Tank for storing pressurized gas

• US 5,647,503 A
• Filed: 12/06/1995
• Issued: 07/15/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 08/29/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Jennifer L. Stenger
• Original Assignee: Spectrum Solutions Limited (Phillips 66 Company)
• Inventors: Steele, Robin S., Stenger, Jennifer L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Castellano, Stephen J.
• Application Number:
  US08/568,197
• Time in Patent Office: 587 Days
• Field of Search: 220/586, 220/589, 220/592, 220/590, 220/588, 220/581, 220/652, 220/653, 220/651, 220/464, 220/468
• US Class Current: 220/589
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 70/24 oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
• CPC Class Codes: B29L 2031/7156 Pressure vessels
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 15/03006 Gas tanks B60K15/07 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 1/16 constructed of plastics materials shaping of plastics B29C
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2201/0157 Polygonal
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/013 in the vessel, e.g. columns
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/0607 Coatings
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/0639 Steels
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/0646 Aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/0656 in form of filaments
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0338 Pressure regulators
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/033 Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2270/0168 by vehicles

Abstract

A tank for storing a pressurized gas including walls of a layered material 15 and continuous fibrous bundles of fibers (16) woven through the walls of layered material (15). The continuous fibrous bundles (16 and FIG. 8) have first ends (17) that extend over a first wall of material (15), pass through the first wall of material (15), extend through the interior of the tank (11 ), pass through another wall of the material (15) and have second ends (17) that extend over the other wall of the material (15). Other bundles of fibers (18, 20) can be woven between different walls of the tank (11) in a similar pattern to produce complex three dimensional shapes (FIGS. 3-8).

Claims

1. A fuel tank for a vehicle powered by a gas to be stored within the fuel tank at high pressure comprising:

a three dimensional tank composite wall structure made of a fibrous material, the tank wall structure having an interior, an exterior surface, and a plurality of pairs of walls;

a plurality of sets of continuous, fibrous bundles, each of the plurality of sets of continuous, fibrous bundles extending in a repetitive pattern

over the exterior surface of the wall structure,

through the fibrous material of one wall of one of the plurality of pairs of walls,

through the interior of the tank,

through the fibrous material of the other wall of the one of the plurality of pairs of walls, and

over the exterior surface of the wall structure; and

a matrix material joining the fibrous material walls and portions of the fibrous bundles extending over the exterior surfaces of the wall structure, the tank composite wall structure comprising the fibrous material and the portions of the fibrous bundles joined by the matrix material.

2. The fuel tank of claim 1 further comprising a protective layer covering the exterior surface of the wall structure and portions of the plurality of sets of fibrous bundles extending over the exterior surface.

3. A tank for storing a gas under pressure comprising:

a three dimensional tank composite wall structure made of

first and second walls of fibrous material and bounding an interior of the tank and an exterior surface of a respective wall;

a first set of continuous, fibrous bundles extending in a repeating pattern

over the exterior surface of the first wall,

through the fibrous material of the first wall,

through the interior of the tank,

through the fibrous material of the second wall, and

over the exterior surface of the second wall; and

a matrix material joining the fibrous material walls and portions of the fibrous bundles extending over the exterior surfaces of the walls, the tank composite wall structure comprising the fibrous material and the portions of the fibrous bundles joined by the matrix material.

4. The tank of claim 3 wherein said fibrous bundles include glass fibers.

5. The tank of claim 3 wherein said fibrous bundles include quartz fibers.

6. The tank of claim 3 wherein said fibrous bundles include graphite fibers.

7. The tank of claim 3 wherein said fibrous bundles include organic fibers.

8. The tank of claim 3 wherein said fibrous bundles include steel fibers.

9. The tank of either claims 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 wherein said bundles are joined together by a thermoset resinous matrix material.

10. The tank of either claims 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 wherein said bundles are joined together by a thermoplastic resinous matrix material.

11. The tank of claim 8 wherein the steel fibers are joined together by a lower melting point metal matrix.

12. The tank of claim 3 further comprising a protective layer covering the exterior surface of the wall structure and portions of the fibrous bundles extending over the exterior surface.

13. A tank as in claim 12 wherein said protective layer is a resinous coating.

14. A tank as in claim 12 wherein said protective layer is a protective film.

15. A tank as in claim 12 wherein said protective layer is a metal.

16. The tank of claim 3 wherein the wall structure further includes a liner material on an interior surface of the wall structure.

17. The tank of claim 3 further comprising:

a third wall of the tank wall structure made of fibrous material; and

a second set of continuous, fibrous bundles extending in a repetitive pattern

over the exterior surface of the wall structure on the third wall,

through the fibrous material of the third wall,

through the interior,

through the fibrous material of one of the first and second walls, and

over the exterior surface of the wall structure on the one of the first and second walls.

18. The tank of claim 3 further comprising:

third and fourth walls of the tank wall structure made of fibrous material; and

a second set of continuous, fibrous bundles extending in a repetitive pattern

over the exterior surface of the wall structure on the third wall,

through the fibrous material of the third wall,

through the interior of the tank,

through the fibrous material of the fourth wall, and

over the exterior surface of the wall structure on the fourth wall.

19. The tank of claim 18 further comprising:

fifth and sixth walls of the tank wall structure made of fibrous material; and

a third set of continuous, fibrous bundles extending in a repeating pattern of

over the exterior surface of the wall structure on the fifth wall,

through the fibrous material of the fifth wall,

through the interior of the tank,

through the fibrous material of the sixth wall, and

over the exterior surface of the wall structure on the sixth wall.

20. The tank of claim 19 wherein the second set of fibrous bundles extend through the interior of the fuel tank in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first set of fibrous bundles.

21. The tank of claim 20 wherein the third set of fibrous bundles extend through the interior of the fuel tank in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first and the second sets of fibrous bundles.

22. The tank of claim 20 wherein the third set of fibrous bundles extend through the interior of the fuel tank in a direction substantially non-perpendicular to the first set of fibrous bundles.

23. The tank of claim 20 wherein the third set of fibrous bundles extend through the interior of the fuel tank in a direction substantially non-perpendicular to the first and the second sets of fibrous bundles.

24. A fuel tank for a vehicle powered by natural gas to be stored within the fuel tank at high pressure comprising:

a three dimensional tank composite wall structure made of a fibrous material, the tank wall structure having an interior, an exterior surface, a first pair of opposed walls, a second pair of opposed walls generally perpendicular to the first pair of opposed walls, and a third pair of opposed walls generally perpendicular to the first and the second pairs of opposed walls;

a first set of continuous, fibrous bundles extending in a repetitive pattern

over the exterior surface of the wall structure,

through the fibrous material of one of the first pair of opposed walls,

through the interior of the tank,

through the fibrous material of the other of the first pair of opposed walls, and

over the exterior surface of the wall structure;

a second set of continuous, fibrous bundles extending in a repetitive pattern

over the exterior surface of the wall structure,

through the fibrous material of one of the second pair of opposed walls,

through the interior of the tank,

through the fibrous material of the other of the second pair of opposed walls, and

over the exterior surface of the wall structure;

a third set of continuous, fibrous bundles extending in a repetitive pattern

over the exterior surface of the wall structure,

through the fibrous material of one of the third pair of opposed walls,

through the interior of the tank,

through the fibrous material of the other of the third pair of opposed walls, and

over the exterior surface of the wall structure; and

a matrix material joining the fibrous material walls and portions of the fibrous bundles extending over the exterior surfaces of the wall structure, the tank composite wall structure comprising the fibrous material and the portions of the fibrous bundles joined by the matrix material.