Method of and arrangement for diagnosing heart disease
First Claim
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1. A method of diagnosing a cardiac condition of a patient, comprising the steps of:
- (a) acquiring electrocardiographic signals from the patient;
(b) mathematically determining a plurality of functions descriptive of the patient from the electrocardiographic signals;
(c) establishing a set of indices for each function, each index having two states, each indicative of the cardiac condition of the patient;
(d) recognizing the state of each index for each function;
(e) generating an integrated pattern of the states of the indices from a plurality of the functions;
(f) storing a collection of index patterns, each containing a multitude of patterns of the states of indices for a multitude of patients whose cardiac condition is known; and
(g) matching the generated integrated pattern against the stored collection of index patterns to determine the cardiac condition of the patient being diagnosed.
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Abstract
Heart disease is non-invasively, accurately diagnosed at an early stage. A plurality of functions descriptive of the patient are mathematically determined. A set of indices for each function is established in advance. Each index has two states indicative of the patient'"'"'s condition. An integrated pattern of the states of the indices from a plurality of the functions is generated and matched against a stored collection of index patterns whose diagnosis is known.
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Citations
18 Claims
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1. A method of diagnosing a cardiac condition of a patient, comprising the steps of:
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(a) acquiring electrocardiographic signals from the patient; (b) mathematically determining a plurality of functions descriptive of the patient from the electrocardiographic signals; (c) establishing a set of indices for each function, each index having two states, each indicative of the cardiac condition of the patient; (d) recognizing the state of each index for each function; (e) generating an integrated pattern of the states of the indices from a plurality of the functions; (f) storing a collection of index patterns, each containing a multitude of patterns of the states of indices for a multitude of patients whose cardiac condition is known; and (g) matching the generated integrated pattern against the stored collection of index patterns to determine the cardiac condition of the patient being diagnosed. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method of diagnosing a cardiac condition of a patient, comprising the steps of:
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(a) acquiring electrical analog electrocardiographic signals from the patient; (b) mathematically determining a plurality of functions descriptive of the patient from the analog signals, including power spectrum, phase angle, impulse response, amplitude histogram, cross correlation and coherence; (c) establishing a set of indices for each function, each index having two states, each indicative of the cardiac condition of the patient; (d) recognizing the state of each index for each function; (e) generating an integrated pattern of the states of the indices from a plurality of the functions; (f) storing a collection of index patterns, each containing a multitude of patterns of the states of indices for a multitude of patients whose condition is known; (g) matching the generated integrated pattern against the stored collection of index patterns to determine the cardiac condition of the patient; (h) said establishing step including; (I) Power Spectrum (1) 1/2--Is the amplitude ratio of the first peak/second peak above a limit? (2) O--Is shape of any of first four peaks rounded similar to omega (Ω
)?(3) U1--Do any of first four peaks have a twinned peak? (4) U2--Are the intervals between any of first four peaks unequal? (5) U3--Is the inequality of the intervals between any of the first four peaks above a limit? (6) U3xy--Same as U3 but are any two peaks simultaneously positive? (7) U4--Is the shape of any peak similar to a hill ()? (8) U5--Is the shape of any peak similar to a mountain ()? (9) N1--Is the first peak null? (10) N3--Is the third and/or fourth peak null? (11) S--Is the heart rate below 60 beats per minute? (12) SS--Is the heart rate below 50 beats per minute? (13) F--Is the heart rate over 100 beats per minute? (14) FF--Is the heart rate above 120 beats per minute? (15) A1--Is the amplitude of the first peak above a limit? (16) A2--Is the amplitude of any two of the first four peaks above a limit? (17) A3--Is the amplitude of the second peak above a limit? (18) A4--Is the amplitude of the third and/or fourth peak above a limit? (19) A5--Is any one of the 5th-12th peaks higher than the first peak? (20) A55--Are any two of the 5th-12th peaks higher than the first peak? (21) A6--Are more than two of the 5th-12th peaks higher than the first peak? (22) Nn--Are the first and second peaks higher than the third and fourth peaks? (23) nN--Are the third and fourth peaks higher than the first and second peaks? (24) Nnn--Is the first peak higher than the second, third and fourth peaks? (25) nnN--Is the first peak lower than the second, third and fourth peaks? (II) Phase Angle (26) P+--Does the phase angle lag above a limit at various frequency bands? (27) P--Does the phase angle lead above a limit at Various frequency bands? (28) WW--Is the shape of the waveform similar to the letter "W" at various frequency bands? (29) PW+--Do indices 26 and 28 co-exist at various frequency bands? (30) PW--Do indices 27 and 28 co-exist at various frequency bands? (31) L--Is the phase angle too small plus is the impulse response too even? (32) U--Does the waveform have the shape of the letter "U" at various frequency bands? (33) W--Are there two or more U-shaped waves? (34) V--Does the waveform have a long upward slope? (35) Y--Is the slope of the waveform positive or negative? (36) X--Do indices 32 and 35 or 32 and 33 co-exist? (37) Z--Does the waveform have waves shaped like the letter "Z"? (III) Impulse response (38) D1--Does the waveform have a double top plane wave resembling or ? (39) D2--Does the waveform have a stair steps wave resembling ? (40) f--Is the main response impulse negative? (41) M1--Does the main response impulse have a twin peak? (42) M2--Does the shape of the main response impulse resemble the letter "M"? (43) M3--Does the main response impulse have more than three peaks? (44) M4--Does the main response impulse have a peak that is too wide? (45) M5--Does the side response have a peak whose amplitude is above a limit? (46) M6--Is the main response impulse totally downward? (IV) Coherence (47) Q1--Is the coherence of the first peak of the power spectrum below a limit? (48) Q2--Is the coherence of the highest peak of the transfer function below a limit? (V) Amplitude Histogram (49) V+--Is the amplitude of lead V5 above a limit? (50) 2+--Is the amplitude of lead II above a limit? (51) V---Is the amplitude of lead V5 below a limit? (52) 2---Is the amplitude of lead II below a limit? (53) Vn+--Is the number of bundles of the column in the amplitude histogram of lead V5 above a limit? (54) Vn---Is the number of bundles of the column in the amplitude histogram of lead V5 below a limit? (55) 2n+--Is the number of bundles of the column in the amplitude histogram of lead II above a limit? (56) 2n---Is the number of bundles of the column in the amplitude histogram of lead II below a limit? (VI) Cross Correlation (57) RRR--Is the amplitude of the main peak above a limit? (58) rrr--Is the amplitude of the main peak below a limit? (59) R--Is the main peak within a higher zone? (60) r--Is the main peak within a lower zone? (61) RR--Is the interval between R1 and R2 above a limit? (62) rr--Is the interval between R1 and R2 too short? (63) rR--Is the peak R1 lower than the peak R2? (64) R2--Is the peak R2 below a limit? (65) R+--Does the peak R1 shift to the right side? (66) R---Does the peak R2 shift to the left side? (67) Rw+--Is the bottom of the first positive peak below the bottom of the first negative peak, and so on for successive peaks? (68) Rw---Is the bottom of the first positive peak above the bottom of the first negative peak, and so on for successive peaks? (69) pt--Is the number of peaks whose amplitude is above a threshold between peaks R1 and R2 above a limit? (70) PT--Is there one or more peaks between peaks R1 and R2 higher than peak R2 above a limit? (71) Rn--Does R2 have a twin peak or a zigzag shape? (72) Rm--Is the peak R1 too wide? (73) Rv--Is one bend of R1 too steep in slope?
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18. An arrangement for diagnosing a cardiac condition of a patient, comprising:
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(a) means for acquiring electrocardiographic signals from the patient; (b) means for mathematically determining a plurality of functions descriptive of the patient from the electrocardiographic signals; (c) means for establishing a set of indices for each function, each index having two states, each indicative of the cardiac condition of the patient; (d) means for recognizing the state of each index for each function; (e) means for generating an integrated pattern of the states of the indices from a plurality of the functions; (f) means for storing a collection of index patterns, each containing a multitude of patterns of the states of indices for a multitude of patients whose cardiac condition is known; and (g) means for matching the generated integrated pattern against the stored collection of index patterns to determine the cardiac condition of the patient being diagnosed.
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Specification