Low shear toner aggregation processes
First Claim
1. An in situ chemical process for the preparation of toner comprised of(i) the provision of a latex, which latex is comprised of polymeric resin particles, an ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;
- (ii) providing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, a dispersing liquid, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;
(iii) mixing said pigment dispersion with said latex with a stirrer equipped with an impeller, stirring at speeds of from about 100 to about 900 rpm for a period of from about 10 minutes to about 150 minutes;
(iv) heating the above resulting blend of latex and pigment dispersion to a temperature below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;
(v) adding further aqueous ionic surfactant or stabilizer in the range amount of from about 0.1 percent to 5 percent by weight of reactants to stabilize the above electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;
(vi) heating said electrostatically bound toner sized aggregates above about the Tg of the resin to form toner size particles containing pigment, resin and optionally a charge control agent;
(vii) optionally isolating said toner, optionally washing with water; and
optionally(viii) drying said toner.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An in situ chemical process for the preparation of toner comprised of
(i) the provision of a latex, which latex is comprised of polymeric resin particles, an ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;
(ii) providing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment solution, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;
(iii) mixing said pigment dispersion with said latex with a stirrer equipped with an impeller, stirring at speeds of from about 100 to about 900 rpm for a period of from about 10 minutes to about 150 minutes;
(iv) heating the above resulting blend of latex and pigment mixture to a temperature below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;
(v) adding further aqueous ionic surfactant or stabilizer in the range amount of from about 0.1 percent to 5 percent by weight of reactants to stabilize the above electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;
(vi) heating said electrostatically bound toner sized aggregates above about the Tg of the resin to form toner size particles containing pigment, resin and optionally a charge control agent;
(vii) optionally isolating said toner, optionally washing with water; and optionally
(viii) drying said toner.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. An in situ chemical process for the preparation of toner comprised of
(i) the provision of a latex, which latex is comprised of polymeric resin particles, an ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant; -
(ii) providing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, a dispersing liquid, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent; (iii) mixing said pigment dispersion with said latex with a stirrer equipped with an impeller, stirring at speeds of from about 100 to about 900 rpm for a period of from about 10 minutes to about 150 minutes; (iv) heating the above resulting blend of latex and pigment dispersion to a temperature below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; (v) adding further aqueous ionic surfactant or stabilizer in the range amount of from about 0.1 percent to 5 percent by weight of reactants to stabilize the above electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; (vi) heating said electrostatically bound toner sized aggregates above about the Tg of the resin to form toner size particles containing pigment, resin and optionally a charge control agent; (vii) optionally isolating said toner, optionally washing with water; and
optionally(viii) drying said toner. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22)
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18. A process for the preparation of pigmented toner size particles comprised of mixing a pigment dispersion with a latex, which mixing is accomplished with stirring at speeds of from about 100 to about 900 revolutions per minute and wherein the pigment dispersion is comprised of a pigment, a dispersing liquid containing a pigment dispersion component, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of the ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;
- and wherein the latex is comprised of submicron polymeric resin particles, an ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;
heating the above formed blend of latex and pigment dispersion to a temperature below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form toner aggregates;
adding further ionic surfactant or stabilizer in the range amount of from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of latex and resin components to stabilize said aggregates; and
thereafter, heating the toner aggregates above about the resin Tg. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21)
- and wherein the latex is comprised of submicron polymeric resin particles, an ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;
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23. A process for the preparation of toner, which process comprises the mixing of a pigment dispersion with a latex and which mixing is accomplished at low stirring speeds of from about 100 to about 900 revolutions per minute, and wherein the pigment dispersion is comprised of a pigment, a dispersing liquid containing a pigment dispersion component, and a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of the ionic surfactant;
- and wherein the latex is comprised of polymeric resin particles, an ionic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant;
a first heating of the above formed blend of latex and pigment dispersion to a temperature below about, or at the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin, to form aggregates;
optionally adding further ionic surfactant or stabilizer;
thereafter a second heating of the toner aggregates above about, or at the resin Tg;
isolating and drying said toner. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25)
- and wherein the latex is comprised of polymeric resin particles, an ionic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant;
Specification