Apparatus and method for generating full-color images using two light sources

• US 5,657,165 A
• Filed: 10/11/1995
• Issued: 08/12/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/11/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microvision, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Reflection Technology, Inc.
• Inventors: Becker, Allen, Karpman, Maurice S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Epps, Georgia Y.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MACK, RICKY LEVERN
• Application Number:
  US08/540,871
• Time in Patent Office: 671 Days
• Field of Search: 359/634, 359/212, 359/213, 359/214, 359/215, 345/7, 345/8, 345/31, 345/82, 345/83
• US Class Current: 359/634
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0154 with movable elements
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/017 Head mounted
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 3/08 having a moving reflector
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/30 using solid-state colour display devices

Abstract

A miniature, full-color display includes two rows of light-emitting elements that are both selected to emit light in substantially non-overlapping wavelength ranges comprising a blue-green wavelength range and a red wavelength range. The light-emitting elements as well as a magnifying lens, and an oscillating mirror are placed in a light-tight box having an opening through which the mirror may be viewed. The light from the blue-green elements is filtered by a filter which transmits either blue or green light depending on the mirror movement. The light-emitting devices are selectively illuminated as the mirror moves to create a full-color, substantially planar, two-dimensional image. The light box may be sized to be hand-held, or may be capable of being mounted to a pair of glasses, a headband or similar device.

Claims

1. A miniature display system having a size suitable for hand-held and headgear-mounted use for displaying to a user'"'"'s eye a full-color, two-dimensional image, the image being generated by selectively combining light having wavelengths within a first color wavelength range and light having wavelengths within a second color wavelength range, the display system comprising:

a first plurality of light-emitting elements aligned in a predetermined fashion, each of the light-emitting elements emitting light having wavelengths within the first color wavelength range;

a second plurality of light-emitting elements aligned in a predetermined fashion, each of the light-emitting elements emitting light having wavelengths within the second color wavelength range;

a mirror to reflect the light emitted by the first and second plurality of light-emitting elements to the users'"'"'s eye;

a means for repetitively moving the mirror through a predetermined range of movement; and

a means cooperating with the moving means for selectively illuminating the first plurality of light-emitting elements and the second plurality of light-emitting elements as the mirror moves; and

a means cooperating with the moving means for filtering the light emitted from the first plurality of light-emitting elements so that light transmitted through the filtering means falls within a first part of the first color wavelength range during a first portion of the mirror movement and the light transmitted through the filtering means falls within a second part of the first color wavelength range during a second portion of the mirror movement.

2. The display system as defined in claim 1 wherein the light in the first color wavelength range consists of wavelengths between approximately 450 nm and 555 nm.

3. The display system as defined in claim 2 wherein the light emitted by the second plurality of light-emitting elements has wavelengths between approximately 620 nm to 700 nm.

4. The display system as defined in claim 1 wherein the filtering means comprises:

a color filter wheel having a first section which blocks light having wavelengths within the first part of the first color wavelength range and transmits all other wavelengths and a second section which blocks light having wavelengths within the second part of the first color wavelength range and transmits all other wavelengths; and

a means responsive to mirror movement for selectively moving the color filter wheel.

5. The display system as defined in claim 1 wherein the filtering means comprises a pi-cell filter having alterable transmission characteristics and means responsive to mirror movement for altering the transmission characteristics.

6. The display system as defined in claim 1 wherein the filtering means comprises:

a pivoting notch filter having transmission characteristics dependent on an angle of incidence of incoming light; and

a means responsive to mirror movement for selectively altering the angle of incidence of light emitted from the first and second plurality of light-emitting elements which falls on the pivoting notch filter.

7. The display system as defined in claim 6 wherein the pivoting notch filter has a transmission rejection wavelength of approximately 50 nanometers.

8. The display system as defined in claim 1 wherein the means for repetitively moving the mirror moves the mirror in a forward direction and in a reverse direction, and the filtering means transmits light from the first part of the first color wavelength range when the mirror is moving in the forward direction and transmits light from the second part of the first color wavelength range when the mirror is moving in the reverse direction.

9. The display system as defined in claim 1 further comprising a second mirror that transmits light emitted from the first plurality of light-emitting elements and reflects light emitted from the second plurality of light-emitting elements.

10. The display system as defined in claim 1 further comprising imaging optics positioned between the first and second plurality of light-emitting elements and the mirror for generating a magnified image of the first and second plurality of light-emitting elements.

11. The display system as defined in claim 1 wherein the first plurality of light-emitting elements are aligned in a first linear array and the second plurality of light-emitting elements are aligned in a second linear array.

12. The display system as defined in claim 11 wherein the first linear array and the second linear array lie substantially in the same plane.

13. The display system as defined in claim 11 wherein the first linear array and the second linear array lie in different planes.

14. The display system as defined in claim 1 wherein light emitted from the second plurality of light-emitting elements is substantially transmitted through the filtering means.

15. The display system as defined in claim 1 wherein the first plurality of light-emitting elements and the second plurality of light-emitting elements are light-emitting diodes.

16. A method for displaying to a user'"'"'s eye a full-color, two-dimensional image using a miniature display system having a size suitable for hand-held and headgear-mounted use, the method comprising the steps of:

oscillating a mirror with a repetitive movement;

based on the movement of the mirror, selectively generating light having wavelengths within a first wavelength range;

filtering, based on the movement of the mirror, the selectively generated light having wavelengths within a first wavelength range so that light having wavelengths within a first part of the first wavelength range falls on the mirror during a first portion of the mirror movement and light having wavelengths within a second part of the first wavelength range falls on the mirror during a second portion of the mirror movement; and

based on the movement of the mirror, selectively generating light having wavelengths within a second wavelength range and transmitting the light to the mirror, so that the light falling on the mirror combines to generate a full color image which is reflected to the user'"'"'s eye.

17. The method as defined in claim 16 wherein the step of selectively generating light having wavelengths within a first wavelength range comprises the step of:

selectively generating light having wavelengths between approximately 450 nm and 555 nm.

18. The method as defined in claim 17 wherein the step of selectively generating light having wavelengths within a second wavelength range comprises the step of:

selectively generating light having wavelengths between approximately 620 nm and 700 nm.

19. The method as defined in claim 16 further comprising the additional step of:

reflecting the selectively generated light having wavelengths within a second wavelength range from a second mirror.

20. The method as defined in claim 16 further comprising the additional step of:

using an optical system to form an image from the filtered light and the selectivity generated light having wavelengths within a second wavelength range.

21. The method as defined in claim 16 wherein the step of filtering comprises the steps of:

passing the selectively generated light having wavelengths with a first wavelength range through a color filter wheel having a first section which blocks light having wavelengths within the first part of the first wavelength range and transmits all other wavelengths and a second section which blocks light having wavelengths within the second part of the first wavelength range and transmits all other wavelengths; and

selectively moving the color filter wheel based on the minor movement to control the wavelengths of the light falling on the mirror.

22. The method as defined in claim 16 wherein the step of filtering comprises the steps of:

passing the selectively generated light having wavelengths in a first wavelength range through a pi-cell filter having alterable transmission characteristics; and

altering the transmission characteristics based on the mirror movement.

23. The method as defined in claim 16 wherein the step of filtering comprises the steps of:

passing the selectively generated light having wavelengths within a first wavelength range through a pivoting notch filter having transmission characteristics dependent on an angle of incidence of incoming light; and

selectively altering the angle of incidence of light emitted from the first and second plurality of light-emitting elements which fails on the pivoting notch filter based on the mirror movement.

24. The method as defined in claim 16 wherein the step of oscillating the mirror comprises the steps of:

moving the mirror in a forward direction and

moving the mirror in a reverse direction; and

wherein the step of filtering comprises the steps of;

transmitting light from the first part of the first wavelength range when the mirror is moving in the forward direction and transmitting light from second part of the first wavelength range when the mirror is moving in the reverse direction.

25. A miniature display system having a size suitable for hand-held and headgear-mounted use for displaying to a user'"'"'s eye a full-color, two-dimensional image, the image being generated by selectively combining light having wavelengths within a first additive primary color wavelength range, light having wavelengths within a second additive primary color wavelength range and light having wavelengths within a third additive primary color wavelength range, the display system comprising:

a first linear array of light-emitting elements, each of the light-emitting elements being independently illuminable and emitting light having wavelengths within a first predetermined wavelength range encompassing wavelengths within the first and the second additive primary color wavelength ranges;

a second linear array of light-emitting elements, each of the light-emitting elements being independently illuminable and emitting light having wavelengths within the third additive primary color wavelength range;

a lens for generating an enlarged image of the first plurality of light-emitting elements and the second plurality of light-emitting elements;

a mirror to reflect the enlarged image to the users'"'"'s eye;

a means for oscillating the mirror; and

a means cooperating with the oscillating means for selectively illuminating the light-emitting elements in the first array and the light-emitting elements in the second array as the mirror moves to form a two-dimensional raster image; and

a means located between the first array and the mirror and cooperating with the oscillating means for filtering the light emitted from the light-emitting elements in the first array so that light transmitted through the filtering means falls within the first additive primary color wavelength range during a first portion of the mirror movement and the light transmitted through the filtering means falls within the second additive primary color wavelength range during a second portion of the mirror movement.

26. The display system as defined in claim 25 wherein the filtering means comprises:

a color filter wheel having a first section which blocks light having wavelengths within the first additive primary color wavelength range and transmits all other wavelengths and a second section which blocks light having wavelengths within the second additive primary color wavelength range and transmits all other wavelengths; and

a means responsive to mirror movement for selectively moving the color filter wheel.

27. The display system as defined in claim 25 wherein the filtering means comprises a pi-cell filter having alterable transmission characteristics and means responsive to mirror movement for altering the transmission characteristics.

28. The display system as defined in claim 25 wherein the filtering means comprises:

a pivoting notch filter having transmission characteristics dependent on an angle of incidence of incoming light; and

a means responsive to mirror movement for selectively altering the angle of incidence of light emitted from the first and second plurality of light-emitting elements which falls on the pivoting notch filter.