Virtual retinal display

• US 5,659,327 A
• Filed: 06/07/1995
• Issued: 08/19/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Board of Regents of The University of Washington (University of Washington)
• Original Assignee: Board of Regents of The University of Washington (University of Washington)
• Inventors: Kollin, Joel S., Furness, Thomas Adrian III
• Primary Examiner(s): BRIER, JEFFERY A
• Application Number:
  US08/485,630
• Time in Patent Office: 804 Days
• Field of Search: 345/7-9, 348/53, 340/980, 359/630, 359/631
• US Class Current: 345/8
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0116 comprising devices for correcting chromatic aberration
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0118 comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0132 comprising binocular systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0138 comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0187 slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0198 System for aligning or maintaining alignment of an image in a predetermined direction
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/10 Scanning systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/017 Head mounted
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/003 to produce spatial visual effects
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/02 by tracing or scanning a light beam on a screen
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/025 with scanning or deflecting the beams in two directions or dimensions
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/3129 scanning a light beam on the display screen scanning a light beam on a screen in displays other than projection devices G09G3/02; scanning systems in general G02B26/10; projectors using laser light sources in general H04N9/3161

Abstract

A virtual retinal display utilizes photon generation and manipulation to create a panoramic, high resolution, color virtual image that is projected directly onto the retina of the eye without creating a real or an aerial image that is viewed via a mirror or optics. The virtual retinal display includes a source of photons, the photons being modulated with video information and scanned in a raster type of pattern directly onto the retina of the user'"'"'s eye. The photon generator may utilize coherent or non-coherent light. Further, the photon generator may utilize color light generators so as to scan a colored virtual image directly onto the retina of the user'"'"'s eye. The virtual retinal display may also include a depth accommodation cue to vary the focus of scanned photons rapidly so as to control the depth perceived by a user for each individual picture element of the virtual image. Further, an eye tracking system may be utilized to sense the position of an entrance pupil of the user'"'"'s eye, the detected pupil position being utilized to move the scanned photons so as to be approximately coincident with the entrance pupil of the eye. The detected pupil position may also be used to change the video image scanned onto the retina so that as the user'"'"'s eye moves, the view perceived by the user changes.

Claims

1. A virtual image display system comprising:

a plurality of colored light emitting diodes for generating non-coherent light of a plurality of colors, said colored light being modulated with video information and combined to form a color video modulated light; and

a scanning system for scanning said color video modulated light onto a retina of a user'"'"'s eye to produce a colored virtual image perceived by the user.

2. A virtual image display system as recited in claim 1 wherein said scanning system includes a first microscanner for scanning said color video modulated light in a first direction and a second microscanner for scanning said color video modulated light in a second direction.

3. A virtual image display system as recited in claim 1 wherein said plurality of light emitting diodes includes a red light emitting diode, a green light emitting diode and a blue light emitting diode.

4. A portable virtual image display system comprising:

a source of non-coherent light modulated with video information; and

at least one microscanner sufficiently small to be portable for scanning said video modulated light onto the retina of a user'"'"'s eye to produce a virtual image perceived by the user.

5. A portable virtual image display system as recited in claim 4 wherein said non-coherent light is a light emitting diode.

6. A portable virtual image display system comprising:

a source of non-coherent light modulated with video information;

a resonant mechanical scanner sufficiently small to be portable for scanning said video modulated light in a horizontal direction;

a second scanner sufficiently small to be portable for scanning video modulated light received from said resonant mechanical scanner in a vertical direction onto the retina of a user'"'"'s eye to produce a virtual image having at least two dimensions perceived by the user.

7. A portable virtual image display system as recited in claim 6 wherein said source of light generates non-coherent light.

8. A portable virtual image display system as recited in claim 6 wherein said source of light generates coherent light.

9. A portable virtual image display system as recited in claim 6 wherein said source of light generates red light, green light and blue light respectively modulated with red, green and blue video information, said red, green and blue video modulated light being combined and thereafter coupled to one of said scanners.

10. A portable virtual image display system as recited in claim 6 including an eye position detector for detecting the position of an entrance pupil of the user'"'"'s eye and a photon deflector for moving said scanned light to approximately coincide with said entrance pupil.

11. A portable virtual image display system as recited in claim 6 including an eye position detector for detecting the position of an entrance pupil of the user'"'"'s eye and a source of video information, said video information source being responsive to movement of said pupil position to vary the video information with which said light is modulated.

12. A portable virtual image display system as recited in claim 6 wherein said video information includes a plurality of video signals representing a plurality of regions of a video image, said photons being modulated by said plurality of video signals in parallel and scanned in parallel.