Method and apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable utilizing a magnetically saturable core reactor

• US 5,670,931 A
• Filed: 06/17/1994
• Issued: 09/23/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/17/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated (Baker Hughes Company)
• Original Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated (Baker Hughes Company)
• Inventors: Knox, Dick Lee, Martin, John Dee Jr., Davis, Cecil Glynn, Tickell, Edward Bryant Jr., Besser, Gordon Lee
• Primary Examiner(s): Mullen, Thomas
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tong, Nina
• Application Number:
  US08/262,807
• Time in Patent Office: 1,194 Days
• Field of Search: 340/310.01, 340/310.02, 340/310.04, 340/310.07, 340/853.1, 340/854.9, 340/855.2, 340/855.9, 166/250, 175/50
• US Class Current: 370/531
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/542 using zero crossing information
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5458 Monitor sensor; Alarm systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5466 using three phases conductors
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2203/5475 adapted for drill or well combined with data transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/542 the information being in digital form
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/56 Circuits for coupling, blocking, or by-passing of signals

Abstract

The present invention impresses the data on the power signal by utilizing a saturable core reactor. The saturable core reactor uses two cores. Each core has both load windings and control windings. The control windings are selectively energized to alter an electrical characteristic of the current passing through the load windings. The saturable core reactor is designed with cores made of a highly magnetically permeable material so that the cores are easily saturated. The cyclical saturation of the cores achieved by the load current, and the selective saturation of the cores achieved by selectively applying a control current, results in "deformations" being selectively formed at the zero crossings of the load current waveform. These "deformations" can be selectively formed on the power signal to represent a binary data stream. Once the series of "deformations" is impressed onto the power signal, the "deformations" are communicated from one point on the power cable to another point on the power cable together with the power signal. The "deformations" are then read and transformed into a binary data stream. Thus, the power cable is converted from a mere power cable to a power cable capable of transmitting both power and data simultaneously.

Claims

1. A data transmission apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power-consuming component, comprising:

a. at least one reactive circuit component, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings;

c. said data transmission apparatus being operable in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. wherein said data is transmitted to a remote location through said power cable by deforming said alternating electrical current in a region associated with selected waveform zero-crossings in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

2. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 1, including two reactive circuit components coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from said load windings to said control windings.

3. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said alternating electrical current comprises a multi-phase power source, and wherein said load windings of said at least one reactive circuit component communicate with at least one leg of said multi-phase power source.

4. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

a receiver member remotely located from said at least one reactive circuit component for identifying alteration of said at least one electrical characteristic of said alternating electrical current and reconstructing said data signal.

5. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control circuit includes a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying a direct current to said control windings to switch said data transmission apparatus to said saturated mode of operation.

6. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is adapted to switch to said saturated mode of operation at a saturation current which is intermediate zero current and a peak current for said alternating electrical current so that passage of said alternating electrical current through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation.

7. A data transmission apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power-consuming component, comprising:

a. at least one reactive circuit component, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings;

c. said data transmission apparatus being operable in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. wherein said alternating electrical current passing through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus (a) to said saturated mode of operation at high current levels and (b) to said unsaturated mode of operation at low current levels, causing distortions at zero crossings of said alternating electrical current;

e. wherein a control signal current which is selectively supplied to said control windings is sufficient to maintain said data transmission apparatus in said saturated mode of operation at high current levels but not at low current levels;

f. wherein said data is transmitted to a remote location through said power cable through distortions of said alternating electrical current in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

8. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 7, including two reactive circuit components coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from said load windings to said control windings.

9. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said alternating electrical current comprises a multi-phase power source, and wherein said load windings of said at least one reactive circuit component communicates with at least one leg of said multi-phase power source.

10. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising:

a receiver member remotely located from said at least one reactive circuit component for identifying distortions of said alternating electrical current and reconstructing said data signal.

11. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said control circuit includes a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying a direct current to said control windings to switch said data transmission apparatus to said saturated mode of operation.

12. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is adapted to switch to said saturated mode of operation at a saturation current which is intermediate zero current and a peak current for said alternating electrical current so that passage of said alternating electrical current through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation.

13. A method of transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power-consuming component, comprising the method steps of:

a. providing at least one reactive circuit component, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. providing a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings;

c. switching said data transmission apparatus between the following plurality of modes in response to said data signal;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. transmitting said data to a remote location by deforming said alternating electrical current in a region associated with selected waveform zero-crossings in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

14. A data transmission apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power consuming component, comprising:

a. two reactive circuit components coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from load windings of said each reactive circuit component to control windings of said each reactive circuit component, said each reactive circuit component including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) said load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) said control windings of said each reactive circuit component wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings of said each reactive circuit component;

c. said data transmission apparatus being operable in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. wherein said data is transmitted to a remote location through said power cable by deforming said alternating electrical current in a region associated with selected waveform zero-crossings in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

15. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said alternating electrical current comprises a multi-phase power source, and wherein said load windings of said each reactive circuit component communicate with at least one leg of said multi-phase power source.

16. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising:

a receiver member remotely located from said two reactive circuit component for identifying said alteration of said at least one electrical characteristic of said alternating electrical current and reconstructing said data signal.

17. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said control circuit includes a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying a direct current to said control windings of said each reactive circuit component to switch said data transmission apparatus to said saturated mode of operation.

18. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is adapted to switch to said saturated mode of operation at a saturation current which is intermediate zero current and a peak current for said alternating electrical current so that passage of said alternating electrical current through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation.

19. A data transmission apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power-consuming component, comprising:

a. at least one reactive circuit component, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings, said control circuit including a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying a direct current to said control windings;

c. said data transmission apparatus being operable in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said switch member applies said direct current to said control windings thereby putting said highly magnetically-permeable core into a magnetically saturated condition which provides a low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. wherein said data is transmitted to a remote location through said power cable by deforming said alternating electrical current in a region associated with selected waveform zero-crossings in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

20. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 19, including two reactive circuit components coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from said load windings to said control windings.

21. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 19, wherein said alternating electrical current comprises a multi-phase power source, and wherein said load windings of said at least one reactive circuit component communicates with at least one leg of said multi-phase power source.

22. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising:

a receiver member remotely located from said at least one reactive circuit component for identifying said alteration of said at least one electrical characteristic of said alternating electrical current and reconstructing said data signal.

23. A data trasmission apparatus according to claim 19, wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is adapted to switch to said saturated mode of operation at a saturation current which is intermediate zero current and a peak current for said alternating electrical current so that passage of said alternating electrical current through said load windings swithches said data transmission apparatus between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation.

24. A data transmission apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power-consuming component, comprising:

a. at least two reactive circuit components, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

wherein said at least two reactive circuit components being coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from said load windings of said at least two reactive circuit components to said control windings of said at least two reactive circuit components;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings of said at least two reactive circuit components;

c. said data transmission apparatus being operable in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. wherein said alternating electrical current passing through said load windings of said at least two reactive circuit components switches said data transmission apparatus (a) to said saturated mode of operation at high current levels and (b) to said unsaturated mode of operation at low current levels, causing distortions at zero crossings of said alternating electrical current;

e. wherein a control current which is selectively supplied to said control windings of said at least two reactive circuit components is sufficient to maintain said data transmission apparatus in said saturated mode of operation at high current levels but not at low current levels;

f. wherein said data is transmitted to a remote location through said power cable through distortions of said alternating electrical current in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

25. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said alternating electrical current comprises a multi-phase power source, and wherein said load windings of said at least two reactive circuit components communicate with at least one leg of said multi-phase power source.

26. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 24, further comprising:

a receiver member remotely located from said at least two reactive circuit components for identifying said distortions of said alternating electrical current and reconstructing said data signal.

27. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said control circuit includes a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying a direct current to said control windings of said at least two reactive circuit components to switch said data transmission apparatus to said saturated mode of operation.

28. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is adapted to switch to said saturated mode of operation at a saturation current which is intermediate zero current and a peak current for said alternating electrical current so that passage of said alternating electrical current through said load windings of said at least two reactive circuit components switches said data transmission apparatus between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation.

29. A data transmission apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power-consuming component, comprising:

a. at least one reactive circuit component, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings, said control circuit including a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying a direct current to said control windings;

c. said data transmission apparatus being operable in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said switch member applies said direct current to said control windings thereby putting said highly magnetically-permeable core into a magnetically saturated condition which provides a low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. wherein said alternating electrical current passing through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus (a) to said saturated mode of operation at high current levels and (b) to said unsaturated mode of operation at low current levels, causing distortions at zero crossings of said alternating electrical current;

e. wherein a control current which is selectively supplied to said control windings is sufficient to maintain said data transmission apparatus in said saturated mode of operation at high current levels but not at low current levels;

f. wherein said data is transmitted to a remote location through said power cable through distortions of said alternating electrical current in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

30. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 29, including two reactive circuit components coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from said load windings to said control windings.

31. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said alternating electrical current comprises a multi-phase power source, and wherein said load windings of said at least one reactive circuit component communicates with at least one leg of said multi-phase power source.

32. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 29, further comprising:

a receiver member remotely located from said at least one reactive circuit component for identifying distortions of said alternating electrical current and reconstructing said data signal.

33. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said control circuit includes a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying said direct current to said control windings of said at least two reactive circuit components to switch said data transmission apparatus to said saturated mode of operation.

34. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is adapted to switch to said saturated mode of operation at a saturation current which is intermediate zero current and a peak current for said alternating electrical current so that passage of said alternating electrical current through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation.

35. A data transmission apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power-consuming component, comprising:

a. at least two reactive circuit components coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from load windings of said each reactive circuit component to control windings of said each reactive circuit component, said each reactive circuit component including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) said control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings;

c. said data transmission apparatus being operable in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. wherein said data is transmitted to a remote location through said power cable through alteration of at least one electrical characteristic of said alternating electrical current in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

36. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said at least one electrical characteristic utilized to transmit said data to said remote location comprises a deformation of said alternating electrical current at selected waveform zero-crossings.

37. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said alternating electrical current comprises a multi-phase power source, and wherein said load windings of said at least two reactive circuit components communicate with at least one leg of said multi-phase power source.

38. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 35, further comprising:

a receiver member remotely located from said at least two reactive circuit components for identifying alteration of said at least one electrical characteristic of said alternating electrical current and reconstructing said data signal.

39. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said control circuit includes a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying a direct current to said control windings to switch said data transmission apparatus to said saturated mode of operation.

40. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is adapted to switch to said saturated mode of operation at a saturation current which is intermediate zero current and a peak current for said alternating electrical current so that passage of said alternating electrical current through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation.

41. A data transmission apparatus for transmitting data over a power cable which supplies alternating electrical current to an electrical-power-consuming component, comprising:

a. at least two reactive circuit components coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from said load windings to said control windings, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) load windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core for receiving at least a portion of said alternating electrical current from said power cable;

(3) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings;

c. said data transmission apparatus being operable in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

(1) a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current flow; and

(2) an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current flow;

d. wherein said alternating electrical current passing through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus (a) to said saturated mode of operation at high current levels and (b) to said unsaturated mode of operation at low current levels, causing distortions at zero crossings of said alternating electrical current;

e. wherein a control signal current which is selectively supplied to said control windings is sufficient to maintain said data transmission apparatus in said saturated mode of operation at high current levels but not at low current levels;

f. wherein said data is transmitted to a remote location through said power cable through distortions of said alternating electrical current in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

42. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 41, wherein said alternating electrical current comprises a multi-phase power source, and wherein said load windings of said at least two reactive circuit component communicate with at least one leg of said multi-phase power source.

43. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 41, further comprising:

a receiver member remotely located from said at least two reactive circuit component for identifying said distortions of said alternating electrical current and reconstructing said data signal.

44. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 41, wherein said control circuit includes a switch member responsive to said data signal for selectively applying a direct current to said control windings to switch said data transmission apparatus to said saturated mode of operation.

45. A data transmission apparatus according to claim 41, wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is adapted to switch to said saturated mode of operation at a saturation current which is intermediate zero current and a peak current for said alternating electrical current so that passage of said alternating electrical current through said load windings switches said data transmission apparatus between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation.

46. A method of communicating information in a wellbore, comprising the method steps of:

providing a string of wellbore tubular members;

providing an electrical submersible pump;

providing a data transmitter member;

providing a data receiver member;

providing an electric power supply, said electric power supply residing at the surface of the earth;

providing a power cable;

lowering said electric submersible pump, said power cable, and said data transmitter member into said wellbore on said string of wellbore tubular members;

supplying power from said electric power supply to said electric submersible pump using said power cable;

utilizing said electric submersible pump to lift fluids from said wellbore to the surface through said string of wellbore tubular members; and

transmitting data from said data transmitter member to said data receiver member using said power cable, wherein;

said data transmitter member contains;

a. at least one reactive circuit component, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings;

said data transmitter member operates in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

a. a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current in said power cable; and

b. an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current in said power cable; and

wherein said data signal is transmitted to said data receiver member through said power cable by altering at least one electrical characteristic of said alternating electrical current in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

47. A method of communicating information in a wellbore, comprising the method steps of:

providing a string of wellbore tubular members;

providing an electrical submersible pump;

providing a data transmitter member;

providing a data receiver member;

providing an electric power supply, said electric power supply residing at the surface of the earth;

providing a power cable;

lowering said electric submersible pump, said power cable, and said data transmitter member into said wellbore on said string of wellbore tubular members;

supplying power from said electric power supply to said electric submersible pump using said power cable;

utilizing said electric submersible pump to lift fluids from said wellbore to the surface through said string of wellbore tubular members; and

transmitting data from said data transmitter member to said data receiver member using said power cable, wherein;

said data transmitter member contains;

a. at least one reactive circuit component, each including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings;

said data transmitter member operates in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

a. a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current in said power cable; and

b. an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current in said power cable; and

wherein said data signal is transmitted to said data receiver member through said power cable by altering said alternating electrical current in a region associated with selected waveform zero-crossings in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.

48. A method of communicating information in a wellbore, comprising the method steps of:

providing a string of wellbore tubular members;

providing an electrical submersible pump;

providing a data transmitter member;

providing a data receiver member;

providing an electric power supply, said electric power supply residing at the surface of the earth;

providing a power cable;

lowering said electric submersible pump, said power cable, and said data transmitter member into said wellbore on said string of wellbore tubular members;

supplying power from said electric power supply to said electric submersible pump using said power cable;

utilizing said electric submersible pump to lift fluids from said wellbore to the surface through said string of wellbore tubular members; and

transmitting data from said data transmitter member to said data receiver member using said power cable, wherein;

said data transmitter member contains;

a. at least two reactive circuit components coupled in series but out of phase to minimize power transfer from load windings of said each reactive circuit component to control windings of said each reactive circuit component, said each reactive circuit component including;

(1) a highly magnetically-permeable core defining a magnetic flux pathway;

(2) control windings wound about a portion of said highly magnetically-permeable core;

b. a control circuit for selectively communicating a data signal to said control windings;

said data transmitter member operates in a plurality of modes of operation, including;

a. a saturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically saturated condition and provides a low impedance to alternating current in said power cable; and

b. an unsaturated mode of operation wherein said highly magnetically-permeable core is in a magnetically unsaturated condition and provides a high impedance to said alternating current in said power cable; and

wherein said data signal is transmitted to said data receiver member through said power cable by altering at least one electrical characteristic of said alternating electrical current in a predefined manner by switching between said saturated mode of operation and said unsaturated mode of operation in response to said data signal.