System for monitoring the front or rear parking space of a motor vehicle

• US 5,646,614 A
• Filed: 10/25/1994
• Issued: 07/08/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/25/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Daimler Chrysler Company LLC (Stellantis NV)
• Original Assignee: Mercedes-Benz AG (Mercedes-Benz Group AG)
• Inventors: Grantz, Helmut, Abersfelder, Guenter, Odebrecht, Wolfgang
• Primary Examiner(s): SWARTHOUT, BRENT
• Application Number:
  US08/328,671
• Time in Patent Office: 987 Days
• Field of Search: 340/932.2, 340/903, 340/435, 340/904, 340/901, 348/113, 348/116, 348/118, 348/135, 348/143, 348/148, 348/149, 348/169, 348/170, 348/171, 348/172
• US Class Current: 340/932.2
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 9/005 using a video camera
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 9/007 providing information about the distance to an obstacle, e.g. varying sound
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/00 Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/28 with an adjustable field of view
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2300/101 using cameras with adjustable capturing direction
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2300/802 for monitoring and displaying vehicle exterior blind spot views
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2300/806 for aiding parking
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2300/808 for facilitating docking to a trailer
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2201/10 Automatic or semi-automatic parking aid systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/183 for receiving images from a single remote source
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/185 from a mobile camera, e.g. for remote control

Abstract

A system for monitoring the rear or front space of a motor vehicle being parked is provided. The system is based on a video camera having an image sharpness control, which can follow an object once detected, in terms of its sharpness, with the camera'"'"'s autofocus over the whole search field, for example, by using fuzzy logic. The device uses this property for an image-processing-supported tracking of the viewing angle of a video camera which is designed to be pivotable and is used for rear-space or front-space monitoring, by which an object limiting the rearward or forward penetration depth of the vehicle can be seen up until contact with the vehicle'"'"'s bumper. The device eliminates obstacles which previously prevented the use of such video cameras in the rear space monitoring of private cars. A corresponding device can also be provided and used for monitoring the front space of a vehicle.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring a space in front of or in a rear of a motor vehicle which is being parked, the system comprising:

a video camera built into either the front or rear of the vehicle;

a viewing and monitoring device, having a display screen, operatively coupled to said video camera, said viewing and monitoring device being located so as to be in a field of view of a driver of said vehicle;

means for pivoting said video camera as a function of electric drive signals, said video camera having object-referenced image sharpness control of its optics, said sharpness control being effective over a whole image angle detected by said video camera such that a corresponding sharpness measuring field is able to follow an object over the entire display screen once it is detected;

an image processing unit which subdivides an image picked up by said video camera into at least one of fields, quadrants, and an edge region arranged outside and a central region arranged inside an auxiliary frame as reference fields for discriminating the object subjected to said sharpness control across the display screen, said image processing unit discerning an instantaneous position of said sharpness measuring field with reference to said at least one of the fields, quadrants and edge and central regions of the auxiliary frame;

said image processing unit generating said electric drive signals for said pivoting means to pivot the video camera such that the sharpness measuring field at least one of does not leave an original field or quadrant, reaches a predetermined field or predetermined quadrants, and does not cross from the central region over the auxiliary frame into the edge region of the image field, so as to one of counteract, neutralize and eliminate a sampling pivoting of the video camera from being triggered.

2. A system according to claim 1, wherein said object-referenced image sharpness control is carried out using fuzzy logic.

3. A system according to claim 1, wherein said image processing unit is designed such that at least one of:

before the detection of a nearest obstacle and after the loss of detection of a sharpness dominant near obstacle, at least one sampling pivoting of the camera is triggered, fully covering a pivoting angle δ

of the video camera in order to detect a most complete field of view (β

) possible.

4. A system according to claim 3, wherein said image processing unit is further designed such that, during a sequence of following a sharpness-dominant near obstacle, said image processing unit undertakes a corresponding cyclical scan sequence at high speed, for detecting newly occurring obstacles.

5. A system according to claim 4, further comprising means for electronically storing a last respective image, and in that the image picked up during a cyclic pivoting scan sequence of the video camera is blanked out and can be displayed on the screen together with an added warning marker instead of the last image displayed and stored before the scan sequence, and in that an immediate insertion of a screen image from the cyclic scan sequence currently in the process of being carried out takes place when the image processing unit recognizes, in so doing, a near obstacle more critical than that already currently in the process of being followed.

6. A system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of additional active sound-based and light-based means and sensors cooperating with said system for the detection of the respective nearest obstacle.

7. A system according to claim 6, wherein said additional means are connected at least to said viewing and monitoring device on a driver'"'"'s side, and in that detection results of said additional means can be displayed on the displaying screen of said viewing and monitoring device.

8. A system according to claim 6, wherein said additional means are operationally connected to said image processing unit, said image processing unit being designed such that it can derive data for a relevant obstacle via its relative position in the image field of a detection space of the additional means, and can transmit the data, at least for a pivoting preadjustment of the video camera for the purpose of immediate centering of its sharpness measuring field, to the pivoting means of the video camera.

9. A system according to claim 1, further comprising laser scanning means for detecting a respective nearest obstacle using a moving beam.

10. A system according to claim 9, wherein said laser scanning means are connected at least to said viewing and monitoring device on the driver'"'"'s side, and in that detection results of the laser scanning means can likewise be displayed on the display screen of said viewing and monitoring device.

11. A system according to claim 1, further comprising means for allowing the distance of the vehicle from the currently nearest obstacle to be measured and co-indicated on the display screen during a continuous detection and display of a distance situation to the currently nearest obstacle.

12. A system according to claim 11, wherein at least one of sound and light measuring means are used.