System for supplying streams of data to multiple users by distributing a data stream to multiple processors and enabling each user to manipulate supplied data stream

• US 5,671,377 A
• Filed: 07/19/1994
• Issued: 09/23/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 07/19/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Sarnoff Corporation (SRI International, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: David Sarnoff Research Center, Inc.
• Inventors: Chin, Danny, Bleidt, Robert, Kaba, James Timothy Christopher
• Primary Examiner(s): Shin, Christopher B.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Krick, Rehana P.
• Application Number:
  US08/275,742
• Time in Patent Office: 1,162 Days
• Field of Search: 395/800, 395/200.1, 395/174, 395/328, 395/208, 395/200.03, 395/509
• US Class Current: 715/723
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/10 File systems; File servers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/412 Distributed storage methods, i.e. the system may autonomously determine for a storage device that provides enough storage capacity for recording
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/226 Characteristics of the server or Internal components of the server
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2318 using striping
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2387 Stream processing in response to a playback request from an end-user, e.g. for trick-play
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2396 characterized by admission policies admission control, resource allocation in open networks H04L12/5692; arrangements for network security using user profiles for access control H04L63/102; access security in wireless networks H04W12/08
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6377 directed to server one-way streaming services wherein the source is controlled by the destination H04L65/613
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/658 Transmission by the client directed to the server
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6587 Control parameters, e.g. trick play commands, viewpoint selection
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/8456 by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments

Abstract

A multiple user data storage, retrieval and distribution system containing a parallel processing computer system that forms a digital information server. The server contains a plurality of parallel processors each connected to a information storage device. The user data is stored in a distributed manner amongst the information storage devices. The distribution system dynamically allocates the users to the system based upon the user'"'"'s requested operating mode. As such, during successive user service periods, all the users are supplied their requested data. The system also provides error detection and correction for the data requested by the users. Furthermore, additional data can be added to the information storage devices during each service period and select information storage devices can be recalibrated without affecting system operation. Even though the system allocates users dynamically such that the data is retrieved from the information storage devices in an arbitrary order, the system contains an output timing sequencer that generates output data in a predefined order no matter the order in which the data is retrieved from the information storage devices. The disclosed apparatus and method find applicability in video servers, medical imaging, special effects and animation and location based entertainment systems among other applications.

Claims

1. Apparatus for supplying, in response to user commands, independent streams of output data to a plurality of users, comprising:

a parallel processing computer containing a plurality of processors each connected to an information storage device;

an input/output circuit, connected to each of said processors, for distributing an input data stream amongst the processors such that each of the information storage devices stores a portion of the input data stream;

interface means, connected between said parallel processing computer and said users, for interpreting said user commands and causing said parallel processing computer to access, from each of said information storage devices, stored input data in accordance with the user commands; and

enabling each individual user to manipulate the stream of data supplied to that individual user

said input/output circuit supplies each of said users with said accessed data as a stream of output data.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said manipulations include starting, stopping, pausing, fast-forwarding, and fast-reversing the stream of data.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said stream of input data is a multimedia program.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said information storage devices are disk drives.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said input/output circuit further comprises a multiplexing circuit such that multiple streams of output data are multiplexed with one another upon a transmission means for carrying said streams of output data to said users.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a mass storage device for supplying said input/output circuit with said stream of input data.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said input/output circuit further comprises an interprocessor communications bus for enabling each of said processors to communicate with each of said other processors within said parallel processing computer.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said input/output circuit further comprises a output timing sequencer that reorders segments of data that comprise said stream of output data.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said output timing sequencer further comprises:

a register array for storing each of said data segments and a data segment identifying value for each of the data segments such that each data segment can be addressed by said segment identifying value;

a counter, connected to said register array, for incrementally counting such that each count of said counter corresponds to one segment identifying value in a series of segment identifying values;

means, connected to said register array and said counter, for retrieving a data segment corresponding to said segment identifying value generated by the counter; and

means for repeating said retrieval of said data segments for each count of said counter such that an order of said data segments is consistent with an order in which the counter produces segment identifying values.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for storing additional input data in said information storage devices without interrupting production of said stream of output data for each of said users.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for identifying and correcting errors in said stream of output data without interrupting production of said stream of output data for each of said users.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for placing one or more of the information storage devices in an idle mode where data access is not being conducted to or from the information storage device, such that the information storage device is implicitly or explicitly triggered to perform internal housekeeping or recalibration tasks, without interrupting production of said stream of output data for each of said users.

13. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for allocating users to the plurality of processors such that each user can utilize at least one processor to access data within an associated information storage device.

14. Apparatus for reordering data segments in a continuous stream of data segments, said apparatus comprising:

a register array for storing each of said data segments and a data segment identifying value for each of the data segments such that each data segment can be addressed by said segment identifying value;

a counter, connected to said register array, for incrementally counting such that each count of said counter corresponds to one segment identifying value in a series of segment identifying values;

means, connected to said register array and said counter, for retrieving a data segment corresponding to said segment identifying value generated by the counter; and

means for repeating said retrieval of said data segments for each count of said counter such that an order of said data segments is consistent with an order in which the counter produces segment identifying values.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising:

a plurality of register arrays, each connected to independent streams of data segments and each data segment is associated with a unique segment identifying value;

said counter is connected to each of said register arrays; and

means, connected to said counter and said register arrays, for retrieving from one of the plurality of register arrays a data segment corresponding to a segment identifying value generated by said counter.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said independent streams of data segments are generated by a parallel processing computer containing a plurality of parallel processors such that each data segment is produced by one processor in said plurality of parallel processors.

17. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said plurality of register arrays are a plurality of output registers of said processors in said plurality of parallel processors.