Auto CPAP system and method for preventing patient disturbance using airflow profile information
First Claim
1. Method for adaptively providing continuous positive airway pressure in an upper airway system said method comprising the steps of:
- detecting airflow in the upper airway system in predetermined increments of time during a breath to provide an airflow profile for the breath;
averaging said airflow information over a plurality of breaths;
distinguishing respiratory and non-respiratory components of said airflow using said averaged airflow information;
using non-respiratory airflow information to identify periods of inspiration and expiration and to provide a respiratory airflow profile;
extracting from the respiratory airflow profile information a first peak inspiratory airflow and a first airflow profile;
introducing a pressure change to a second pressure, which produces a second peak inspiratory airflow and a second airflow profile;
comparing the first and second peak inspiratory airflow and the first and second airflow profile; and
preventing a patient disturbance from occurring by setting pressure in said upper airway system using said comparison.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The present invention relates to systems and methods for automatically and continuously regulating the level of nasal pressure to an optimal value during OSA (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) treatment. OSA therapy is implemented by a device which automatically re-evaluates an applied pressure and continually searches for a minimum pressure required to adequately distend a patient'"'"'s pharyngeal airway. For example, this optimal level varies with body position and stage of sleep throughout the night. In addition, this level varies depending upon the patient'"'"'s body weight and whether or not alcohol or sleeping medicine has been ingested.
485 Citations
52 Claims
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1. Method for adaptively providing continuous positive airway pressure in an upper airway system said method comprising the steps of:
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detecting airflow in the upper airway system in predetermined increments of time during a breath to provide an airflow profile for the breath; averaging said airflow information over a plurality of breaths; distinguishing respiratory and non-respiratory components of said airflow using said averaged airflow information; using non-respiratory airflow information to identify periods of inspiration and expiration and to provide a respiratory airflow profile; extracting from the respiratory airflow profile information a first peak inspiratory airflow and a first airflow profile; introducing a pressure change to a second pressure, which produces a second peak inspiratory airflow and a second airflow profile; comparing the first and second peak inspiratory airflow and the first and second airflow profile; and preventing a patient disturbance from occurring by setting pressure in said upper airway system using said comparison. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. Method for adaptively providing continuous positive airway pressure in an upper airway system said method comprising the steps of:
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detecting airflow in the upper airway system in predetermined increments of time during a breath to provide an airflow profile for the breath; averaging said airflow information over a plurality of breaths; partitioning said airflow into respiratory and non-respiratory components using said averaged airflow information; using non-respiratory airflow information to identify periods of inspiration and expiration and to provide respiratory airflow profile; extracting from the respiratory airflow profile information features comprising peak inspiratory airflow, flatness and/or roundness; introducing a pressure change for a single breath and determining for that breath the peak inspiratory airflow and either flatness or roundness; comparing the peak inspiratory airflow and the flatness or roundness for the single breath with the same features extracted from said respiratory airflow profile information for said plurality of breaths; and preventing a patient disturbance from occurring by adjusting pressure in said upper airway system in response to the comparison of said features. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. System for providing continuous positive airway pressure in an upper airway system said system comprising:
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means for detecting airflow in an tipper airway system of a patient; means for generating pressure in said tipper airway system in response to a command pressure; means for extracting peak inspiratory airflow information and airflow profile information for a plurality of breaths at a first pressure; means for determining a second peak inspiratory airflow and a second airflow profile for at least one breath at a second pressure; means for comparing the first and second peak inspiratory airflow and the first and second airflow profile; and means for preventing a patient disturbance from occurring by adaptively controlling said pressure generating means in response to said comparison means. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. Method for adaptively providing continuous positive airway pressure in an upper airway system, said method comprising the steps of:
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detecting airflow in the upper airway system in predetermined increments of time during a breath to provide an airflow profile for the breath; averaging said airflow information over a plurality of breaths; partitioning said airflow into respiratory and non-respiratory components using said averaged airflow information; using non-respiratory airflow information to identify periods of inspiration and expiration and to provide respiratory airflow profile; extracting from the respiratory airflow profile information a first profile shape at a first pressure; introducing a pressure change for a single breath and determining for that single breath a second profile shape; comparing the first profile shape and the second profile shape; and preventing a patient disturbance from occurring by adjusting pressure in said upper airway system in response to said comparison. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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37. System for providing continuous positive airway pressure in an upper airway system, said system comprising:
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means for detecting airflow in an upper airway system of a patient; means for generating pressure in said upper airway system in response to a command pressure; means for partitioning said airflow into respiratory and non-respiratory components; means for identifying periods of inspiration and expiration using non-respiratory airflow in formation; means for extracting respiratory airflow profile shape for a plurality of breaths at a first pressure; means for determining a second respiratory airflow profile shape for a single breath at a second pressure; means for comparing the first and second airflow profile shapes; and means for preventing a patient disturbance from occurring by adaptively controlling said pressure generating means in response to said comparison means. - View Dependent Claims (38)
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39. Method for adaptively providing continuous positive airway pressure in an upper airway system, said method comprising the steps of:
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detecting airflow in the upper airway system in predetermined increments of time during a breath to provide an airflow profile for the breath; averaging said airflow information over a plurality of breaths; partitioning said airflow into respiratory and non-respiratory components using said averaged airflow information; using non-respiratory airflow information to identify periods of inspiration and expiration and to provide respiratory airflow profile; extracting from the respiratory airflow profile information a peak inspiratory airflow; introducing a pressure change for at least one breath and determining for that pressure the peak inspiratory airflow; comparing the peak inspiratory airflow for the pressure change with the peak inspiratory airflow extracted from said respiratory airflow profile information for said plurality of breaths; and preventing a patient disturbance from occurring by adjusting pressure in said upper airway system in response to said comparison. - View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45)
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46. Method for adaptively providing continuous positive airway pressure in an upper airway, said method comprising the steps of:
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detecting airflow in an upper airway system to provide an airflow profile for each breath; identifying the onset of inspiration by detecting an increase in slope of the airflow profile; determining respiratory airflow and non-respiratory airflow; continuously calculating the averaged respiratory airflow as a moving average airflow over a first period of time comprising a plurality of breaths; using the moving average airflow and a weighted average of non-respiratory airflow over a second shorter period of time comprising a plurality of previous breaths to determine a corrected moving average airflow; adjusting the corrected moving average airflow using a ratio of the existing average respiratory airflow divided by mask pressure; changing the mask pressure and re-initializing the averaged respiratory airflow to equal the new mask pressure times said ratio; and adjusting pressure in said upper airway system using the re-initialized averaged respiratory airflow information. - View Dependent Claims (47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52)
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Specification