Expert system and method employing hierarchical knowledge base, and interactive multimedia/hypermedia applications

• US 5,644,686 A
• Filed: 04/29/1994
• Issued: 07/01/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Hekmatpour, Amir
• Primary Examiner(s): Hafiz, Tariq R.
• Application Number:
  US08/235,301
• Time in Patent Office: 1,159 Days
• Field of Search: 395/50, 395/51, 395/76, 395/77, 395/62
• US Class Current: 706/45
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0481 based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/103 Formatting, i.e. changing of presentation of documents automatic justification G06F40/189; automatic line break hyphenation G06F40/191
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/02 Knowledge representation; Symbolic representation
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/022 Knowledge engineering; Knowledge acquisition
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/04 Inference or reasoning models
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 5/065 Combinations of audio and video presentations, e.g. videotapes, videodiscs, television systems
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 7/04 characterised by modifying the teaching programme in response to a wrong answer, e.g. repeating the question, supplying a further explanation

Abstract

An expert system and processing method employing a three level hierarchical knowledge base that has a plurality of nodes coupled together. An uppermost level comprises a behavioral knowledge level, a middle level comprises a structural knowledge level and a lowermost level is an action level. Inference processing proceeds from the behavioral knowledge level through the structural knowledge level to a leaf node of the action level. One or more non-inferentially assessable utilities may be associated with the inference kernel of the expert system for accessing during inferential processing within the hierarchically structured knowledge base. A knowledge editor implements guidelines that structure received information in the desired hierarchical three level configuration. Further, interactive multimedia/hypermedia systems and methods are presented, which might be expert system based. Training and certification applications of the multimedia/hypermedia system/method are given.

Claims

1. An expert system responsive to provided external information, said expert system comprising:

first memory means for storing a hierarchically-structured knowledge base containing inferentially processable information, wherein said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises a hierarchical decomposition comprising a plurality of knowledge trees coupled together in multiple levels, said multiple levels being arranged according to attributes associated with said plurality of knowledge trees, and wherein said multiple levels comprise three distinct levels, said three distinct levels comprising an uppermost level having a domain behavioral knowledge tree, a middle level having a domain structural knowledge tree and a lowermost level having a domain action tree;

second memory means for storing at least one multimedia or hypermedia utility containing non-inferentially accessible information; and

processing means coupled to said first memory means and to said second memory means for processing said hierarchically-structured knowledge base and for accessing said at least one utility, respectively, said processing means comprising means for inferential processing of information in said hierarchically-structured knowledge base and means for non-inferential accessing of information in said at least one utility, said means for inferential processing of information and said means for non-inferential accessing of information being responsive to the provided external information, and wherein said three distinct levels of said hierarchically-structured knowledge base are interconnected such that said means for inferential processing of information inference processes through said hierarchically-structured knowledge base from said domain behavioral knowledge level through said domain structural knowledge level to said domain action level.

2. The expert system of claim 1, wherein said processing means is domain independent.

3. The expert system of claim 1, wherein said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises a diagnostic knowledge base and wherein said means for inferential processing of information in said hierarchically-structured knowledge base proceeds interactively with external information provided by a user of the expert system.

4. The expert system of claim 1, wherein said means for inferential processing of information in said hierarchically-structured knowledge base includes means for employing said means for non-inferential accessing of information in said at least one utility during inferential processing of information in said hierarchically-structured knowledge base.

5. The expert system of claim 1, wherein at least some nodes in the hierarchical decomposition have entropy values associated therewith, each entropy value being related to at least a node strength or a node cost for the associated node, wherein said means for inferential processing of information of said hierarchically-structured knowledge base includes means for employing the entropy values to inferentially process information.

6. The expert system of claim 1, further in combination with a supervised knowledge acquisition means for predefining said hierarchically-structured knowledge base.

7. The expert system of claim 1, wherein said at least one utility comprises one of a training module, an on-line documentation module, a service module, and a certification module.

8. The expert system of claim 7, wherein said expert system comprises a multimedia expert system and wherein said at least one utility contains non-inferentially accessible, multimedia displayable information.

9. The expert system of claim 7, wherein said expert system comprises a hypermedia expert system and wherein said at least one utility contains non-inferentially accessible, hypermedia displayable information.

10. The expert system of claim 7, wherein said expert system comprises a multimedia/hypermedia expert system, and wherein said at least one utility contains non-inferentially accessible, multimedia displayable information and hypermedia displayable information.

11. The expert system of claim 10, wherein said hypermedia displayable information has a predefined graphic image that when selected by a user provides an options menu having at least two user selectable options, each user selectable option of said at least two user selectable options being linked to a separate portion of the multimedia displayable information, each separate portion of said multimedia displayable information presenting information to the user of the expert system in a different multimedia format upon user selection of the linked user selectable option.

12. The expert system of claim 10, further comprising means for presenting said multimedia displayable information and said hypermedia displayable information to the user of the expert system using fixed presentation templates.

13. The expert system of claim 1, further comprising a display means and a graphical user interface, said graphical user interface being coupled to said display means and to said processing means for coordinating a user'"'"'s interactive providing of external information to the expert system.

14. The expert system of claim 13, wherein said expert system comprises a multilevel training and certification system and wherein said at least one utility includes an active training module for guiding and monitoring a user'"'"'s training.

15. The expert system of claim 1, further comprising an external application utility, and wherein said processing means is coupled such that said means for non-inferential accessing of information includes means for non-inferential accessing of information from said external application utility.

16. The expert system of claim 1, further in combination with a supervised knowledge acquisition means for predefining said hierarchically-structured knowledge base.

17. An intelligent system responsive to provided external information, said intelligent system comprising:

memory means for storing multimedia displayable information, said multimedia displayable information being non-inferentially accessible; and

an intelligent control system coupled to said memory means, said intelligent control system including a hierarchically-structured knowledge base containing inferentially processable information and processing means coupled to said hierarchically-structured knowledge base, wherein said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises a hierarchical decomposition comprising a plurality of knowledge trees coupled together in multiple levels, said multiple levels being arranged according to attributes associated with said plurality of knowledge trees, wherein said multiple levels comprise three distinct levels, said three distinct levels comprising an uppermost level having a domain behavioral knowledge tree, a middle level having a domain structural knowledge tree, and a lowermost level having a domain action tree, said processing means including means for inferential processing of information in said hierarchically-structured knowledge base and means for non-inferential accessing of said multimedia displayable information stored in said memory means, said means for non-inferential accessing of said multimedia displayable information being responsive to said means for inferential processing of information, and said means for inferential processing of information being responsive to the provided external information, and wherein said three distinct levels of said hierarchically-structured knowledge base are interconnected such that said means for inferential processing of information inference processes through said hierarchically-structured knowledge base from said domain behavioral knowledge level through said domain structural knowledge level to said domain action level.

18. The intelligent system of claim 17, wherein said memory means further comprises:

means for storing hypermedia displayable information, said hypermedia displayable information also being non-inferentially accessible; and

wherein said intelligent control system'"'"'s means for non-inferential accessing of information includes means for non-inferential accessing of said hypermedia displayable information stored in said memory means.

19. The intelligent system of claim 18, wherein said intelligent control system includes display means, and wherein said hypermedia displayable information includes a predefined graphics image displayable on said display means, said processing means of said intelligent control system including means for providing the user of the intelligent system with an options menu upon user selection of the predefined graphics image, said options menu having at least two user selectable options, each user selectable option of said at least two user selectable options being linked to a separate portion of the multimedia displayable information stored in the memory means.

20. The intelligent system of claim 19, wherein each separate portion of said multimedia displayable information presents information in a different multimedia format to the user of the intelligent system via said display means upon user selection of the linked user selectable option.

21. The intelligent system of claim 20, wherein said different multimedia formats include a text format, a graphical image format, and a video/animation format.

22. The intelligent system of claim 17, further comprising a graphical user interface coupled to said intelligent control system for facilitating user providing of said external information.

23. The intelligent system of claim 22, wherein said intelligent control system includes user controllable means for creating and altering the multimedia displayable information in video or animation format.

24. The intelligent system of claim 22, wherein said user controllable means for creating and altering multimedia displayable information in video or animation format includes user selectable means for establishing a run-time video library or a compile-time video library prior to display of said multimedia displayable information in video or animation format.