Automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument

• US 5,665,102 A
• Filed: 03/07/1996
• Issued: 09/09/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 08/14/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Inbae Yoon
• Original Assignee: Inbae Yoon
• Inventors: Yoon, InBae
• Primary Examiner(s): Tucker, Guy V.
• Application Number:
  US08/612,029
• Time in Patent Office: 551 Days
• Field of Search: 606/167, 606/171, 606/184, 606/185, 604/95, 604/158, 604/162, 604/163, 604/164, 604/165, 604/170, 604/272, 604/274, 604/280, 604/169, 128/751, 128/752, 128/753, 128/754
• US Class Current: 606/185
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3417 Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating syringe needles A61M5/32; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3474 Insufflating needles, e.g. Veress needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3496 Protecting sleeves or inner probes; Retractable tips for protecting body piercing guide needles A61M25/0612
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3498 Valves therefor, e.g. flapper valves, slide valves haemostasis valves A61M39/06; check valves A61M39/24
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00477 Coupling A61B2017/0046 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3454 Details of tips
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3484 Anchoring means, e.g. spreading-out umbrella-like structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/08021 of the patient or his organs
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/0811 for the position of a particular part of an instrument with respect to the rest of the instrument, e.g. position of the anvil of a stapling instrument

Abstract

An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for introduction of sleeves, such as portal sleeves, cannulas and catheters, into anatomical cavities by means of penetrating members, such as solid tip trocars, other solid configuration obturators and cannulated penetrating members, such as needles, include locking and releasing mechanisms for automatic retraction of the penetrating member into the sleeve upon the sleeve entering the anatomical cavity. Various locking and releasing mechanisms are utilized for disposition in the penetrating member hub, in the shaft of the penetrating member or partially in the shaft and the hub, and the penetrating member can be made of telescoping distal and shaft sections to minimize the length of the penetrating member hub.

Claims

1. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for introducing a sleeve into a cavity in a body comprising

a sleeve for providing a passage through a cavity wall and having a distal end for positioning in a body cavity, a proximal end for positioning externally of the body cavity and a lumen between said distal and proximal ends;

a penetrating member disposed in said lumen and having a central longitudinal axis, a distal tip for penetrating the cavity wall and a passage laterally offset from and parallel with said central longitudinal axis;

a retracting mechanism coupled with said penetrating member for moving said tip proximally relative to said sleeve from a penetrating member extended position wherein said tip protrude distally beyond said distal end of said sleeve to a penetrating member retracted position wherein said tip is disposed within said lumen;

a probe slidably disposed in said passage and having a distal end;

means for biasing said probe distally to a probe extended position wherein said distal end of said probe protrudes distally from said passage to be disposed externally of said penetrating member when said penetrating member is in said penetrating member extended position, said means for biasing permitting proximal movement of said probe relative to said penetrating member from said probe extended position to a probe retracted position in response to contact of said probe with the cavity wall during penetration of the cavity wall by said penetrating member and permitting distal movement of said probe from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position in response to entry of said distal end of said sleeve into the body cavity; and

a locking and releasing mechanism locking said penetrating member in said penetrating member extended position and automatically releasing said penetrating member for movement to said penetrating member retracted position in response to movement of said probe distally from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position.

2. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said distal end of said probe in said probe extended position is disposed proximally of said tip in said penetrating member extended position.

3. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 2 wherein said penetrating member includes a tapered distal end having a plurality of facets converging at said tip and an aperture in one of said facets communicating with said passage.

4. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 3 wherein said distal end of said probe in said probe extended position protrudes from said aperture to be spaced from said one facet in said penetrating member extended position.

5. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 4 wherein said probe comprises a solid rod.

6. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for introducing a sleeve into a cavity in a body comprising

a sleeve for providing a passage through a cavity wall and having a distal end for positioning in a body cavity, a proximal end for positioning externally of the body cavity and a lumen between said distal and proximal ends;

a penetrating member disposed in said lumen and having a tapered distal end including a plurality of angled end surfaces converging at a tip for penetrating the cavity wall and an opening along one of said end surfaces;

a retracting mechanism coupled with said penetrating member for moving said tip proximally relative to said sleeve from a penetrating member extended position wherein said tip protrudes beyond said distal end of said sleeve to a penetrating member retracted position wherein said tip is disposed within said lumen;

a probe disposed within said lumen and having a distal end;

means for biasing said probe to a probe extended position wherein said distal end of said probe protrudes distally from said opening and is disposed proximally of said tip when said penetrating member is in said penetrating member extended position, said means for biasing permitting said probe to move proximally from said probe extended position to a probe retracted position during penetration of the cavity wall by said penetrating member and causing said probe to move distally from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position in response to entry of said distal end of said sleeve into the body cavity; and

a locking and releasing mechanism locking said penetrating member in said penetrating member extended position and automatically releasing said penetrating member for movement to said penetrating member retracted position in response to movement of said probe distally from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position.

7. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said penetrating member has a longitudinal axis and said opening is laterally offset from said longitudinal axis.

8. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 7 wherein said penetrating member includes a cylindrical body proximally joined to said end surfaces at a junction and said opening is disposed along said junction.

9. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said probe is disposed in a passage of said penetrating member communicating with said opening.

10. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for introducing a sleeve into a cavity in a body comprising

a sleeve for providing a passage through a cavity wall and having a distal end for positioning in a body cavity, a proximal end for positioning externally of the body cavity and a lumen between said distal and proximal ends;

a penetrating member disposed in said lumen and having a longitudinal axis, a tapered distal end including a plurality of facets converging at a tip for penetrating the cavity wall, a cylindrical body proximally joined to said facets and a longitudinal passage disposed in said cylindrical body along the circumference thereof;

a retracting mechanism coupled with said penetrating member for moving said tip proximally relative to said sleeve from a penetrating member extended position wherein said tip protrudes beyond said distal end of said sleeve to a penetrating member retracted position wherein said tip is disposed within said lumen;

a probe disposed in said passage and having a distal end;

means for biasing said probe distally to a probe extended position wherein said distal end of said probe protrudes distally from said passage to be disposed distally of said cylindrical body when said penetrating member is in said penetrating member extended position, said probe being movable proximally relative to said penetrating member from said probe extended position to a probe retracted position in response to resistance of the cavity wall during penetration, said probe being movable distally by said means for biasing from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position in response to entry into the body cavity; and

a locking and releasing mechanism for locking said penetrating member in said penetrating member extended position and for automatically releasing said penetrating member for movement to said penetrating member retracted position in response to movement of said probe distally from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position.

11. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 10 wherein said distal end of said probe in said probe extended position is disposed proximally of said tip in said penetrating member extended position.

12. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said facets are joined to said cylindrical body at a junction and said distal end of said probe in said probe extended position is disposed between said tip and said junction in said penetrating member extended position.

13. A method of penetrating an anatomical cavity wall with an automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument comprising the steps of

penetrating the cavity wall with a tip of a penetrating member disposed within a sleeve of the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument;

after said penetrating step commences, contacting the cavity wall during the continuation of said penetrating step with a probe disposed along the penetrating member and having a central longitudinal axis laterally offset from and parallel with a central longitudinal axis of the penetrating member such that the probe is moved proximally relative to the penetrating member;

biasing the probe to cause the probe to move distally once a distal end of the sleeve enters the cavity; and

automatically retracting the penetrating member to move the tip proximally into the sleeve in response to distal movement of the probe upon the sleeve entering the cavity.