbonate being present in an amount by weight which is at least as great as the amount of any other solvent. Optionally, the solvent mixture further comprises one or more other organic solvents selected from the group consisting of methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and mixtures thereof.
99 Citations
30 Claims
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1. A battery which comprises a first electrode, a counter electrode which forms an electrochemical couple with said first electrode, and an electrolyte:
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a) said first electrode consisting essentially of graphite particles and a binder, where on the basis of 100 parts by weight, said binder constitutes up to about 15 parts and said graphite particles constitute at least about 85 parts;
said graphite particles having an interlayer distance spacing of 002 planes (d002) as determined by x-ray diffraction of 0.3350 to 0.3360 nanometers (nm), a crystallite size in the direction of c-axis (Lc) being greater than about 100 nanometers (nm) and less than about 200 nanometers (nm), a BET surface area of greater than about 6 square meters per gram (m2 /g) and up to about 16 square meters per gram (m2 /g), and at least 90 percent by weight of said graphite particles having a size less than 16 microns (μ
m); andb) said electrolyte comprising a solute and a solvent mixture;
said solute consisting essentially of a salt of a metal;
said solvent mixture consisting essentially of propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and optionally one or more other organic solvents having a boiling point less than the boiling of point of said EC;
with the ethylene carbonate being present in an amount by weight which is at least as great as the amount of propylene carbonate and at least as great as the amount of any said other solvent, respectively. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. A battery which comprises a first electrode, a counter electrode which forms an electrochemical couple with said first electrode, and an electrolyte:
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a) said first electrode comprising graphite particles having an interlayer distance spacing of 002 planes (d002) as determined by x-ray diffraction of 0.330 to 0.340 nanometers (nm), a crystallite size in the direction of c-axis (Lc) being greater than about 90 nanometers (nm) and less than about 1000 nanometers, and at least 90 percent by weight of said graphite particles having a size less than about 24 microns (μ
m); andb) said electrolyte comprising a solvent mixture and a solute;
said solvent mixture comprising propylene carbonate (PC) and ethylene carbonate (EC), with the ethylene carbonate being present in an amount by weight which is at least as great as the amount of said propylene carbonate. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A battery which comprises a first electrode, a counter electrode which forms an electrochemical couple with said first electrode, and an electrolyte:
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a) said first electrode comprising graphite particles having an interlayer distance spacing of 002 planes (d002) as determined by x-ray diffraction of 0.330 to 0.340 nanometers (nm), a crystallite size in the direction of c-axis (Lc) being greater than about 90 nanometers (nm) and less than about 200 nanometers (nm), a BET surface area of greater than about 4 square meters per gram (m2 /g) and up to about 16 square meters per gram (m2 /g), and at least 90 percent by weight of said graphite particles having a size less than about 16 microns (μ
m); andb) said electrolyte comprising a solute and a solvent mixture;
said solute comprising a salt of a metal;
said solvent mixture comprising (i) ethylene carbonate (EC), and (ii) a solvent selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), and mixtures thereof with the ethylene carbonate being present in an amount by weight which is at least as great as the amount of any other solvent. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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Specification