Inventory management system using coded re-order information

• US 5,646,389 A
• Filed: 06/11/1996
• Issued: 07/08/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 11/13/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Symbol Technologies, Inc. (Zebra Technologies Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Symbol Technologies, Inc. (Zebra Technologies Corporation)
• Inventors: Wang, Ynjiun P., Bravman, Richard, Toedt, D. C. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Hajec, Donald T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): FILIPEK, JEFFER
• Application Number:
  US08/661,731
• Time in Patent Office: 392 Days
• Field of Search: 235/385, 235/383, 235/375
• US Class Current: 235/385
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 1/126 by photographic or thermographic registration recording apparatus for measuring instruments G01D15/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 17/00 Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/06037 multi-dimensional coding
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/14 using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light G06K7/10831 - G06K7/1097 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/1486 Setting the threshold-width for bar codes to be decoded
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/087 Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
• CPC Class Codes: G07G 1/0045 with a code reader for reading of an identifying code of the article to be registered, e.g. barcode reader or radio-frequency identity [RFID] reader

Abstract

Inventory item records are affixed to inventory item holders. The inventory item records comprise two-dimensional bar code labels containing encoded item identification information and reordering information for ordering replacement inventory items. The replacement inventory items are labeled with two-dimensional bar-coded information describing the ultimate destination, and packed into a container for shipment to a receiving/distribution center. The destination information is scanned and decoded at the receiving/distribution center to enable proper routing of the replacement inventory items.

Claims

1. A system for storing and managing inventory comprising:

(a) an inventory item holder holding at least one inventory item;

(b) an inventory item record comprising a bar code symbol label applied to said inventory item holder, said record including encoded item identification information identifying the at least one inventory item, and reordering information for the at least one inventory item;

(c) a bar code reader including means for decoding said bar code symbol label to obtain said item identification information and said reordering information;

(d) means for comparing a count of the number of said inventory items physically present at the inventory holder with a reorder count in said reordering information; and

(e) means, responsive to the comparing means, for generating a reorder message.

2. The system for storing and managing inventory according to claim 1, wherein the bar code symbol label is a two-dimensional bar code symbol label, and the bar code reader comprises:

means for reading two-dimensional bar code symbol data in PDF417 format from the label applied to said inventory item holder; and

decoding means for generating item-related information signals derived from said read two-dimensional bar coded symbol data.

3. The system for storing and managing inventory according to claim 1, wherein the symbol on the bar code symbol label comprises:

a plurality of ordered, adjacent rows of codewords of bar-coded information from a set of codewords, the set of codewords being partitioned into at least three mutually exclusive clusters, each row in the symbol having at least one row indicator codeword and containing only codewords from a cluster different from the codewords in an adjacent row.

4. The system for storing and managing inventory according to claim 1, wherein the decoding means comprises:

means for scanning the bar code symbol to produce scan lines of data representing the bar-coded information in codewords of the symbol,

means for decoding a scan line of data into a vector of codeword values corresponding to the codewords that were scanned, at least one of the codeword values being for a row indicator codeword,

means for assigning a row number to each of the codeword values in the vector based on the value of the row indicator codeword and a cluster of the codeword, and

means for filling in a codeword matrix with the codeword values in the vector according to their assigned row numbers.

5. The system of claim 4 wherein the row indicator codewords contain information regarding the number of rows in the symbol and the number of codewords in each row, and wherein the decoding means includes:

means for decoding a scan line of data to obtain a codeword value of a row indicator codeword, and

means for determining one of the number of rows and the number of codewords in each row from the codeword value for the row indicator codeword.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein each row of the bar code symbol contains a start pattern and a stop pattern of bar-coded information, and wherein the means for decoding a scan line of data in said decoding means includes means for locating a sequence of data in the scan line corresponding to one of the start and the stop patterns.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the symbol contains at least one error correction codeword, and row indicator codewords contain information regarding the number of rows in the symbol, the number of codewords in each row, and the number of error correction codewords, and

wherein the decoding means comprises:

means for decoding a scan line of data to obtain a codeword value for a row indicator codeword,

means for determining a value for one of the number of rows, the number of codewords in each row, and the number of error correction codewords from the codeword value for the row indicator codeword,

means for adjusting a confidence weight for a corresponding one of the number of rows, the number of codewords in each row, and the number of error correction codewords based on the value determined in the preceding step and a previous value obtained by decoding a row indicator codeword, and

means for initializing a codeword matrix when confidence weights for the number of rows, the number of codewords in each row, and the number of error correction codewords all exceed a predetermined threshold.

8. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one inventory item is a plurality of items and the system further includes a container for carrying the plurality of items from an origination point to a plurality of destination points via a redistribution point, and the encoded item identification information of the bar code label includes destination information for said plurality of items, the system further comprising:

(f) bar code reader means at the redistribution point for decoding the bar code symbol label; and

(g) means for transporting said plurality of items from the redistribution point to a destination point identified by the destination information.

9. The system of claim 1 wherein the system further includes a container, said at least one inventory item includes a plurality of items carried in said container, each said item having a selected destination and the bar code symbol label is a machine readable two-dimensional bar code symbol label applied to said container, said bar code symbol label containing destination information for each of said plurality of items.

10. A system for storing and managing inventory comprising:

an inventory item holder for holding at least one inventory item;

an inventory item record, including a first bar code symbol label applied to said inventory item holder, said record including encoded item identification information identifying the at least one inventory item and reordering information for the at least one inventory item;

a first bar code reader for decoding said first bar code symbol label to obtain said item identification information and said reordering information;

means for comparing a count of the number of said inventory items physically present at the inventory holder with a reorder count in said reordering information;

means, responsive to the comparing means, for generating a reorder message;

means for transmitting an order derived from the reorder message to an origination point for the transportation of reorder ones of said at least one inventory item;

means for generating a second bar code symbol label for application to the at least some of said at least one inventory item, containing item destination information identifying a destination point;

means for transporting the reorder ones of said at least one inventory item from the origination point to a redistribution point;

a second bar code reader at said redistribution point, including means for decoding the second bar code symbol label relating to said item destination information; and

means for transporting the reorder ones of said at least one inventory item from the redistribution point to the destination point identified by the item destination information.

11. The system for storing and managing inventory according to claim 10, wherein the first and second bar code symbol labels are two-dimensional bar code symbol labels, and each of the first and second bar code readers comprises:

means for reading two-dimensional bar code symbol data in PDF417 format.

12. The system for storing and managing inventory according to claim 10 wherein the bar code symbol on the first and second bar code symbol labels comprises:

a plurality of ordered, adjacent rows of codewords or bar-coded information from a set of codewords, the set of codewords being partitioned into at least three mutually exclusive clusters, each row in the symbol having at least one row indicator codeword and containing only codewords from a cluster different from the codewords in an adjacent row.

13. The system of claim 12 wherein the row indicator codewords contain information regarding the number of rows in the symbol and the number of codewords in each row, and wherein the decoding means includes:

means for decoding a scan line of data to obtain a codeword value of a row indicator codeword, and

means for determining one of the number of rows and the number of codewords in each row from the codeword value for the row indicator codeword.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein each row of the bar code symbol contains a start pattern and a stop pattern of bar-coded information, and wherein the means for decoding a scan line of data in said decoding means includes means for locating a sequence of data in the scan line corresponding to one of the start and the stop patterns.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the symbol contains at least one error correction codeword, and row indicator codewords contain information regarding the number of rows in the symbol, the number of codewords in each row, and the number of error correction codewords, and wherein each of the first and second bar code readers comprises:

means for decoding a scan line of data to obtain a codeword value for a row indicator codeword,

means for determining a value for one of the number of rows, the number of codewords in each row, and the number of error correction codewords from the codeword value for the row indicator codeword,

means for adjusting a confidence weight for a corresponding one of the number of rows, the number of codewords in each row, and the number of error correction codewords based on the value determined in the preceding step and a previous value obtained by decoding a row indicator codeword, and

means for initializing a codeword matrix when confidence weights for the number of rows, the number of codewords in each row, and the number of error correction codewords all exceed a predetermined threshold.

16. The system for storing and managing inventory according to claim 10 wherein each of the first and second bar code readers comprises:

means for scanning the bar code symbol to produce scan lines of data representing the bar-coded information in codewords of the symbol,

means for decoding a scan line of data into a vector of codeword values corresponding to the codewords that were scanned, at least one of the codeword values being for a row indicator codeword,

means for assigning a row number to each of the codeword values in the vector based on the value of the row indicator codeword and a cluster of the codeword, and

means for filling in a codeword matrix with the codeword values in the vector according to their assigned row numbers.

17. A system for storing and managing inventory comprising:

(a) an inventory item holder holding at least one inventory item;

(b) an inventory item record comprising a two-dimensional bar code symbol label applied to said inventory item holder, said record including encoded item identification information identifying the at least one inventory item, and reordering information for the at least one inventory item;

(c) a two-dimensional bar code reader including means for decoding said two-dimensional bar code symbol label to obtain said item identification information and said reordering information;

(d) means for comparing a count of the number of said inventory items physically present at the inventory holder with a reorder count in said reordering information; and

(e) means, responsive to the comparing means, for generating a reorder message.

18. A system for storing and managing inventory comprising:

an inventory item holder for holding at least one inventory item;

an inventory item record, including a two-dimensional bar code symbol label applied to said inventory item holder, said record including encoded item identification information identifying the at least one inventory item and reordering information for the at least one inventory item;

a two-dimensional bar code reader for decoding said two-dimensional bar code symbol label to obtain said item identification information and said reordering information;

means for comparing a count of the number of said inventory items physically present at the inventory holder with a reorder count in said reordering information;

means, responsive to the comparing means, for generating a reorder message;

means for transmitting an order derived from the reorder message to an origination point for the transportation of reorder ones of said at least one inventory item;

means for generating a two-dimensional bar code symbol label for application to the at least some of said at least one inventory item, containing item destination information identifying a destination point;

means for transporting the reorder ones of said at least one inventory item from the origination point to a redistribution point;

a bar code reader at said redistribution point, including decoding means for decoding the two-dimensional bar code symbol label relating to said item destination information; and

means for transporting the reorder ones of said at least one inventory item from the redistribution point to the destination point identified by the item destination information.

19. A method for storing and managing at least one inventory item to which an inventory item holder is connected, said inventory item holder having a bar code symbol label including encoded item identification information identifying the at least one inventory item and reordering information for the at least one inventory item, the method comprising the steps of:

decoding said bar code symbol label to obtain said item identification information and said reordering information;

comparing a count of the number of said inventory items physically present at the inventory holder with a reorder count in said reordering information; and

generating a reorder message based on a result of the comparing.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising the step of

transmitting an order derived from the reorder message to an origination point for the transportation of reorder ones of said at least one inventory item.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising the steps executed at the origination point of:

generating a second bar code symbol label containing item destination information identifying a destination point; and

transporting the reorder ones of said at least one inventory item from the origination point to a redistribution point with the second bar code symbol label attached.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising the steps executed at the redistribution point of:

decoding the second bar code symbol label relating to said item destination information; and

transporting the reorder ones of said at least one inventory item from the redistribution point to the destination point based on said decoded item destination information.