Dual mode modulated backscatter system

• US 5,649,295 A
• Filed: 06/19/1995
• Issued: 07/15/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/19/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Wright, Gregory Alan, Vannucci, Giovanni, Shober, R. Anthony
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Chi H.
• Application Number:
  US08/492,173
• Time in Patent Office: 757 Days
• Field of Search: 455/38.2, 455/49.1, 455/54.1, 455/54.2, 455/73, 455/106, 455/19, 340/572, 340/573, 340/825.54, 342/44, 342/51, 342/50
• US Class Current: 340/10.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/756 using a signal generator for modifying the reflectivity of the reflector G01S13/758 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10039 interrogator driven, i.e. synchronous
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10356 using a plurality of antennas, e.g. configurations including means to resolve interference between the plurality of antennas

Abstract

A radio communication system includes an Interrogator for generating and transmitting a first modulated signal by modulating a first information signal onto a radio carrier signal, the first information signal indicating in which of multiple response modes a receiving Tag should respond. One or more Tags of the system receive the first modulated signal and decode it to obtain the first information signal. A Backscatter Modulator modulates the reflection of the first modulated signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined by said first information signal, thereby forming a second modulated signal. The Interrogator receives and demodulates the second modulated signal to obtain the indicated second information signal.

Claims

1. A radio communication system comprising

an interrogator including

means for generating a first modulated signal by modulating a first information signal onto a radio carrier signal, said first information signal indicating to which of multiple response modes a receiving tag should respond,

means for transmitting said first modulated signal to said at least one tag,

said at least one tag including

means for receiving said first modulated signal,

means for decoding said first modulated signal to obtain said first information signal,

backscatter modulator means for modulating a reflection of said first modulated signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined from the contents of said first information signal, thereby forming a reflected second modulated signal,

said interrogator further including

means for receiving said second modulated signal, and

means for demodulating said second modulated signal, to obtain said second information signal, whose content, data rate, or modulation was determined from the contents of said first information signal.

2. The radio communication system of claim 1 wherein said first modulated signal is generated using a first modulation type selected from a group including at least amplitude, phase, frequency, time-division, and code-division modulation types.

3. The radio communication system of claim 1 wherein the interrogator demodulating means includes a homodyne detector and uses said first modulated signal as the frequency source input to said detector.

4. The radio communication system of claim 1 wherein said first information signal indicates which of a first mode, including a data message in said second information signal, and a second mode, including an acknowledgment message in said second information signal, that said at least one tag should respond.

5. The radio communication system of claim 4 wherein said second information signal consists of a single bit of information.

6. The radio communication system of claim 5 wherein said single bit of information is communicated by the presence or absence of a single subcarrier tone backscatter modulating said first modulated signal.

7. The radio communication system of claim 1 when said at least one tag responds in said first mode, wherein

the bits of information contained within said second information signal are differentially encoded, and wherein

said demodulating means demodulates the differentially encoded bits to recover the data within said second information signal.

8. The radio communication system of claim 1 when said at least one tag responds in said second mode, wherein

the bits of information contained within said second information signal are differentially encoded, and wherein

said demodulating means demodulates the differentially encoded bits to recover the data within said second information signal.

9. The radio communication system of claims 7 or 8, wherein said interrogator includes

means for providing a retriggerable monostable multivibrator function to detect the acknowledgment message.

10. The radio communication system of claim 1 wherein

said interrogator includes

processor means for performing a Fourier Transform to obtain said second information signal.

11. A tag for use in a radio communication system comprising

means for receiving said first modulated signal,

means for decoding said first modulated signal to obtain said first information signal, said first information signal indicating in which of multiple response modes a receiving tag should respond,

backscatter modulator means for modulating the reflection of said first modulated signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined by said first information signal, thereby forming a reflected second modulated signal.

12. A radio communication system comprising

an interrogator including

means for generating a first modulated signal by modulating a first information signal onto a radio carrier signal, said first information signal indicating which of multiple response modes a receiving tag should respond,

means for transmitting to said at least one tag during a first time interval said first modulated signal, and transmitting said radio carrier signal during a second time interval,

said at least one tag including

means for receiving said radio carrier signal and said first modulated signal,

means for decoding said first modulated signal to obtain said first information signal,

backscatter modulator means for modulating the reflection, during said second time interval, of said radio carrier signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined from the contents of said first information signal, thereby forming a reflected second modulated signal,

said interrogator further including

means for receiving said second modulated signal, and

means for demodulating said second modulated signal, to obtain said second information signal, whose content, data rate, or modulation was determined from the contents of said first information signal.

13. The radio communication system of claim 12 wherein said first information signal indicates which of a first mode, including a data message in said second information signal, and a second mode, including an acknowledgment message in said second information signal, that said at least one tag should respond.

14. The radio communication system of claim 13 wherein said second information signal consists of a single bit of information.

15. The radio communication system of claim 14 wherein said single bit of information is communicated by the presence or absence of a single subcarrier tone backscatter modulating said radio carrier signal.

16. The radio communication system of claim 12 when said at least one tag responds in said first mode, wherein

the bits of information contained within said second information signal are differentially encoded, and wherein

said demodulating means demodulates the differentially encoded bits to recover the data within said second information signal.

17. The radio communication system of claim 12 when said at least one tag responds in said second mode, wherein

the bits of information contained within said second information signal are differentially encoded, and wherein

said demodulating means demodulates the differentially encoded bits to recover the data within said second information signal.

18. The radio communication system of claims 16 or 17, wherein said interrogator includes

means for providing a retriggerable monostable multivibrator function to detect the acknowledgment message.

19. The radio communication system of claim 12 wherein

said interrogator includes

processor means for performing a Fourier Transform to obtain said second information signal.

20. The radio communication system of claim 12 wherein said first modulated signal is generated using a first modulation type selected from a group including at least amplitude, phase, frequency, time-division, and code-division modulation types.

21. The radio communication system of claim 12 wherein the interrogator demodulating means includes a homodyne detector and uses said radio carrier signal as the frequency source input to said detector.

22. A method of operating a radio communication system comprising the steps of

at an interrogator

generating a first modulated signal by modulating a first information signal onto a radio carrier signal, said first information signal indicating which of multiple response modes a receiving tag should respond,

transmitting said first modulated signal to said at least one tag;

at said at least one tag

receiving said first modulated signal,

decoding said first modulated signal to obtain said first information signal,

modulating, using a backscatter modulator, a reflection of said first modulated signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined from the contents of said first information signal, thereby forming a reflected second modulated signal;

at said interrogator

receiving said second modulated signal, and

demodulating said second modulated signal, to obtain said second information signal, whose content, data rate, or modulation was determined from the contents of said first information signal.

23. A method of operating a tag for use in a radio communication system comprising the steps of

receiving a first modulated signal,

decoding said first modulated signal to obtain said first information signal, said first information signal indicating in which of multiple response modes a receiving tag should respond,

modulating, using a backscatter modulator, a reflection of said first modulated signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined by said first information signal, thereby forming a reflected second modulated signal.

24. A method of operating a radio communication system comprising the steps of

at an interrogator

generating a first modulated signal by modulating a first information signal onto a radio carrier signal, said first information signal indicating which of multiple response modes a receiving tag should respond,

transmitting to said at least one tag during a first time interval said first modulated signal, and transmitting said radio carrier signal during a second time interval;

at said at least one tag

receiving said radio carrier signal and said first modulated signal,

decoding said first modulated signal to obtain said first information signal,

modulating, using a backscatter modulator, a reflection, during said second time interval, of said radio carrier signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined from the contents of said first information signal, thereby forming a reflected second modulated signal;

at said interrogator

receiving said second modulated signal, and

demodulating said second modulated signal, to obtain said second information signal, whose content, data rate, or modulation was determined from the contents of said first information signal.

25. A tag for use in a radio communication system comprising

means for receiving a radio carrier signal and a first modulated signal,

means for decoding said first modulated signal to obtain said first information signal, said first information signal indicating in which of multiple response modes a receiving tag should respond,

backscatter modulator means for modulating the reflection of said radio carrier signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined by said first information signal, thereby forming a reflected second modulated signal.

26. A method of operating a tag for use in a radio communication system comprising the steps of

receiving a radio carrier signal and a first modulated signal,

decoding said first modulated signal to obtain said first information signal, said first information signal indicating in which of multiple response modes a receiving tag should respond,

modulating, using a backscatter modulator, a reflection of said radio carrier signal using a second information signal whose content, data rate, or modulation is determined by said first information signal, thereby forming a reflected second modulated signal.