Image-data processing apparatus

• US 5,661,570 A
• Filed: 07/25/1995
• Issued: 08/26/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 07/27/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
• Original Assignee: Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
• Inventors: Nomura, Mayumi
• Primary Examiner(s): Rogers, Scott A.
• Application Number:
  US08/506,567
• Time in Patent Office: 763 Days
• Field of Search: 358/456, 358/457, 358/458, 358/466, 358/534, 358/535, 358/536, 358/298, 382/237, 382/270
• US Class Current: 358/3.01
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/4053 with threshold modulated relative to input image data or vice versa

Abstract

An apparatus for processing multilevel image data representing a half-tone image, into bilevel image data representing a bilevel image corresponding to the half-tone image, the multilevel image data including sets of multilevel pixel data each set of which represents one of three or more color values as a first color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of pixels of the half-tone image, and is processed into a corresponding one of sets of bilevel pixel data of the bilevel image data so that the corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data represents one of two color values as a second color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of pixels of the bilevel image, the apparatus including a data processing device for processing each set of multilevel pixel data into a corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by an error diffusion process wherein an error value occurring in processing each set of multilevel pixel data into a corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data is distributed to one or more first pixels which neighbor the corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and correspond to one or more sets of multilevel pixel data yet to be processed, the processing device processing each set of multilevel pixel data into a corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by employing a threshold value which is variable depending upon the each set of multilevel pixel data.

Claims

1. An image-data processing apparatus for processing multilevel image data representing a half-tone image, into bilevel image data representing a bilevel image corresponding to the half-tone image, the multilevel image data comprising a number of sets of multilevel pixel data each set of which represents one of more than two color values as a first color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the half-tone image, and is processed into a corresponding one of a number of sets of bilevel pixel data of the bilevel image data so that said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data represents one of two color values as a second color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the bilevel image, the apparatus comprising:

data obtaining means for obtaining said multilevel image data; and

data processing means for processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by an error diffusion process wherein an error value occurring in processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data is distributed to at least one first pixel which neighbors said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and corresponds to at least one set of multilevel pixel data yet to be processed by said data processing means, said data processing means processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by employing a threshold value which is variable depending upon said each set of multilevel pixel data,

wherein said data processing means comprises threshold determining means for determining said variable threshold value based on said each set of multilevel pixel data, and

wherein said threshold determining means comprises means for determining said variable threshold value, T_var, according to a following expression;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">T.sub.var =a×

I+b

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data, and

a and b are predetermined values, respectively.

2. An image-data processing apparatus for processing multilevel image data representing a half-tone image, into bilevel image data representing a bilevel image corresponding to the half-tone image, the multilevel image data comprising a number of sets of multilevel pixel data each set of which represents one of more than two color values as a first color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the half-tone image, and is processed into a corresponding one of a number of sets of bilevel pixel data of the bilevel image data so that said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data represents one of two color values as a second color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the bilevel image, the apparatus comprising:

data obtaining means for obtaining said multilevel image data; and

data processing means for processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by an error diffusion process wherein an error value occurring in processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data is distributed to at least one first pixel which neighbors said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and corresponds to at least one set of multilevel pixel data yet to be processed by said data processing means, said data processing means processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by employing a threshold value which is variable depending upon said each set of multilevel pixel data,

wherein said data processing means comprises threshold determining means for determining said variable threshold value based on said each set of multilevel pixel data, and

wherein said threshold determining means comprises means for determining said threshold value, T_var, according to a following expression;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">T.sub.var =n/2+(I-n/2)×

A

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data,

n is a number of said more than two color values, and

A is an arbitrary coefficient satisfying 0<

A≦

1.

3. An image-data processing apparatus for processing multilevel image data representing a half-tone image, into bilevel image data representing a bilevel image corresponding to the half-tone image, the multilevel image data comprising a number of sets of multilevel pixel data each set of which represents one of more than two color values as a first color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the half-tone image, and is processed into a corresponding one of a number of sets of bilevel pixel data of the bilevel image data so that said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data represents one of two color values as a second color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the bilevel image, the apparatus comprising:

data obtaining means for obtaining said multilevel image data; and

data processing means for processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by an error diffusion process wherein an error value occurring in processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data is distributed to at least one first pixel which neighbors said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and corresponds to at least one set of multilevel pixel data yet to be processed by said data processing means, said data processing means processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by employing a threshold value which is variable depending upon said each set of multilevel pixel data,

wherein said data processing means comprises threshold determining means for determining said variable threshold value base don said each set of multilevel pixel data, and

wherein said threshold determining means comprises means for determining said threshold value, T_var, according to a following expression;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">T.sub.var =n/2+(I-n/2)×

1/2

wherein I is said first color of each set of multilevel pixel data, and

n is a number of said more than two color values.

4. An image-data processing apparatus for processing multilevel image data representing a half-tone image, into bilevel image data representing a bilevel image corresponding to the half-tone image, the multilevel image data comprising a number of sets of multilevel pixel data each set of which represents one of more than two color values as a first color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the half-tone image, and is processed into a corresponding one of a number of sets of bilevel pixel data of the bilevel image data so that said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data represents one of two color values as a second color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the bilevel image, the apparatus comprising:

data obtaining means for obtaining said multilevel image data; and

data processing means for processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by an error diffusion process wherein an error value occurring in processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data is distributed to at least one first pixel which neighbors said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and corresponds to at least one set of multilevel pixel data yet to be processed by said data processing means, said data processing means processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by employing a threshold value which is variable depending upon said each set of multilevel pixel data,

wherein said data processing means comprises means for employing said variable threshold value when said first color value falls within a first range of said more than two color values, and employing, in place of said variable threshold value, a predetermined threshold value when said first color value falls within a second range of said more than two color values which does not overlap said first range.

5. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising an output device which presents said bilevel image to an observer corresponding to said bilevel image data produced by said data processing means.

6. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said output device comprises a recorder which records, on a recording medium, said bilevel image represented by said bilevel image data.

7. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said output device comprises a display which includes an image screen and displays, on said screen, said bilevel image represented by said bilevel image data.

8. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said data obtaining means comprises an image pick-up device which picks up an original image from an original and produces said multilevel image data representing said original image as said half-tone image.

9. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said data obtaining means comprises a receiving device which receives said multilevel image data from an external data storage device.

10. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising an internal data storage device in which said multilevel image data are stored, said data obtaining means comprising means for reading said multilevel image data from said internal data storage device.

11. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a data storage device which stores said bilevel image data produced by said data processing means.

12. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said data processing means comprises:

correcting means for correcting said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data, based on a sum of the respective error values distributed by said data processing means to said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image from a plurality of second pixels which neighbor said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and correspond to a plurality of sets of multilevel pixel data which have been processed by the data processing means; and

producing means for producing said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data representing said one of said two color values as said second color value, by comparing the corrected first color value with said variable threshold value.

13. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said correcting means comprises means for correcting said first color value by adding said sum thereto.

14. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said data processing means comprises error determining means for determining said error value based on said corrected first color value and said second color value.

15. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said error determining means comprises means for determining said error value by subtracting said second color value from said corrected first color value.

16. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said data processing means comprises error distributing means for distributing said error value to a plurality of said first neighboring pixels.

17. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein said error distributing means comprises means for dividing said error value into a plurality of weighed values according to a predetermined weighing rule and distributing said weighed values to said first neighboring pixels, respectively.

18. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said data processing means comprises threshold determining means for determining said variable threshold value based on said each set of multilevel pixel data.

19. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said threshold determining means comprises means for determining said variable threshold value, T_var, according to a following expression:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">T.sub.var =a×

I+b

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data, and

a and b are predetermined values, respectively.

20. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said threshold determining means comprises means for determining said threshold value, T_var, according to a following expression:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">T.sub.var =n/2+(I-n/2)×

A

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data,

n is a number of said more than two color values, and

A is an arbitrary coefficient satisfying 0<

A≦

1.

21. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said threshold determining means comprises means for determining said threshold value, T_var, according to a following expression:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">T.sub.var =n/2+(I-n/2)×

1/2

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data, and

n is a number of said more than two color values.

22. An image-data processing apparatus for processing multilevel image data representing a half-tone image, into bilevel image data representing a bilevel image corresponding to the half-tone image, the multilevel image data comprising a number of sets of multilevel pixel data each set of which represents one of more than two color values as a first color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the half-tone image, and is processed into a corresponding one of a number of sets of bilevel pixel data of the bilevel image data so that said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data represents one of two color values as a second color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the bilevel image, the apparatus comprising:

data obtaining means for obtaining said multilevel image data; and

data processing means for processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by an error diffusion process wherein an error value occurring in processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data is distributed to at least one first pixel which neighbors said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and corresponds to at least one set of multilevel pixel data yet to be processed by said data processing means, said data processing means processing, according to a predetermined rule, said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by using a first-color-value correction value having an absolute value greater than an absolute value of a sum of at least one error value distributed thereby to said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image from at least one second pixel which neighbors said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and which corresponds to at least one set of multilevel pixel data which has been processed by the data processing means.

23. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 22, further comprising an output device which presents said bilevel image to an observer corresponding to said bilevel image data produced by said data processing means.

24. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein said data obtaining means comprises an image pick-up device which picks up an original image from an original and produces said multilevel image data representing said original image as said half-tone image.

25. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein said data processing means comprises:

correcting means for correcting said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data, based on said correction value; and

producing means for producing said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data representing said one of said two color values as said second color value, by comparing the corrected first color value with a predetermined threshold value.

26. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 25, wherein said correcting means comprises means for correcting said first color value by adding said correction value thereto.

27. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 26, wherein said correcting means comprises means for correcting said first color value into said corrected first color value, I", according to a following expression:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">I"=i+a×

E+b

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data,

E is said sum of the respective error values distributed from a plurality of said second neighboring pixels, and

a, b are predetermined values, respectively.

28. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 26, wherein said correcting means comprises means for correcting said first color value into said corrected first color value, I", according to a following expression:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">I"=I+B×

E

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data,

E is said sum of the respective error values distributed from a plurality of said second neighboring pixels, and

B is an arbitrary coefficient greater than one.

29. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 26, wherein said correcting means comprises means for correcting said first color value into said corrected first color value, I", according to a following expression:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">I"=I+2×

E

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data, and

is said sum of the respective error values distributed from a plurality of said second neighboring pixels.

30. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein said data processing means comprises error determining means for determining said error value based on said first color value, said sum, and said second color value.

31. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 30, wherein said error determining means comprises means for determining said error value by subtracting said second color value from said first color value added with said sum.

32. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein said data processing means comprises error distributing means for distributing said error value to a plurality of said first neighboring pixels.

33. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 32, wherein said error distributing means comprises means for dividing said error value into a plurality of weighed values according to a predetermined weighing rule and distributing said weighed values to said first neighboring pixels, respectively.

34. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 22, wherein said data processing means comprises means for using said correction value when said first color value falls within a first range of said more than two color values, and using, in place of said correction value, said sum of the respective error values distributed from a plurality of said second neighboring pixels, when said first color value falls within a second range of said more than two color values which does not overlap said first range.

35. An image-data processing apparatus for processing multilevel image data representing a half-tone image, into bilevel image data representing a bilevel image corresponding to the half-tone image, the multilevel image data comprising a number of sets of multilevel pixel data each set of which represents one of more than two color values as a first color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the half-tone image, and is processed into a corresponding one of a number of sets of bilevel pixel data of the bilevel image data so that said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data represents one of two color values as a second color value indicating a color of a corresponding one of a number of pixels of the bilevel image, the apparatus comprising:

data obtaining means for obtaining said multilevel image data; and

data processing means for processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, by an error diffusion process wherein an error value occurring in processing said each set of multilevel pixel data into said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data is distributed to at least one first pixel which neighbors said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and corresponds to at least one set of multilevel pixel data yet to be processed by said data processing means, said data processing means determining, according to a predetermined rule, said error value by using a first-color-value correction value having an absolute value smaller than an absolute value of a sum of at least one error value distributed thereby to said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image from at least one second pixel which neighbors said corresponding one pixel of the half-tone image and which corresponds to at least one set of multilevel pixel data which has been processed by the data processing means.

36. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said data processing means comprises error determining means for determining said error value, e'"'"', according to a following expression:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">e'"'"'=c×

(I+E'"'"'/C-O)

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data,

O is said second color value of said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data,

E'"'"' is said sum of the respective error values distributed from a plurality of said second neighboring pixels, and

C is an arbitrary coefficient greater than one.

37. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said data processing means comprises error determining means for determining said error value, e'"'"', according to a following expression:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">e'"'"'=2×

(I+E'"'"'/2-O)

where I is said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data,

O is said second color value of said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data, and

E'"'"' is said sum of the respective error values distributed from a plurality of said second neighboring pixels.

38. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said data processing means comprises error distributing means for dividing said error value into a plurality of weighed values according to a predetermined weighing rule and distributing said weighed values to a plurality of said first neighboring pixels, respectively.

39. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said data processing means comprises:

correcting means for correcting said first color value of said each set of multilevel pixel data, based on said sum of the respective error values distributed from a plurality of said second neighboring pixels; and

data producing means for producing said corresponding one set of bilevel pixel data representing said one of said two color values as said second color value, by comparing the corrected first color value with a predetermined threshold value.

40. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 39, wherein said correcting means comprises means for using said sum when said first color value falls within a first range of said more than two color values, and using, in place of said sum, said correction value when said first color value falls within a second range of said more than two color values which does not overlap said first range.

41. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 35, further comprising an output device which presents said bilevel image to an observer corresponding to said bilevel image data produced by said data processing means.

42. An image-data processing apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said data obtaining means comprises an image pick-up device which picks up an original image from an original and produces said multilevel image data representing said original image as said half-tone image.