User interface technique for producing a second image in the spatial context of a first image using a model-based operation

• US 5,652,851 A
• Filed: 07/21/1993
• Issued: 07/29/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 07/21/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: DeRose, Anthony, Stone, Maureen C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bayerl, Raymond J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): dela Torre, Crescelle N.
• Application Number:
  US08/096,521
• Time in Patent Office: 1,469 Days
• Field of Search: 395/155, 395/161, 395/157, 395/133, 395/134, 395/135, 345/113, 345/118, 345/119
• US Class Current: 715/804
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/00 2D [Two Dimensional] image generation

Abstract

A technique for producing a second image for display in the context of an original image uses a model data structure, in contrast to an image-based data structure, and a model-based operation, called a viewing operation, in contrast to an image-based operation, to produce the second image. The second image is displayed in the spatial context of the original image, as that context is defined by a viewing operation region, or VOR, at the same time as the original image is being displayed, giving the perception to a machine user of providing information related to the original image in the spatial context of the original image. The VOR functions as a type of "visual filter", binding the second view of the original image to the display area defined by the VOR. In one illustrated embodiment, the method operates within the environment of a rendering application executing in a graphical user interface environment. A machine user moves the VOR over a portion of a rendered image, and in response to the user'"'"'s movement action, a viewing operation associated with the VOR invokes the renderer that produced the original rendered image to produce a second modified view of the original image using a new value for a global parameter in the scene description. The second image is then clipped to the size and shape of the VOR, and is then presented in the VOR, showing the second modified view.

Claims

1. A method of operating a machine;

the machine including;

a signal source for producing signals indicating image display requests;

output circuitry connected to an output utilization device;

the output utilization device producing human perceptible output;

the output utilization device including a display having a display area for presenting images in response to receiving image definition data from the output circuitry;

the display area having a first image displayed in a present image position therein;

a processor connected for receiving the signals from the signal source, and connected for providing data defining human perceptible output to the output circuitry; and

memory for storing data;

the data stored in the memory including;

a first image model data structure;

the first image being produced using the first image model data structure; and

instruction data indicating instructions the processor executes;

the instruction data including a model-based output operation for use in operating on the first image model data structure;

the processor further being connected for accessing the data stored in the memory;

the method comprising;

operating the processor to receive request signal data from the signal source;

the request signal data indicating a display request to present an output producing region in a present viewing position in the display area coextensive with the present image position of a first image segment of the first image;

the output producing region having the model-based output operation associated therewith; and

operating the processor to respond to the request signal data indicating the display request by

determining an input portion of the first image model data structure using the present viewing position of the output producing region;

producing output signal data defining human perceptible output using the model-based output operation and using the input portion of the first image model data structure; and

providing the output signal data defining the human perceptible output to the output circuitry connected to the output utilization device so that the output utilization device presents the human perceptible output in response to the display of the output producing region substantially at the same time as the first image is being displayed in the display area;

whereby presentation of the human perceptible output produced using the first image model data structure in response to the display request gives the perception to a machine user of providing information related to the first image segment.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the output producing region is a viewing operation region, and wherein

the act of operating the processor to produce the output signal data includes producing image definition data defining a second image for display in the viewing operation region;

the second image having size and shape dimensions substantially identical to size and shape dimensions of the viewing operation region; and

the act of operating the processor to provide the output signal data to the output circuitry connected to the output utilization device includes providing the image definition data defining the second image to the output circuitry connected to the display so that the display presents the second image in the viewing operation region;

the second image being presented in the viewing operation region substantially at the same time as the first image is being displayed in the display area;

whereby the second image in the viewing operation region in the present viewing position in the display area coextensive with the present image position of the first image segment replaces the first image segment in the display area.

3. The method according to claim 2 wherein the first image segment includes a first display feature;

wherein the first image model data structure includes a display feature attribute data item having a present attribute value indicating the first display feature; and

wherein

the act of operating the processor to produce the image definition data defining the second image further includes

obtaining a new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item;

the new attribute value indicating a modified first display feature; and

using the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item to produce the image definition data defining the second image;

the second image thereby including the modified first display feature;

whereby the first image segment including the first display feature is replaced by the second image including the modified first display feature displayed in the viewing operation region.

4. The method according to claim 3 wherein the act of obtaining the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item produces a predetermined attribute value.

5. The method according to claim 3 wherein the act of obtaining the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item includes computing the new attribute value from an attribute change function using an operating parameter data item, the attribute change function relating the operating parameter data item to the new attribute value.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein

the signal source includes input circuitry connected to a user input device;

the input circuitry receiving signals from the user input device indicating actions of a machine user; and

the act of operating the processor to receive the request signal data includes receiving the request signal data from the input circuitry indicating the display request by the machine user;

the request signal data including the operating parameter data item;

whereby the machine user provides the operating parameter data item for obtaining the new attribute value indicating the modified first display feature to be included in the second image.

7. The method according to claim 3 wherein the first display feature has first and second display feature positions in the display area;

and wherein

the act of operating the processor to produce the image definition data defining the second image further includes, when one of the first and second display feature positions is coextensive with image display positions in the display area inside the viewing operation region and the other of the first and second display feature positions is coextensive with image display positions in the display area outside the viewing operation region, producing the image definition data defining the second image so that the second image includes the modified first display feature only for the display feature positions of the modified first display feature coextensive with image display positions in the display area inside the viewing operation region;

whereby the first display feature appears unmodified for the display feature positions of the first display feature coextensive with image display positions in the display area outside the viewing operation region.

8. The method of claim 3 wherein

the signal source includes input circuitry connected to a user input device;

the input circuitry receiving signals from the user input device indicating actions of a machine user; and

the act of operating the processor to receive the request signal data indicating the display request from the signal source includes receiving the request signal data from the input circuitry indicating the display request by the machine user.

9. The method according to claim 3 wherein

the data stored in the memory further includes instruction data defining an application operation;

the application operation being capable of producing the first image including the first display feature from the first image model data structure; and

the act of producing the image definition data defining the second image including the modified first display feature includes operating the processor to perform the application operation using the first image model data structure and the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item.

10. The method according to claim 3 wherein

the act of operating the processor to produce the image definition data defining the second image further includes:

operating the processor to access the display feature attribute data item in the first image model data structure, and to obtain the present attribute value thereof; and

operating the processor to select the display feature attribute data item as a selected display feature attribute data item when the present attribute value matches display attribute selection criteria information indicated by a criteria selection data item; and

the act of using the new attribute value to produce the image definition data defining the second image includes using the new attribute value for the selected display feature attribute data item;

whereby the first image segment including the first display feature is replaced by the second image including the modified first display feature displayed in the viewing operation region only when the display feature attribute data item is selected according to the display attribute selection criteria information.

11. The method according to claim 10 wherein the act of producing the image definition data defining the second image further includes, when the present attribute value of the display feature attribute data item does not match the display attribute selection criteria information, using the present attribute value of the display feature attribute data item without modification;

the second image including the first display feature having no modification thereto.

12. A method of operating a machine;

the machine including;

input circuitry connected to a user input device;

the input circuitry receiving signals indicating requests of a machine user;

output circuitry connected to a display having a display area for presenting images;

the display area having a first image displayed in a present image position therein;

a processor connected for receiving the signals from the input circuitry, and connected for providing image definition data defining images to the output circuitry; and

memory for storing data;

the data stored in the memory including;

instruction data indicating instructions the processor executes; and

a first image model data structure;

the first image being produced from the first image model data structure;

the processor further being connected for accessing the data stored in the memory;

the method comprising;

operating the processor to receive request signal data from the input circuitry indicating a display request by the machine user to display a viewing operation region in a present viewing position in the display area coextensive with the present image position of a first image segment of the first image;

the viewing operation region having a model-based viewing operation associated therewith for mapping the first image model data structure to image definition data defining a second image for display in the viewing operation region; and

operating the processor to respond to the request signal data indicating the display request by

producing image definition data defining the second image according to the model-based viewing operation using the first image model data structure;

the second image having size and shape dimensions substantially identical to size and shape dimensions of the viewing operation region; and

providing the image definition data defining the second image to the output circuitry connected to the display so that the display presents the second image in the viewing operation region in response to the image definition data;

the second image being displayed substantially at the same time as the first image is being displayed in the display area;

whereby replacing the first image segment in the display area with the presentation of the second image in the viewing operation region in response to the display request by the machine user gives the perception to the machine user of producing a view of the first image according to the model-based viewing operation associated with the viewing operation region.

13. The method according to claim 12 wherein the first image segment includes a first display feature representing a display feature attribute data item included in the first image model data structure;

the display feature attribute data item having a present attribute value indicating the first display feature; and

wherein

the act of producing the image definition data defining the second image includes

operating on an attribute change data item to obtain a new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item;

the new attribute value indicating a modified first display feature; and

using the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item to produce the image definition data defining the second image;

the second image thereby including the modified first display feature;

whereby the second image including the modified first display feature displayed in the viewing operation region replaces the first image segment including the first display feature in the display area.

14. The method according to claim 13 wherein the first image segment further includes a plurality of first image segment display features;

the plurality of first image segment display features and the first display feature constituting the first image segment;

each first image segment display feature representing one of a plurality of first image data items in the first image model data structure; and

wherein

the act of operating the processor to produce the image definition data defining the second image further includes using the plurality of first image data items in the first image model data structure represented by the plurality of first image segment display features in the first image segment;

the second image thereby including the modified first display feature and the plurality of first image segment display features;

whereby presentation of the second image including the modified first display feature and the plurality of first image segment display features in the viewing operation region gives the appearance to the machine user of presenting the modified first display feature in the spatial context of the first image.

15. The method according to claim 13 wherein

the act of operating the processor to produce the image definition data defining the second image further includes:

operating the processor to access the display feature attribute data item in the first image model data structure, and to obtain the present attribute value thereof; and

selecting the display feature attribute data item as a selected display feature attribute data item when the present attribute value of the display feature attribute data item matches display attribute selection criteria information indicated by a criteria selection data item; and

the act of using the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item to produce the image definition data defining the second image includes

using the new attribute value for the selected display feature attribute data item when the present attribute value of the display feature attribute data item matches the display attribute selection criteria information; and

using the present attribute value without modification for the display feature attribute data item when the present attribute value of the display feature attribute data item does not match the display attribute selection criteria information;

the second image thereby including the first display feature having no modification thereto;

whereby the modified first display feature in the second image displayed in the viewing operation region replaces the first display feature included in the first image segment only when the display feature attribute data item is selected according to the display attribute selection criteria information.

16. The method according to claim 13 wherein the request signal data from the input circuitry indicating the display request by the machine user includes a movement signal indicating a movement action by the machine user moving the viewing operation region from a first position in the display area to the present viewing position coextensive with the first image segment including the first display feature in the display area.

17. The method according to claim 16 wherein

the first image has the appearance of being displayed in a first image plane in the display area;

the viewing operation region has the appearance of being displayed in a second image plane in the display area, in front of the first image plane; and

the movement action by the machine user moves the viewing operation region displayed in the second image plane in front of the first image segment of the first image displayed in the first image plane.

18. The method according to claim 16 further including,

before operating the processor to receive the movement signal from the input circuitry indicating moving the viewing operation region to the present viewing position, operating the processor to determine if the viewing operation region is currently displayed in a first viewing position coextensive with a prior image position of a prior selected first image segment in the display area;

the prior selected first image segment including a prior first display feature; and

wherein

the act of producing the image definition data defining the second image further includes producing image definition data defining the prior selected first image segment including the prior first display feature of the first image; and

the act of operating the processor to provide the image definition data defining the second image to the output circuitry includes providing the image definition data defining the prior selected first image segment to the output circuitry connected to the display so that the display presents the prior selected first image segment including the prior first display feature in the prior image position of the display area substantially at the same time as the second image is displayed in the viewing operation region;

thereby giving the appearance to the machine user of continuously presenting the first image including the prior selected first image segment with the prior first display feature in the display area while presenting the second image including the modified first display feature in the viewing operation region.

19. The method according to claim 12 wherein

the display area has a plurality of first images displayed therein;

the data stored in the memory further includes a plurality of first image model data structures;

each of the first images being produced from a respective one of the first image model data structures;

the data stored in the memory further including image identification data indicating the respective one of the first image model data structures producing each first image; and

the act of operating the processor to produce the image definition data defining the second image includes operating the processor to access the image identification data to identify the first image model data structure which produced the first image segment positioned coextensively with the viewing operation region.

20. A method of operating a machine;

the machine including;

a user input device for receiving signals indicating actions of a machine user;

a display having a display area for presenting images;

the display area having a first image displayed in a present image position therein;

the first image including a first display feature;

a processor connected for receiving the signals from the user input device, and connected for providing image definition data defining images to the display; and

memory for storing data;

the data stored in the memory including;

instruction data indicating instructions the processor executes; and

a first image model data structure;

the first image being produced from the first image model data structure;

the first image model data structure including a display feature attribute data item represented by the first display feature included in the first image;

the display feature attribute data item having a present attribute value indicating the first display feature when displayed in the display area;

the processor further being connected for accessing the data stored in the memory;

the method comprising;

operating the processor to provide image definition data defining a viewing operation region image to the display;

the display presenting the viewing operation region image in response to the image definition data;

the viewing operation region image showing a viewing operation region displayed in a first position in the display area;

the viewing operation region having a model-based viewing operation associated therewith for mapping the present attribute value of the display feature attribute data item to a new attribute value;

operating the processor to receive user signal data from the user input device;

the user signal data indicating a movement action by the machine user moving the viewing operation region from the first position in the display area to a present viewing position coextensive with the present image position of a first image segment of the first image;

the first image segment including the first display feature; and

operating the processor to respond to the user signal data indicating movement of the viewing operation region by providing image definition data defining a second image to the display so that the display presents the viewing operation region in the present viewing position and presents the second image in the viewing operation region in response to the image definition data;

the second image having size and shape dimensions substantially identical to size and shape dimensions of the viewing operation region;

the second image showing a modified first display feature representing the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item included in the first model data structure;

whereby presentation in the viewing operation region of the modified first display feature included in the second image replaces presentation of the first display feature included in the first image segment.

21. The method according to claim 20 wherein

the act of operating the processor to respond to the user signal data by providing image definition data defining a second image to the display further includes:

operating the processor to access the display feature attribute data item in the first image model data structure, and to obtain the present attribute value thereof; and

operating the processor to select the display feature attribute data item as a selected display feature attribute data item when the present attribute value of the display feature attribute data item matches display attribute selection criteria information indicated by a criteria selection data item; and

operating the processor to produce the image definition data defining the second image using the new attribute value for the selected display feature attribute data item;

the second image including the modified first display feature;

whereby presentation of the second image including the modified first display feature in the viewing operation region, in response to movement of the viewing operation region, gives the appearance to the machine user of replacing the first image segment with the second image including the modified first display feature only when the display feature attribute data item is selected according to the display attribute selection criteria information.

22. A method of operating a machine;

the machine including;

input circuitry connected to a user input device;

the input circuitry receiving signals indicating requests of a machine user;

output circuitry connected to a display having a display area for presenting images;

the display area having a rendered image displayed in a present image position therein;

a processor connected for receiving the signals from the input circuitry, and connected for providing image definition data defining images to the output circuitry; and

memory for storing data;

the data stored in the memory including;

a scene description model data structure used for producing the rendered image;

the scene description model data structure including a display feature attribute data item having a present attribute value for controlling the appearance of a plurality of image display features in the first image; and

instruction data indicating instructions the processor executes;

the instruction data including rendering operation instruction data defining a graphical image rendering operation capable of producing the rendered image from the scene description model data structure;

the processor further being connected for accessing the data stored in the memory;

the method comprising;

operating the processor to receive request signal data from the input circuitry indicating a display request by the machine user to display a viewing operation region in a present viewing position in the display area coextensive with the present image position of a first image segment of the rendered image; and

operating the processor to respond to the request signal data indicating the display request by

obtaining a new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item;

the new attribute value indicating a plurality of modified image display features;

obtaining second image size-and-position data from the present viewing position of the viewing operation region in the display area indicating size and position information about a second rendered image;

executing the rendering operation instruction data defining the graphical image rendering operation to produce image definition data defining the second rendered image using the scene description model data structure, the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item, and the second image size-and-position data;

the second rendered image including the plurality of modified image display features modified according to the new attribute value;

the second rendered image having size and shape dimensions substantially identical to size and shape dimensions of the viewing operation region; and

providing the image definition data defining the second rendered image to the output circuitry connected to the display so that the display presents the second rendered image in the viewing operation region;

the second rendered image being displayed substantially at the same time as the rendered image is being displayed in the display area;

whereby, in response to the display request by the machine user, the second rendered image displayed in the viewing operation region appears to replace the first image segment in the display area in the spatial context of the rendered image, giving the appearance to the machine user of replacing the plurality of image display features in the first image segment with the plurality of modified image display features.

23. A machine comprising:

a signal source for producing signals indicating output operation requests;

output circuitry connected to an output utilization device;

the output utilization device presenting human perceptible output;

the output utilization device including a display having a display area for presenting images;

the display area having a first image displayed in a present image position therein;

a processor connected for receiving the signals from the signal source, and connected for providing data defining human perceptible output to the output circuitry for presentation by the output utilization device; and

memory for storing data;

the data stored in the memory including;

a first image model data structure;

the first image being produced using the first image model data structure; and

instruction data indicating instructions the processor can execute;

the instructions including a model-based output operation for use in operating on the first image model data structure;

the processor being further connected for accessing the data stored in the memory;

the processor, in executing the output operation instructions, receiving request signal data from the signal source;

the request signal data indicating a display request to present an output producing region displayed in a present viewing position in the display area coextensive with the present image position of a first image segment of the first image;

the output producing region having the model-based output operation associated therewith;

the processor further, in responding to the request signal data indicating the display request,

determining an input portion of the first image model data structure using the present viewing position of the viewing operation region;

producing output signal data defining human perceptible output using the model-based output operation and the input portion of the first image model data structure; and

providing the output signal data defining the human perceptible output to the output circuitry connected to the output utilization device so that the output utilization device presents the human perceptible output in response to the output signal data;

the output utilization device presenting the human perceptible output in response to the display of the output producing region at the same time as the first image is being displayed in the display area;

whereby presentation of the human perceptible output produced using the first image model data structure in response to the display request gives the perception to a machine user of providing information related to the first image segment.

24. A machine comprising:

input circuitry connected to a user input device;

the input circuitry receiving signals indicating requests of a machine user;

output circuitry connected to a display having a display area for presenting images;

the display area having a first image displayed in a present image position therein;

a processor connected for receiving the signals from the input circuitry, and connected for providing image definition data defining images to the output circuitry for presentation by the display; and

memory for storing data;

the data stored in the memory including;

a first image model data structure;

the first image being produced from the first image model data structure; and

instruction data indicating instructions the processor can execute;

the instruction data including a model-based viewing operation for operating on the first image model data structure;

the processor being further connected for accessing the data stored in the memory;

the processor, in executing the instructions, receiving request signal data from the input circuitry indicating a display request by the machine user to display a viewing operation region in a present viewing position in the display area coextensive with the present image position of a first image segment of the first image;

the viewing operation region having the model-based viewing operation associated therewith;

the processor further, in executing the instructions, responding to the request signal data indicating the display request by

producing image definition data defining a second image using the model-based viewing operation and the first image model data structure;

the second image having size and shape dimensions substantially identical to size and shape dimensions of the viewing operation region; and

providing the image definition data defining the second image to the output circuitry connected to the display so that the display presents the second image in the viewing operation region in response to the image definition data;

the second image being displayed substantially at the same time as the first image is being displayed in the display area;

whereby the processor, in executing the instructions, causes the presentation of the second image in the viewing operation region to replace the presentation of the first image segment in the display area in response to the display request by the machine user.

25. The machine according to claim 24 wherein the first image segment includes a first display feature representing a display feature attribute data item included in the first image model data structure;

the display feature attribute data item having a present attribute value indicating the first display feature; and

wherein

the processor further, in responding to the request signal data indicating the display request by producing the image definition data defining the second image using the first image model data structure,

obtaining a new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item;

the new attribute value indicating a modified first display feature; and

using the new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item to produce the image definition data defining the second image;

the second image thereby including the modified first display feature;

whereby the processor causes the second image including the modified first display feature displayed in the viewing operation region to replace the first image segment including the first display feature displayed in the display area in response to the display request by the machine user.

26. An article of manufacture for use in a machine that includes:

a display having a display area for presenting images to a machine user;

the display area having a first image displayed in a first image position therein;

a user input device for receiving signals indicating actions of the machine user;

memory for storing data;

the data stored in the memory including a first image model data structure;

the first image being produced from the first image model data structure;

a storage medium access device for accessing a medium that stores data; and

a processor connected for receiving data from the user input device, for providing data defining images to the display, and for accessing the data stored in the memory;

the processor further being connected for receiving data from the storage medium access device;

the article comprising;

a data storage medium that can be accessed by the storage medium access device when the article is used in the machine; and

data stored in the data storage medium so that the storage medium access device can provide the stored data to the processor when the article is used in the machine;

the stored data comprising instruction data indicating instructions the processor can execute;

the processor, in executing the instructions, receiving request signal data from the user input device indicating a display request by the machine user to display a viewing operation region in a present viewing position in the display area coextensive with a present image position of a first image segment of the first image;

the viewing operation region having a model-based viewing operation associated therewith for operating on the first image model data structure;

the processor, further in executing the instructions, responding to the display request by providing image definition data defining a second image to the display so that the display presents the second image in the viewing operation region in response to the image definition data;

the second image being produced according to the model-based viewing operation using the first image model data structure;

the second image having size and shape dimensions substantially identical to size and shape dimensions of the viewing operation region;

the second image being displayed substantially at the same time as the first image is being displayed in the display area;

whereby the processor, in executing the instructions indicated by the instruction data stored in the data storage medium, causes, in response to the display request by the machine user, presentation of the second image in the viewing operation region to replace presentation of the first image segment in the display area.

27. The article of manufacture according to 26 wherein,

in the machine that includes the display area having a first image displayed in a first image position therein, the first image including a first display feature;

in the machine that includes the memory for storing the first image model data structure, the first image model data structure including a display feature attribute data item representing the first display feature in the first image;

the processor, in receiving request signal data from the user input device indicating a display request by the machine user, displaying the viewing operation region so that the first image segment includes the first display feature; and

the processor, further in executing the instructions, further responding to the display request by providing the image definition data defining the second image to the display, producing the image definition data defining the second image using a new attribute value for the display feature attribute data item included in the first model data structure;

the second image showing a modified first display feature representing the new attribute value;

whereby the processor, in executing the instructions indicated by the instruction data stored in the data storage medium, causes, in response to the display request by the machine user, presentation of the second image including the modified first display feature in the viewing operation region to replace presentation of the first image segment including the first display feature in the display area.

28. A machine comprising:

input circuitry connected to a user input device;

the input circuitry receiving signals from the user input device indicating requests of a machine user;

image output circuitry connected to a display having a display area for presenting images thereon;

a memory for storing data; and

a processor connected for receiving the signals from the input circuitry, and connected for providing image definition data defining images to the output circuitry connected to the display;

the output circuitry causing the display to present the images in the display area in response to receiving the image definition data;

the data stored in the memory including;

a model data structure indicating information;

image definition data defining a first image;

the first image being produced using the model data structure and displayed in a present image position in the display area of the display;

viewing operation interface instruction data indicating viewing operation region presentation instructions the processor can execute to produce image definition data defining a viewing operation region for display in the display area in a present viewing position;

the viewing operation region presentation instructions including input request instructions for receiving the request signal data from the input circuitry; and

viewing operation instruction data indicating model-based viewing operation instructions the processor can execute to produce image definition data defining a second image using the model data structure;

the model-based viewing operation instructions determining an input portion of the model data structure for use in producing the second image by using the present viewing position of the viewing operation region to obtain a data item included in the model data structure;

the processor executing the model-based viewing operation instructions in response to executing the input request instructions for receiving the request signal data from the input circuitry;

the processor being further connected for accessing the data stored in the memory;

when request signal data is provided from the input circuitry indicating an image display request by the machine user to display the viewing operation region in the display area, execution of the viewing operation region presentation instructions causing the processor to receive the request signal data from the input circuitry and to display the viewing operation region in the present viewing position in the display area coextensive with the present image position of a first image segment of the first image;

execution of the viewing operation region presentation instructions further causing the processor to execute the model-based viewing operation instructions to produce the second image using the model data structure;

execution of the viewing operation instructions further causing the processor to display the second image in the viewing operation region substantially at the same time as the first image is being displayed in the display area so that the second image overlays and replaces the first image segment in the display area.

29. The machine of claim 28 wherein the request signal data indicating the image display request by the machine user to display a viewing operation region includes signals indicating a movement action by the user moving the viewing operation region from a prior viewing position in the display area to the present viewing position coextensive with the present image position of the first image segment of the first image.

30. A method of operating a machine to provide multiple views of an information space;

the machine including a display having a display area for presenting images;

a processor connected for providing image definition data defining images for presentation in the display area of the display; and

memory for storing data;

the data stored in the memory including instruction data indicating instructions the processor executes and a model data structure indicating information in the information space;

the processor further being connected for accessing the data stored in the memory;

the method comprising;

presenting a first image in a present image position in the display area of the display;

the first image being produced from the model data structure and representing a first view of the information space;

providing a model-based viewing operation, stored in the memory of the machine, to produce a second image representing a second view of the information space using the model data structure;

presenting a viewing operation region in a present viewing position in the display area coextensive with the present image position of a first image segment of the first image;

determining an input portion of the model data structure for use in producing the second image;

the input portion of the model data structure being determined by using the present image position of the first image segment as determined by the present viewing position of the viewing operation region coextensively positioned therewith;

producing the second image representing the second view of the information space using the model-based viewing operation and the input portion of the model data structure; and

presenting the second image in the viewing operation region so that the second image overlays and replaces the first image segment in the display area;

the second image having size and shape dimensions substantially identical to size and shape dimensions of the viewing operation region, and being displayed substantially at the same time as the first image is being displayed in the display area.

31. The method of operating the machine of claim 30 wherein the machine further includes a user input device for receiving signals indicating requests of a machine user;

the processor being further connected for receiving the signals indicating the requests of the machine user; and

wherein the viewing operation region is presented in the present viewing position in the display area in response to receiving request signal data from the user input device;

the request signal data indicating a display request by the machine user to present the viewing operation region in the present viewing position.

32. The method of operating the machine of claim 31 wherein the signals indicating the requests of the machine user indicate a movement action by the machine user moving the viewing operation region from a prior viewing position in the display area to the present viewing position.

33. The method of operating the machine of claim 30 wherein the step of determining an input portion of the model data structure for use in producing the second image includes using a predetermined selection position within the viewing operation region to obtain a data item included in the model structure;

the viewing operation using the data item to produce the second image.