Thin film lithium polymer battery

• US 5,645,960 A
• Filed: 05/19/1995
• Issued: 07/08/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: United States Air Force (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
• Inventors: Marsh, Richard A., Scrosati, Bruno, Scanlon, Lawrence G. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): NUZZOLILLO, MARIA
• Application Number:
  US08/446,090
• Time in Patent Office: 781 Days
• Field of Search: 429/190, 429/191, 429/218, 429/220, 429/219
• US Class Current: 429/219
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0565 Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/5825 Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/621 Binders
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/181 with polymeric electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A solid state electrochemical cell comprising:

(a) an electrolyte comprising a polymeric matrix, an inorganic salt and a solvent;

(b) an anode comprising a thin film of lithium metal or an alloy thereof; and

(c) a cathode comprising a polymeric matrix, a conductive carbon and a metal salt, M₂ ZO₄, wherein M is Ag or Cu and Z is W, Mo or Cr.

Claims

1. A solid state electrochemical cell comprising:

(a) an electrolyte comprising a polymeric matrix, an inorganic salt and a solvent;

(b) an anode comprising a thin film of lithium metal or an alloy thereof; and

(c) a cathode comprising a polymeric matrix, a conductive carbon and a metal salt, M₂ ZO₄, wherein M is Ag or Cu and Z is W, Mo or Cr.

2. The cell of claim 1 wherein said electrolyte comprises about 15-25 weight percent polymeric matrix, about 70-80 weight percent solvent and about 3-10 weight percent salt.

3. The cell of claim 1 wherein said polymeric matrix in said electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, polyethyleneimine, polyepichlorohydrin, polymethylmethacrylate and polyethylene succinate.

4. The cell of claim 3 wherein said polymeric matrix is polyacrylonitrile.

5. The cell of claim 1 wherein said salt in said electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of LiClO₄, LiI, LiSCN, LiBF₄, LiAsF₆, LiCF₃ SO₃, LiN(CF₃ SO₂)₂, LiPF₆, NaI and NaSCN.

6. The cell of claim 5 wherein said salt is LiClO₄.

7. The cell of claim 5 wherein said solvent in said electrolyte is a mixture of propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate.

8. The cell of claim 1 wherein said cathode comprises about 70-80 weight percent of said metal salt, about 3-10 weight percent conductive carbon and about 15-25 weight percent polymeric matrix.

9. The cell of claim 1 wherein said polymeric matrix in said cathode is polyvinylchloride.

10. The cell of claim 1 wherein said metal salt in said cathode is Ag₂ WO₄.

11. The cell of claim 1 wherein said metal salt in said cathode is CuWO₄.